This essay discusses the problems with the high rate of long-term sickness leave among women in Sweden. It is based on interviews with six women suffering from stress-related illness. The results show that these women hardly ever recieved an explicit diagnosis and therefore did not feel that their illness was acknowledged. In the abscense of measurable symptoms they were sometimes stigmatisized and accused of simulating their problems. From this position they tried to legitimize their situation by presenting themselves as respectable women.

Causes of thrombocytopenia in dogs ? a retrospective study of 123 cases The purpose of this retrospective case study was to determine which diseases are associated with thrombocytopenia in Swedish dogs. Records of 123 dogs with thrombocytopenia were evaluated. The most common cause was neoplasia-associated thrombocytopenia (32%). The largest proportion within this group was unspecified neoplasia.

I have investigated how municipalities support children with ADHD. I have interviewed persons responsible in five different municipalities. The persons have had the authority to decide how the support funds are to be shared in the municipality. Mostly I was interested to know if the support was the same in all these municipalities and if the children with ADHD really got the help and support they were entitled to. I discovered that the support varied; in some the children were correctly diagnosed but in others municipalities I was not convince.

This student report is about canine atopic dermatitis It includes a description of the immunologic mechanisms and how the reaction affects the body. The symptoms are various, most common is pruritus, erythema and alopecia and directly associated with the immunologic reaction. The diagnostic process includes symptoms, physical findings, differential diagnosis, intradermal test and serological test. The options of treatment are several and vary for each patient. The report includes hyposensitization, medical treatment such as corticosteroids, antihistamin and cyclosporine, topical treatment, fatty acid supplements and environmental treatment. The prognosis is individual for each patient due to their different response to the treatment. It may take a while to find the right combination of treatments to achieve satisfactory control of the disease..

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicin and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Does supplementation of omega-3 during pregnancy affectprevalence of allergy in infants and children?Author: Peter Eliasson, Anna RahmSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 ECTSDate: 2012-04-12BackgroundEpidemiologic research has shown an association between a high intake of fish and allergy.The underlying theory is that allergy develops already at a prenatal stage and food intakeduring pregnancy has been shown to be significant. Conducting research on allergy isproblematic since it has genetic, as well as enviromental, determinants.ObjectiveThis thesis attempts to conclude and evaluate research on a connection betweensupplementation of omega-3 during pregnancy and allergic outcomes in infants and children.Search strategyThe literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Scopus. Among thekeywords chosen were omega 3, supplement, pregnancy and allergy.Selection criteriaHuman RCT, that measured allergy, where the intervention consisted of supplementation withomega-3 for at least ten weeks during pregnancy and ceased at birth.Data collection and analysisThree articles were chosen for this thesis. The articles were examined using templates fromSBU and the quality of evidence was evaluated according to GRADE.Main resultsNone of the articles showed a protective effect on allergic outcome but in one of the studiesthere was significant reduction in eggallergy and another showed significant lower occurrenceof severe eczema.ConclusionsSupplementation with omega-3 during pregnancy does not occur to have an protective effecton allergic outcome in infants and childen but the evidence for this is considered to bemoderate.

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease spread worldwide. The most common sources of infection for all animals and humans are bites from dogs or bats. The aim of this degree project was to diagnose and determine the source of infection for 11 rabies samples from São Paulo State and Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Diagnosis was made through direct immunofluorescence assay, mouse inoculation and RT-PCR. The sources of infection were determined by sequencing 234 nucleotides of the 5? end of the N-gene and align these with homologous sequences retrieved from GenBank.

Seven individuals from Surahammar in Västmanland Sweden are analyzed for the appearance of pathological and skeletal changes. The graves, all from within the walls of a fourteenth century church, are dated from the Viking age to late eighteenth century. The aim of this scientific essay is to find pathological conditions by doing an osteological analyze, x-ray analysis, an osteoporosis measurement and letting orthopedists assess the individuals. The aim is also to say something about the individuals? general health and how they experience the changes they have in the skeleton.

SAMMANFATTNINGAmningsfrekvensen i Sverige är lägre än vad som rekommenderas enligt Livsmedelverket och WHO. Sett ur ett folkhälsoperspektiv skulle mödrars och barns hälsa kunna förbättras om fler kvinnor ammade sina spädbarn mer exklusivt och under längre tid, varför bra metoder för amningsförberedelse bland blivande spädbarnsfamiljer behövs. Det amningsförberedande arbetet bör initieras av mödravårdsbarnmorskan redan under graviditeten. Syfte: Att utforma en standardiserad mall för utförandet av amningsförberedande samtal under graviditet. Metod: En kvalitativ pilotstudie genomförd med litteraturgranskning och fokusgruppintervju med barnmorskor, analyserade med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Utifrån identifierade faktorer med visad positiv påverkan på amningsfrekvens samt barnmorskors kliniska erfarenhet utformades en standardiserad mall för amningsförberedande samtal. Mallen innehåller en individanpassad och en generell del. Den individanpassade delen behandlar tidigare amningserfarenheter, förväntningar inför kommande amning samt tankar kring brösten och deras funktion.

Approximately one third of all patients in primary care have a psychosocial component to their illness that requires adequate professional treatment. However, primary care is insufficiently prepared for these patients. The aim of this case-study was to evaluate a pilot project in primary care offering psychotherapy as a treatment alternative. The data collected includes 1) data from 352 referred patients regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment duration and pre- and post health status, 2) a patient-satisfaction questionnaire and 3) interviews with six therapists and five medical doctors. The treated patients improved significantly and showed a high degree of satisfaction.

Thermography is the assesment of the surface temperature of the horses body and it falls into the categori of physiological imaging. Thermography allows us to portray inflammation and changes in sympathetic tone in a graphical manner. The purpose of this study was to review thermography in equine medicine and to evaluate thermography as an aid in the diagnosis of lamness in horses. Thermography has been helpful to identyfy sprains, stress fractures, shin splints and soft tissue, tendon, ligamentous and nerv injuries and to monitor healing processes during rehabilitation. Routine thermography may reveal inflammatory responses prior to clinical signs. In present study thermograpy gave especially valuabel information in two cases. In one horse reduced blood flow in a. saphena due to a thrombosis were visualised and in the other horse bilateral thoracolumbal radiculopati was diagnosed.

In this paper we have chosen to focus on social workers and their experiences of interacting with clients with neuropsychiatric disabilities, in example persons with ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), Asperger syndrome, autism and/or Tourette syndrome. The main purpose was to look into three areas: What knowledge do social workers mean that they need about neuropsychiatric disabilities and how can their needs of knowledge can be met? How do they experience the meeting with a person with neuropsychiatric disabilities? How does the cooperation function between authorities regarding persons with neuropsychiatric disabilities?Definition of the concept of disability and function from a historical perspective points out that the approach has changed over time. Previous research studies of the interaction in meeting between the client and the social worker shows that the social worker carries two faces, so called aspects. The first aspect is about help and care and the second aspect is about administrative functions.

This study was performed to investigate the possibility to use ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for sub-clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Five cows with high cell counts, and four cows with low cell counts were selected as cases and controls, respectively, and their udders examined with ultrasound during a 5 week period. The image of the udders of cows with high cell counts exhibited small, hyper-echoic, rounded foci, approximately 1 cm in diameter, near the milk cisterns and the base of the teats. These changes were not found consistently in all cows with high cell count, however. Ultrasonography may be a valuable complementary tool in the diagnosis of sub-clinical mastitis in dairy cow, but more cases need to be monitored before its full value can be ascertained..

This work of investigation was to report how four study counsellors see upon the facts regarding the amount of admission, the students social surroundings and local designs for the Individual program (IV) at upper secondary school. Through interviews with four professionals set to guide the students at four different schools in the rural districts of Boden, Luleå, Piteå and Skellefteå, this has become a paper that describes how they see these young adults today. Different handicaps and diagnosis, troubles at home, pregnancy and even drug abuse tend to make you wonder how they possibly can get through school at all. Regarding local development within the program there are no strings of what to do but for every district to deside for themselves and this has led to different ?experiments? with students not mentaly fit for school at all.

This literature study assembles current knowledge about CODD (Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis). The aetiology of this disease is not completely known and to obtain a manageable overview, this study aims to summarize the knowledge from published studies and shed light on the subject. Search for literature on the subject has been made in the Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and has been compiled in this paper. Footrot and ovine interdigital dermatitis are differential diagnosis of CODD and they possibly have a common role in the emergence of CODD. Several studies have drawn parallels to bovine digital dermatitis.

Renal dysplasia in dogs is a severe kidney disease that causes great suffering for the affected individual. The disease disturbs the development of the kidneys which leads to an immature microscopic structure of the kidney and smaller kidneys than normal. A dog with renal dysplasia only lives between 4 and 24 months, because of kidney failure. There are different ways to establish a diagnosis, but the most common way today is to take a renal biopsy. In a scientific study, ultrasound based diagnosis was shown to match the histopathological picture of the disease.