Internal communication is very important for the success of an organization. The county council Landstinget i Värmland is a large organization with many managers on different positions. Every one of these managers gets an email every week, with the message that a new manager letter, called Chef, is published on the intranet. With my paper I am examining what the managers think of this letter, how they use it and if managers on different positions differ from each other in opinions about and use of the letter. I want to find out if there is a need of Chef as a part of the internal communication of Landstinget i Värmland.To answer these questions, I have chosen a quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire which is send to all the receivers of the manager letter.

The study is a case study of an activity, called the Oliven, that provides practice for people who are in the Arbetsförmedlingens Job- and development guarantee. The purpose of this study was to examine what it is in the Olivens activities, for people who are part of Phase 2 and 3 of the Job- and development guarantee, which, according to the participants, are working well and what works less well. We wanted to study how the participants perceive their work situation during the time that they participate in the activities. That is to gain knowledge of how the activities for people who are looking for work can be designed so that the participants can, from a salutogenic perspective, create a sense of coherence while they are participating.We have collected the empirical data through participant-observation and semi-structured interviews during two days. The analysis was made using the concepts ofcomprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness.

This paper addresses the need to review the modern presentation of textile archaeology in museums. It is time to look at textiles in archaeology with new eyes. The reality behind archaeological textilestudy is holistic, embracing many different aspects of society. The presentation of textiles has in my opinion become old-fashioned. I will show in my paper that Jonathan Adams? `seven constraints´ model, developed for research on ancient ships, can also be applied to textile research.

This paper addresses the need to review the modern presentation of textile archaeology in museums. It is time to look at textiles in archaeology with new eyes. The reality behind archaeological textilestudy is holistic, embracing many different aspects of society. The presentation of textiles has in my opinion become old-fashioned. I will show in my paper that Jonathan Adams? `seven constraints´ model, developed for research on ancient ships, can also be applied to textile research.

Palliative care is founded on a holistic attitude, with the goal to alleviate suffering when a cure is no longer possible. Palliative care affirms life and regards dying as a normal process, providing possibilities of a quality time for the patient and family. Studies show that an increasing number of people choose to live the final phase of their life in their own home. A requirement for end of life care is an effective team work, where the nurse is responsible for more advanced care, and the caregiver?s provides the immediate care.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate if the companies listed on Nasdaq/OMX Stockholm Large Cap use the earnings management phenomenon Big Bath Accounting to a greater extent when a change of management (CEO) is made.Management tends to use earnings management when there is a bonus plan linked to the result of the company. To gain maximum bonus the management will try to manipulate the result in a way that in a long term maximize their utility. Through the earnings management technique Big Bath the management is given the possibility to take one large cost as a one-time expend, even though the cost is supposed to run over several financial years. This, of course, within the legal framework. A big bath may occur when there is an impairment of goodwill, tangible and/or intangible assets or larger provisions for future expense, or both of them at the same time..

The projecting time in the construction industry needs to become more efficient toshorten the amount of time it takes to project a build. One of the North's leadingconstruction company NCC constuction Sweden AB has developed a form ofcollaboration called ?NCC project studio? that they use in some projects today.My thesis consists in bringing forth the most important aspects of the collaborationform called NCC project studio. The point of this is to use my thesis to help thecompany develop a quality document that can assist them when starting collaborationbased on NCC project studio in the future.The conclusion of my thesis was that much of the focus needs to be on explaining tothe participants what NCC is aiming to gain from working with the NCC projectstudio and also which important parts that needs to be worked on..

The study is based on a new approach on how Swedish healthcare is supposed to be controlled and organized. There is a renowned administration problem within Swedish healthcare, which seems to be an obstacle to exploit the resources to the fullest. The latest venture within the healthcare system is patient involvement, where the patients become co-producers of their own care, which aims to both improve and make healthcare more efficient. A few wards in Sweden have implemented this new approach whereupon the study intends to discuss the effectiveness and efficiency in some of these.The study is restricted to three wards, whereof two of these are inpatient wards and the other one is an outpatient ward, within the medical clinic in Jönköping County Council, which has implemented the patient involvement approach in their daily work. The methodology for this study is qualitative in its nature where a time study of personnel time allocation and supplementary interviews with managing nurses on the wards have been conducted.

Arbetet är ett utredningsarbete som går ut på att försöka lokalisera felkällor och göra förbättringar på en testutrustning som mäter rodervinklar på akterdelen på en robot. Rapporten innehåller en översiktlig bild över den tidigare metoden och dess felkällor som hittas vid test av den tidigare metoden. Utredningen utmanar också många utav antagandena som är gjorda för beräkningarna av den tidigare metoden. Detta utförs för att kunna bekräfta eller dementera antagandena. Detta görs i form av matematiska modeller som testar olika delar av metoden.

This essay is called What kind of history? and is about how history teachers think when they chose what to teach about and why. In the curriculum there are no guidelines about what substance you have to teach about. This gives the schools and teachers a big freedom. At the same time there is a kind of informal canon which says that it is the European perspective that is the important one.

This study aims to measure the effect of accounting conservatism and to identify thebusiness activities causing firms to undervalue owners? equity. To estimateaccounting conservatism, we have followed the hypothesis that no firm over time cangenerate a return greater than its cost of equity, i.e. CAPM. Thus, if a firm in factgenerates an excess return over time, we assume that the excess return is an estimateof accounting conservatism within that firm.The hypothesis originates from the corporate valuation model ?Economic ValueAdded®? which tries to adjust for accounting bias.

Introduction: The concept of CSR was first coined in the 1950?s and refers to corporate vol-untary work to contribute to a sustainable society. In Sweden, companies within the finance sector are among the worst when it comes to implementing CSR in their daily work. The debate on whether companies should engage in CSR activities or not, is extremely relevant nowadays. Right now we are facing a time where the demand on companies to take their social responsi-bility becomes more intensified.

Röntgenläkarna väljer ofta att byta undersökningsteknik för att fastställa misstänkt patologi som inte går att diagnostisera med en metod. Vid röntgenundersökningar av sinus (bihålor) så kan läkaren välja mellan konventionell röntgen eller en datortomografiundersökning. Skälet är att diagnoser som tumör, benpåverkan eller ansiktstrauma inte avbildas lika bra med den konventionella metoden. Syftet med den här studien är att jämföra datotomografi och konventionell röntgen vid sinusundersökningar, vilka för och nackdelar som de olika metoderna har, hur bildinformationen och diagnostiken skiljer sig, vilka risker som finns med joniserad strålning samt vilka biologiska effekter strålningen har på människan. Intervju har gjorts med odontologi läkare som berättat om för och nackdelar med de olika metoderna, och litteratur och artiklar har gett kunskap för att komma fram till resultatet.

Work-Life Balance (WLB) is defined as the ability to manage both work-life and non-work life successfully. WLB can be evaluated by examining individual?s experience of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Family-Work Conflict (FWC), both of which can be assessed by a questionnaire developed by Netemeyer, Boles and McMurrian (1996). The aim of this study was to explore if responses to the questionnaire, the amount of time spent on studies, household chores and sick leave, were gender related or not, among civil-accountants students. The survey included 138 respondents (74 woman and 64 men).

With many different elective courses to choose between, a lot of students  experience anxiety over deciding which courses to study next semester. The  choice of a specific course can have a big impact on the students future studies  and/or employment. Therefore the anxiety is justified. At the same time the  number of students applying for a course often vary from year to year. This  creates issues for the responsible teachers because of the ever-changing  resource requirements.There are several different theories on decision making, addressing the  different time related states as well as the different habitual styles.