En systematisk litteraturöversikt med fokus på att beskriva upplevelser av att lindra och minska oro och klaustrofobi hos patienter som ska genomgå en MR-undersökning. Tanken är att fokusera på icke-farmakologiska metoder. Många patienter lider svårt av oro ångest och en betydande mängd tvingas avbryta undersökningen mitt i. Andra har svårt att ligga still, då de plågas av klaustrofobi, vilket leder till otydliga och oanvändbara bilder. Syftet är att genom en systematisk litteraturöversikt, med en metod för integrerade översikter, beskriva erfarenheter av att lindra oro och klaustrofobi hos patienter under MR-undersökningar med ickefarmakologiska metoder.

En legitimerad sjuksköterska är enligt lag skyldig att arbeta i överrensstämmelse med vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet. Att arbeta evidensbaserat innebär att utföra omvårdnad med hög patientsäkerhet, på bästa vetenskapliga grund. En systematisk litteraturöversikt har gjorts med syfte att sammanställa sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av evidensbaserad omvårdnad. Utgångspunkten var tre frågeställningar: hur ser sjuksköterskors attityder till evidensbaserad omvårdnad ut idag, vad hindrar sjuksköterskan från att leda en omvårdnad byggd på evidens samt vad möjliggör för sjuksköterskan att leda en omvårdnad byggd på evidens? Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskor är ointresserade och oförstående till begreppet evidens.

Analys av portföljer, sammansatta av hög-, mellan- och lågrisk aktier..

This study aims to scrutinize the four major banks in Sweden on how their profit havedeveloped over a time span of 15 years, whether stricter regulations have had anyimpact on financial key ratios and if there is any correlation between the banksprofitability and their risk taking. The period covered is the years 2000-2014. Thefigures are annually and the four major banks are; Handelsbanken, Nordea,Skandiviska Enskilda Banken (SEB) and Swedbank.The findings are that financial key ratios that include net income are pro-cycle whereSwedbank has the biggest volatility over the period and that the three other banks areless, but clear pro-cycle. There are also indications that stricter rules have madeimpact on the volatility of the profitability even though the period covered is notenough to ensure this claim. Nordea has had the lowest and most stable capital ratiothroughout the period and the other three banks lowered their debt-to-equity ratiosignificantly after the financial crisis in 2008.

A stay in the neonatal intensive care unit of greater than 5 days is one of the identified risks ofa sensorineural hearing loss. Preterm infants usually have at least one risk factor for hearingimpairment. The period from 25 weeks' gestation to 5 to 6 months of age is most critical tothe development of the auditory system. We think it is important to investigate hearingimpariment among infants born preterm, degree and type of hearing loss, risk factorsassociated with hearing loss and how the auditory system may be affected by preterm birth.ObjectiveA critical review of the current literature including studies of preterm infants born betweengestonal age 25-37. Our aim is to identify the most common type and degree of hearing lossamong infants born preterm and if there is an association between hearing loss and pretermbirth.MethodA literature search of Scopus and Pubmed resulted in 16 articles from 2000-2015ResultsMost of the infants in this study had a severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss.

The study examines risk perception and crisis preparedness among personnel at high-schools. The focus is set on teachers and leaders at four high-schools in Örebro municipality, Sweden. The purpose of the study is to examine crisis preparedness and identify factors which influences risk perception and crisis preparedness. The survey consisted of a questionnaire which was completed by 95 respondents. The results show that better information about the crisis preparedness in the schools is needed.

In recent years, several scandals have been revealed where public employees been involved. Some researchers argue, moreover, that the NPM's rampage has led to an increase in the risk of corruption in public administration. The Regulation on Internal Control shall, according to the government, lead to adequate protection against corruption by analyzing and managing risks. However, Riksrevisionen have criticized the authorities' protection against corruption to be too unstructured and unsystematic. In addition, they questioned whether the regulation really has significance in the work against corruption.

The economic analysis of building contracts is an unexplored field within Law and Economics. This paper makes an attempt to cast some light over the subject and encourage to more research within the field. The main purpose has been to describe why the actual price in a public construction project often turns out to be higher than the contract price and offer a way of handle that risk. In the paper a model is set up that shows an optimal contract given expectations on actual price and gaps in contracts. Cost increases for the buyer can mainly be explained by two situations.

Som främsta motiv till offshoringen angav de två företagen i studien kostnadseffektivisering. Båda företagen i studien, Bulls Tryckeri AB och Trelleborg Protective Products, uppvisar en medvetenhet kring en rad riskaspekter som kan vara, och är, närvarande vid offshoring av produktion. Respektive offshoringprojekt föregicks av en bedömning av både kvalitativa och kvantitativa aspekter relaterade till offshoringen. De två bedömningarna, om ej kompletta riskanalyser, uppvisar klara kopplingar till analysering av risk och dess eventuella konsekvenser. Både Bulls Tryckeri AB samt Trelleborg Protective Products arbetar aktivt med att reducera risk i sin offshoringrelation genom riskreduceringsstrategier såsom målkongruens, spackling och horizontal chunkification..

As stocks have become a more common way for people to save their money, the range of financial information has had a substantial increase. To understand the assumptions that stock valuation and analysis are built upon, it is important for the reader to have an understanding for the models that are used by banks and institutions when recommendations are published.The cash flow model, which is the most commonly used stock valuation tool, is based on CAPM. This model describes the relationship between an assets return and its risk in relation to an index. The risk parameter is called the beta value and has grown to be the dominating risk factor within financial economics literature.The use of beta values has been widely discussed in the world of academics and some researchers claim that the degree of explanation brought about by the beta is so low that it should be discarded, others are faithful to the beta and believe that it still serves a purpose. As a result of this criticism other ways to calculate the beta have surfaced, models that take other factors of risk into consideration.

The Swedish bank Handelsbanken has, according to their own way of measuring, been more successful than a weighted average of their competitors during the last 38 years. They have also handled the recent financial crisis, as well as the one in the 1990´s, better than most other banks. This paper studies their management control system at branch level in order to identify the controls which have been enforced to ensure that a low risk level is retained in the lending. The controls that have been identified are; (1) A decentralized organization with the offices as profit centers where the manager has restrictions regarding risk level and the results are measured as K/I (cost/revenue). (2) The absence of bonuses and individual follow-up regarding performance measurement.

Denna systematiska litteraturstudie behandlar ämnet inkludering inom specialpedagogiken. Såväl svenska som internationella forskares syn på inkludering och vägen dit. Studien utreder begreppen kategorisering och inkludering. Syftet med undersökningen var att identifiera ett par möjligheter som gynnar inkludering och ett inkluderande arbetssätt som kan användas i den svenska skolan.  Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie med relevant forskning som källor.  Resultaten pekade på tre möjligheter som kan bidra till inkludering, delaktighet och deltagande, tid och lärarens kunskaper och attityder till ett inkluderande arbetssätt.

This master thesis investigates how the county administrative boards communicate the regional risk and vulnerability analyses to municipalities in Sweden. Information has been gathered through a survey and through a case study involving three county administrative boards. The results revealed that there are possibilities to improve or develop the communication in all the county administrative boards. The information channels are often written or web based, these channels promote one way communication rather than a dialog. The thesis gives suggestion on how to work out a strategy for a more effective communication, the case study also gives ideas on how a county administrative board can work with communication..

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Alpha-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil and effects on blood pressure ? A systematic reviewAuthor: Christine Hårdfelt och Liduina van SitterenSupervisor: Helen LindqvistExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: April 9th, 2014Background: High blood pressure is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke. ALA-fatty acids have previously been associated with decreased blood pressure. Flaxseed oil is very rich in these fatty acids and has also been highlighted as an affordable and sustainable source.Objective: To investigate whether ALA-fatty acids from flaxseed oil may affect blood pressure in people with high risk for cardiovascular disease.Search strategy: Two searches in PubMed and Scopus were performed. The sample was specified by using specific keywords.Selection criteria: The criteria for inclusion of studies required that flaxseed oil was compared with a control and that blood pressure was measured as an endpoint.

Omvårdnadsarbetet präglas dagligen av beröring som sjuksköterska krävs det att man hela tiden hittar nya vägar för att främja hälsa. Att leva med kronisk eller svår sjuk-dom leder till ett stort lidande och hela den enskilda män-niskans liv förändras. Syftet med denna studie var att se vilka påverkan kroppslig beröring har vid kronisk eller svår sjukdom. Metod som använts är en systematisk litte-raturöversikt. Studien resulterade i sex kategorier, Smärt-lindring, Avslappnande och rogivande, Välbefinnande, bekräftelse och trygghet, Ökad aktivitets nivå, Minskad vårdtid och läkemedelsanvändning samt Andning och cir-kulation.