Titel - Nyttan med RFID i IKEAs försörjningskedja - Ett sätt för IKEA att uppnå spårbarhet.Författare - Sven MorénJesper SamuelssonHandledare - Mats Johnsson, Universitetslektor vid institutionen för förpackningslogistik, Lunds Tekniska Högskola.Daniel Hellström, Doktorand vid institutionen för förpackningslogistik, Lunds Tekniska Högskola.Allan Dickner, Förpackningschef inom IKEA-koncernen.Nyckelord - Spårbarhet, Märkningssystem, RadioFrekvent IDentifikation, Information.Problembakgrund - Informationsteknologin har medfört stora förändringar för dagens företag. Några av utvecklingarna inom IT är Automatic Identification and Data Collection, vilket har inneburit en avsevärd förbättring med avseende på mängden korrektöverförd data. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) är en teknologi inom AIDC-området som har börjat användas allt mer, vilket också IKEA uppmärksammat. IKEA är ett multinationellt företag som expanderar kraftigt samtidigt som distributionen blir allt mer komplex, vilket ställer höga krav på ett effektivt och lättöverskådligt flöde. Det förekommer idag många och tidsödande mänskliga fel vid hanteringen av gods vid distributionscentralerna, vilket till stor del beror på olika standards och rutiner för de olika sändningarna.

Feed intake in dairy cows is regulated by a variety of factors influencing hunger and satiety. One of the regulation systems includes the short chain fatty acids produced during feed degradation in the rumen. Starch can be digested either in the rumen where short chain fatty acids are produced or in the small intestine where glucose is the end product. Since glucose does not have the same effect on satiety that short chain fatty acids have, the site of starch digestion might be an important factor that affects feed intake and milk production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of site of starch digestion on feeding behaviour (feed intake, consumption time, and eating frequency) and milk production. Because feeding behaviour is closely connected to the cows? environment, the study also included observations of behaviour. Three different feed rations were compared.

The purpose of this essay is to apply Activity Based Costing on a Service and Support function in order to identify and allocate costs for providing support for IT deliverables..

This essay is about the market of traditional rental movie stores, which today are on a mature stage of the marketing cycle. The technique is constantly accelerating and contributes to evaluation of new ways to watch movie. New competitors are such as bigger chain of stores that can offer, in addition to their wide range of other goods, rental movies as a secondary selling. The substitute is of most part Internet based services from where you can watch movie online or download film legally as well as illegally.These different sorts of new competitors or substitutes become a big threat on the traditional rental movie stores as these substitutes can offer the same prices or even lower.With these new ways of watching film this will on turn change the behaviours of the customers that likes to watch movies. The problem for the traditional rental movie stores is trying to keep their existing customers and try keeping them loyal to their store, so that they won?t loose them to the competitors and substitutes.

Att lagerföra produkter med begränsad hållbarhet kan skapa problem för det lagerförande företaget. Problematiken ligger i att inte lagra för mycket produkter, så hållbarhetstiden hinner gå ut, samtidigt som man måste kunna mätta sina kunders behov. Ett välfungerande lagerstyrningsarbete kan hjälpa företag med denna problematik, vilket även skapade grunden för denna uppsats. Tre företag inom Stockholmsområdet studerades gällande deras respektive arbetssätt när det kommer till lagerstyrning. Det studieobjekten har gemensamt är att de lagerför livsmedel; produkter med begränsad hållbarhet.Studien tar reda på vilket sätt företag, som lagrar livsmedel, arbetar med lagerstyrning samt vilken eller vilka faktorer som ses avgörande för lagerstyrningens effektivitet.

Debatten om svenska matpriser har varit en stark motor för den utveckling av dagligvaruhandeln som konsumenterna möter idag. Extrem lågpriskonkurrens, en ökad andel av detaljisters egna varumärken i butik samt en hög koncentration av detaljistledet, är några av de effekter som delvis kan förklaras av allmänhetens krav på sänkta matpriser. Vi har noterat att ledande varumärken såsom Kellogg?s och Gillette, uteslutits från detaljisternas sortiment som ett resultat av misslyckade förhandlingar rörande inköpspris. Detta kan även ses som ett tecken på att den en gång så starke leverantören har fått reducerad förhandlingsstyrka.

Handling product returns has become a critical activity for organizations as the volume of gods flowing back through the Supply Chain rapidly increases. Few research studies have published specific empirical data concerning the reverse logistics practices of companies. Information technology and information support has long been recognized as a competitive weapon ? capable of enhancing company performance and achieving efficient reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is very unlike the forward, as it is more reactive and also has less visibility.

The Baltic Sea, due to its special conditions, is a unique and vulnerable marine environment. There are many pressures that have an impact on the sea and one of the major problems is the extensive flow of nutrients from land. The most visible effect of the supply of nutrients is the annual algal blooms. One of the main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus supply is agriculture. Nutrient losses from arable land have been increasing as agricultural production has intensified. At the end of the twentieth century an increased awareness of these problems led to the formation of organizations such as HELCOM and Baltic 21.

Energy is an important issue in the current world which significantly affects sustainability and development. Energy generation and use are major sources of CO2 emissions which is one of the most important driving factors in global climate changes. The amount of energy used in house hold section can lead to estimation of the amount of CO2 emitted within this section which subsequently would be a ground to better management and maintaining a sustainable society. This study which is a bachelor?s project in sustainable energy, deals with estimation of CO2 emission from different types of residential houses in Sweden. An extensive literature review on energy use in Sweden by different residential sectors has been conducted.

Field balances based on supply and removal of trace elements from the topsoil have been calculatedfor farms specialized in crop, dairy and pig production in Sweden. Today's field balances have beencompared with the field balances of 1990 in order to examine if, and then how, the situation haschanged. Studied trace elements are arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu),mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn).The balance calculations show that the stores of Cu and Zn are depleted with an average rate of -15% and -6 % over a 100-years period on crop farms when only commercial fertilizers are being used.The concentrations of Hg and Pb tend to increase in the topsoil on crop farms with more than 3 % forHg and with 2 % for Pb in 100 years. There is today balance between supply and removal of the traceelements As, Cd, Cr, Mn and Ni. In the south of Sweden, on crop farms with sugar beets in the croprotation, one can see a decrease in the concentration of Cd in the top soil by -6 % over a period of100 years.

I ett historiskt perspektiv har leverantörerna försökt närma sig marknaden genom att en tätare relation med slutkunden upprättas. Eftersom dagens företag är hårt konkurrentutsatta krävs en effektiv försörjningskedja med leveranser i rätt tid och rätt kvantitet. Det krävs även att företagen har en effektiv lager- och produktionsstyrning för att tillgodose marknadens varierande efterfrågan. Plannja har under de två senaste decennierna försökt etablera sig på nya marknader genom att köpa upp befintliga bolag. Utökningen har inneburit att företaget har kommit närmare slutkunden och att försörjningskedjan blivit längre.

This master thesis is about art activity in the public library. The essay takes its starting point from Government cultural political directives and my purpose has been to study how these are followed up in the municipal level. My survey takes place at the main library of Flen in the county of Södermanland. What I am looking for is, what the art activity looks like, what is decided regarding it and what the strategies are. Furthermore I look into how library visitors understand and participate in the art activity.

The global wood pellet market has seen a rapid growth after the adoption of the Kyoto protocol and the renewable energy incentives created within the European Union. The global consumption of wood pellets reached 13,5 million tonnes in 2010 and several experts estimate the consumption to be between 35-50 million tonnes by 2020. These forescasts raise the questions which regions that can supply this vast amount of wood pellets and what the conditions are for producing it. This study evaluates the conditions for wood pellet production and export from British Columbia, on Canada?s west coast, focusing on existing industry structure, raw material supply and the distribution chain.

This thesis is conducted together with the environmental- and health department in Halmstadcommunity. The thesis is about allowance of bedding and water supply for pig farms inHalmstad community. These farms are chosen randomly from all of the pig farms inHalmstad community. It includes inspection of 27 pig farms and writing of a report. Duringthe inspections I study the amount of bedding, what kind of bedding, water supply andinjuries like lameness, shoulder-bone sore, ear-, flank- and pig tail biting.

As a part of the fight against the global warming the energy production needs to be more efficient and redirected towards sustainable options. One alternative is cogeneration, which means that electricity and heat is produced in one plant. The purpose with this survey is to examine if there are any commercial available combined heat and power techniques, based on combustion of solid moist biomass, which are suitable to small-scale applications. The technique must be able to produce between 2 and 10 MW thermal and the heat demand is a Swedish district-heating system. When already published reports had been studied, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) was chosen as the most suitable technique.