Heavy duty vehicles often have problems with Traction during the winter periods. For vehicles that can lift tag axles it is possible to increase the normal force on the driven axle by lifting one or more tag axles, this will then increase the propulsive force of friction. This however increases wear on both road and vehicle. A possibility to reduce the wear while achieving nearly equivalent Traction compared to lifted tag axles is to allow the vehicle to regulate the normal force by lowering the pressure in the air suspension associated with the tag axles or by the lifting of these axles. The vehicle would then by itself be able to set just the right amount of normal force on the drive wheels to avoid unnecessarily high normal forces while maintaining sufficient Traction.The purpose of the report is to find out which parameters affect heavy duty vehicles when driving on slippery slopes and how Traction can be improved.

the most obvious problem at Traction today is the in-between handling that demands much time and resources. The reason is that the packages are not designed with handling in mind. Several of the packages of today also have a poor degree of utilization that means there is room for a fewer number of articles. That in turn means more packages, more transports, more storage space and more staff. On the basis of a specification of demands ? which take quality and environmental influence, as well as transport, handling and economy in account ? we have developed suggestions on new packages that will facilitate handling and lower the total costs, The time of handling will in some cases abbreviate to just a few seconds with the new packages.

The calf extrator?s function has been studied, through measuring Traction and how this varies in different situations, in comparison with corresponding manual Traction situations. This was done against the background that excessive force at assisted calvings at dystocia can mean life threatening damages on the calf such as grave acidosis, vertebral fractures, femur fractures and rib fractures. The calf extractor has earlier been measured to pull with greater force than the established maximum force of ?two strong men?.

In today's agriculture efficiency and the capacity of tools and machinery are crucial. In this work we investigate whether it is possible to enhance the capacity of sowing by increasing the work speed of seeders, how seed technology affects seed placement, and if there is any difference between two different brands of seeders and their sow techniques. The seeders we have chosen to compare are Väderstad Rapid drill and Amazon Cirrus drill. The tillage capacity of the seeders and their Traction power needs were examined as well.Väderstad Rapid and Amazon Cirrus were tested in a randomized block design with four replicates at three different speeds, 8 km/h, 12 km/h and 15 km/h. The seed placement at the different speeds was examined by dividing the seedbed into four different zones from its surface to its bottom.

In this report a new gear concept is evaluated using the magnetic finite element method (FEM)software MagNet and Ansys as well as the mechanical FEM software Abaqus. The gear conceptis evaluated in terms of maximum torque capability, torsional stiffness, gear ratio and efficiency.ABB Corporate Research has proposed a new gear concept which should be less expensive thangearboxes used today. The new concept is called aMagnetic Harmonic Traction Drive and usesthe principles of a harmonic drive gear to achieve a high reduction ratio. The gear conceptreplaces the wave generator used in traditional harmonic drives with magnets and uses Tractioninstead of gear teeth to transfer the torque. The main components in the gearbox are the magnets,the flexspline, the magnetic portion and the circular spline.

The thesis evaluates a new kind of bearing arrangement in a Traction motor that ABB hasdeveloped. Since the arrangement is designed in a new and innovative way it needs to beevaluated to see if it is safe to use. In today?s Traction motors, bearings with a big internalclearance (C4-clearance) are used. The basic idea of the new arrangement is to reduce the fitsbetween the bearing and shaft/house.

Obsterisk plexus brachialisskada (OBPP) är en nervskada som kan uppkomma vid vaginal förlossning. OBPP kan ge neurologisk funktionsnedsättning med varierad svårighetsgrad. Konsekvenserna för barn med OBPP är framförallt funktionsnedsättningar i axel, arm, hand och fingrar men även ögats nerver kan skadas. Den största riskfaktorn för OBPP är klinisk handläggning av skulderdystoci. Skulderdystoci är en svår komplikation som uppstår då barnets axlar fastnat i kvinnans bäcken i samband med förlossningens slutskede.

Mellan 60 och 80 procent av befolkningen i västvärlden kommer någon gång att drabbas av ländryggssmärta. Av sjukpenningkostnaderna står ryggvärk för den enskilt största diagnosen. Målet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka om traktion har någon effekt vid utstrålande smärta från ländryggen. Artiklar från de senaste 20 åren söktes i databaserna Medline, Cinahl, Amed, Cochrane, PEDro och PubMed. 19 studier inkluderades i studien.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly gained Traction in the education sector, with tools such as ChatGPT often highlighted as potential support in teachers? daily work. At the same time, the technology raises important questions about how its use should be organized and what responsibilities school leaders hold. The aim of this study is to deepen the understanding of how generative AI is implemented in school organizations, focusing on the strategic work of school leaders and how this is experienced by teachers. The study is based on a qualitative study, comprising interviews with 14 school leaders and teachers in a county in western Sweden.

ABSTRACTBackground: Most cases of lumbar disc herniation are asymptomatic. When symptomatic, LDH may cause a significant physical and mental distress. Initially, most patients are treated conservative but sometimes operations may be required.Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a review of the scientific basis of physiotherapy, including behavioural therapy, as a treatment to lumbar disc herniation regarding pain, function and the size of disc herniation in people suffering from lumbar disc herniation.Method: Four databases were used in the searches of literature. Assessment of the validity of the studies was done with the PEDro-scale and valuation of evidence rate was made according to guidelines made by the Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment (SBU).Result: Nine RCT-studies were included with a total of 713 participants. The scientific basis is moderate to support a pain reduction and limited regarding improvement of physical function when it comes to physical exercises, including MDT.

This report deals with an exam report written by Olle Hjalmarsson and Thomas Likar, students at Högskolan i Halmstad. The project was carried out for Haldex Traction AB in Landskrona whose business consist of manufacturing automatic all wheel drive systems (AWD-system). These systems consist of a plate clutch which activates all four wheels of a 4-wheel driven vehicle. An important component in these clutches is the accumulator which basically consists of a piston under the load of a spring which creates an oil pressure with the help of an electric motor used for actuating the clutch.At Haldex difficulties has been experienced regarding the assembly of the accumulator parts due to the small tolerances between the piston and the hole of the accumulator in the cast aluminium housing. Attempts have been made to assemble the parts in existing robot cells.

Globaliseringen har lett till att länders ekonomi, politik och kultur ständigt integreras och förändras i ett komplext nätverk. Den teknologiska utvecklingen som värderingar medfört har underlättat för snabb och effektiv kommunikation. Detta fenomen sätter krav på företag att vara innovativa och flexibla inför förändringar. Strävan efter att överleva på den globala marknaden och att möta kunders efterfrågningar har lett till en internationalisering av företag.Detta kräver ett samarbete mellan organisationer som är lokaliserade i olika länder. I ett samarbete krävs effektiv kommunikation med ett flöde av förstålig och meningsfull information mellan involverade parter.

Patienter med diskbråck i ländryggen är en vanlig patientkategori som behandlas av fysioterapeuter. Symtomgivande diskbråck kan vara fysiskt och psykiskt påfrestande för patienter. Initialt behandlas de flesta konservativt med bland annat traktion och träning. Verkningsmekanism för dessa behandligar, effekt på patientens symptom och evidensgrad är oklara. Det är viktigt att sammanställa och värdera behandlingsmetoder som används av fysioterapeuter i klinisk praxis.Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att granska det vetenskapliga underlaget för traktions- och träningsbehandlingars effektivitet på smärta, funktion och diskbråckets storlek vid ländryggsdiskbråck.Litteratursökningarna genomfördes i följande databaser: PubMed, Ebsco host, SweMed, Cochrane Collaboration och Scopus.

Industrial buildings are increasing all over Sweden. Farmers are building new modern facilities and the government chooses to build new halls to invest i youth sports. Glulam is the most common framework but there are limitations because of the transport. Therefore, there is a need to develop new solutions to increase the use of glulam.The maximum torque in the eaves was found in the frame with a roof pitch of 18 degrees and a wingspan of 25 meters. Using hand calculations according to Eurocode and comparison with the computer software StatCon, the maximum torque, shear force and utilization rate is calculated.

Today the competition in the automobile industry is getting all tougher. The technology behind cars becomes more advanced. To get ahead of competitors car companies has to look into new areas of innovation.One important area is vehicle safety. Bigger companies have come so far in vehicle safety that difference between cars more depends on the car type (size) than the technology behind it.There is one area where vehicle safety that still has great opportunities for improvement, which is in active safety. The term active safety states that the car has the ability to identify treats and automatically respond to the treats.