English Title: "The unquestionable tuition of music theory". During my years as a musician and a musical student, I have encountered many prejudices when it comes to views on music played by ear and the routines and discourses belonging to its creation and performance. I have experienced that there is a concealed hierarchical view on different styles of music, particularly amongst those educators and musicians who are highly educated in musicology. The Afro-American tradition, has historically been a part of the musical education at university level for much shorter a period than that of the classical tradition. In my opinion, the formulation of the music theory lessons is still strongly influenced by the classical tradition.

The purpose of this thesis is to discuss education as a state tool in Sweden during the 17th and 18th century. The idea is to contrast the pragmatics of the Swedish education system with the theories of Rousseau and Comenius. The thesis is marked by the thought that theory and application diverse because of the subversive infusion in the ideas of the theoretic.The results shows that it is ultimately a question of public education and its potential. The state recognises the potential of public education but also its dangers and therefore becomes very active in forming not only the education system as a hole but also its pedagogic.

The study is of qualitative research method, where the interviews are the main material for the study. This study aims to analyze teachers and pupils perspectives on outdoor education in the early years of the elementary school. The main reason for this study is that all the literature in the area tends to lift up the positive aspects of the field. While the practice of education tends to go the other way, where the majority of our children?s classes takes place inside the classrooms.

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka relationen mellan styrdokumen­tens föreskrifter gällande jämställdhet och lärares hantering av detta i ensemble­undervisning inom jazz och populärmusik på gymnasiet. Jag har valt att analysera ensemblepedagogernas förhållningssätt och handlingar vid ensembleundervisning utifrån ett genusperspektiv. Denna studie tar avstamp i synen på genus som en social konstruktion, där genusmönster genereras i möten mellan människor, genom ständig upprepning av handlingar och beteenden.För att få svar på mina frågor har jag genomfört halvstrukturerade kvalitativa in­tervjuer med fyra verksamma ensemblelärare vid fyra olika gymnasieskolor. Efter att ha analyserat intervjumaterialet visar resultatet att alla informanter anser att synen på jämställdhet och människors lika värde är grundläggande för hela under­visningen. Tillvägagångssätten för hur pedagogerna hanterar jämställdhet i en­sembleundervisningen skiljer sig något.

This is a study of the work of a Danish music teacher at a free school (grade 1 9) in Copenhagen. The teaching is based explicitly on playing in ensemble and the pupils play at a high artistic level compared to a normal school. Data collection was made during three days with the help of observation, video recording and qualitative interviews. The report contains video clips where the pupils and the teacher play together. The great differences between this model of teaching and the normal, lie in the teacher participation in the music making, the central role of the rhythms, the early start (grade two), the form of songs and arrangements and the lack of notation in favor of music making by ear.

The study aims to examine how the people who have received special needs education during their schooling have experienced it.Since I wanted to take advantage of people's experiences of special needs education, I chose to conduct qualitative research interviews. Five people in the ages of 21-26 years old participated in the study.A summary of the work says that special needs education creates mixed feelings, feelings of joy and alienation. The positive as described in the work is that the special education teaching has created a classroom that is aligned along the pupil's needs and circumstances. All informants have expressed that their negative experiences is about them having to leave the common classroom.Keywords: exclusion, inclusion, special needs education, student needs.

What role should science play in democracy? Political scientists often assume that it is possible to demarcate between ?instrumental? and ?moral? knowledge, and argue that citizens and/or politicians should use their moral knowledge to agree upon political goals and then apply the instrumental knowledge of scientists to achieve them. This straightforward view is challenged by writers in science studies, who identify three major problems in the use of science in democracy: uncertainty, risk and hidden values. They suggest that these problems could be solved through citizen participation.In this essay I perform an analysis of the internal logic of their suggestion. Is it likely that citizen participation enhances the democratic decision making process so as to reduce the problems? The internal analysis shows that it is rational to advocate citizen participation by reasons of legitimacy.

The Swedish curriculum says that the education will adapt and take notice of every child?s individual condition and needs. Every child has the right to development, to feel the happiness of growing and to experience satisfaction of making progress and overcome difficulties. In every class it is often children who need adapted physical education. The earlier these children can get support and practice, the bigger the chance is that they will catch up.

The purpose of this master thesis is to examine different factors that may influence the librarian in the selection of popular music. The study is conducted through a qualitative method, influenced by grounded theory. The results are based on patterns drawn from both interviews with six libraries and from literature. The literature review concerns foremost cultural politics, music aesthetics, the sphere of popular music in Sweden today and the impact of commercialism. Also the purposes of popular music in a library, aspects of values of popular music and assortment policies are being discussed.

BackgroundResearch shows that the majority of patients feel anxiety before and during anesthesia. It has been shown in several studies that preoperative anxiety may cause adverse effects in the postoperative course. Nurse anesthetists have a key role in creating a safe environment and the opportunity to use different interventions to reduce the degree of anxiety.AimThe aim of the study was to examine which interventions may reduce anxiety in adult patients before and during both general, local and regional anesthesia.DesignSystematic literature review with a quantitative approach.ResultsSeveral studies indicate that gabapentin and pregabalin can reduce anxiety before and during anesthesia. The anxiety reducing effect appeared to be dose dependent. The naturopathic drugs Citrus aurantium blossom and Passiflora incarnata Linneaus were found to reduce anxiety before anesthesia.

This is a study of Sensus Barnmusikskola ? Children?s School of Music, in Karlstad, Sweden?s attempts to facilitate integration and diversity in their operation. The Culture and Recreation Management in Karlstad town?s conditions to award the school their grant in 2009 was that Sensus Children?s school of Music should make targeted interventions in the socioeconomic exposed areas Gruvlyckan/Våxnäs and Kronoparken to increase the number of children with foreign background. This would according to the Culture and Recreation Management bring more integration and diversity in to the school?s operation.

Interpret, concretize and set grades - Is it that simple? A study of similarities and differences in local grading criteria in music. The purpose of this study is to examine similarities and differences in local grading criteria in music at schools in a larger municipality in the south of Sweden. The research question is: How have schools interpreted national grading criteria locally and how do music teachers look upon the grading procedure? This study is based on an analysis of the grading criteria at ten schools.

BackgroundResearch shows that the majority of patients feel anxiety before and during anesthesia. It has been shown in several studies that preoperative anxiety may cause adverse effects in the postoperative course. Nurse anesthetists have a key role in creating a safe environment and the opportunity to use different interventions to reduce the degree of anxiety.AimThe aim of the study was to examine which interventions may reduce anxiety in adult patients before and during both general, local and regional anesthesia.DesignSystematic literature review with a quantitative approach.ResultsSeveral studies indicate that gabapentin and pregabalin can reduce anxiety before and during anesthesia. The anxiety reducing effect appeared to be dose dependent. The naturopathic drugs Citrus aurantium blossom and Passiflora incarnata Linneaus were found to reduce anxiety before anesthesia.

This paper is a study about outdoor education in pre- school. The main purpose is to look over if outdoor education in pre- school is a restraint or a resource. The study is based on two questionnaires, one to personnel in pre- school and one to parents who have children in pre- school. The study showed that outdoor education is mostly viewed to be a resource but there can be some problems in how to use it. Time, planning and knowledge were problems that were often mentioned by teachers.

I studien granskas hur lärare i kursen Instrument och sång 1 planerar sin undervisning, hur eleverna kan påverka undervisningen samt vad de tycker om den nya kursplanen i Gy11. Studien genomfördes i form av sex stycken kvalitativa intervjuer där informanterna var verksamma instrumentallärare som undervisar på gymnasiet med olika lång erfarenhet av att undervisa. Kursplanen användes som grund för studien. Syftet med studien var att öka förståelsen för hur verksamma instrumental- och sånglärare i gymnasieskolan planerar utifrån kursplanen i Instrument och sång 1. Inför studien tog vi del av tidigare forskning och litteratur inom områdena planering, elevinflytande, kursplan, bedömning samt musik.