Purpose: We wish to gain a deep knowledge about product development processes in relation to the aspect of time in companies in highly technological and rapidly changing markets. The purpose is to establish how organizations better can employ time as a resource to make the product development process more efficient. Conclusions: Information we gathered from theory and primary data show that information flow, synchronization and time profit when seeing time in three dimensions are factors which should be reflected in the architecture of a product development process. To illustrate our findings, we decided to create a model..

Many institutions currently work with visitor participation. Participatory culture is basically to invite visitors to participate and to give an opportunity to co-creation. In my research I have studied two projects. The first one is the exhibition Hej! produced by Postmuseum (the Swedish mail museum) and the second one is Present by Riksutställningar (a Swedish government).This development indicates that the museums are on their way towards a new definition. Earlier museums were defined as a source of knowledge which purpose was to spread lore to the people.

In preparation for the autumn term in 2011, the Swedish elementary school adopted new syllabuses regarding, inter alia, the civic education (Sw. Samhällskunskap). The civic education has traditionally been a disciplinary subject with a main purpose of mediating democratic values as well as providing generalorientation in the society. Generally, the civic education intends to reflect the world in which people live in, being a complex society which to a large extent is regularly affected by global aspects and developments.      The purpose of this study is to review all the elementary school?s syllabuses relating to the civic education with specific focus on the globalisation perspective.

InledningMellanchefens roll hamnar alltid i kläm på grund av att den ständigt pressas av att följaoch genomföra ledningens beslut uppifrån samtidigt ska mellanchefen jobba för attmedarbetarna ska ha det bra och trivas på arbetet. Dessutom behövs en balans mellanekonomi, budget och avdelningens resultat. För att klara av de krav som ställs på enmellanchef måste organisationer erbjuda stöd och stödfunktioner.SyfteSyftet med denna uppsats är att ge en ökad förståelse för hur stöd och stödfunktionerfungerar, samt hur de underlättar i en mellanchefs arbete. Vi har också i avslutningenvalt att ge rekommendationer om hur organisationer kan arbeta med stöd ochstödfunktioner.MetodStudien har genomförts genom en fallstudie inom Kalmar kommun. Den har haftutgångspunkt i mellanchefens roll och den synen som människor i den rollen hargentemot stöd och stödfunktioner och hur de hjälper dem.

The purpose of this study is to describe how dandelion children has experienced their childhood and how their childhood has formed them in their adulthood. The purpose is also to examine how the attachment between the child and the parents has come to expression. To search for the answers of the purpose the following issues has been created: How do dandelion children experience that their upbringing has formed them as a human being in adulthood? and How do dandelion children experience the attachment to their parents have been expressed during childhood? The empirical material of this study is based on a qualitative approach where the material has been assembled by semi-structured interviews with five respondents. The result shows that all the respondents has experienced their childhood as a problematic existence due to their parents lacking in their basic care of the child.

Background: Heart ischemia is a disease affected by behaviour, lifestyle and heredity. The disease is more common in the western world and the number of those who suffer increases. The mortality has reduced thanks to that medical resources and knowledge have approved. Purpose: The purpose of this study of the literature was to find out what patients experienced emotionally at an acute heart attack. Methods: A study of literature where scientific articles has been refereed and analyzed, then resulted into five categories presented in the result.

The aim of this project was to develop a product which gives one or more objects of daily use an additional function. Thru the creativity of children the object shall transform into a new source for play for pre-school children.The purpose of this work was to research how fantasy and free play of children could be enhanced. I wanted to know how I can motivate children to use their fantasy transforming objects into new sources for play.This was achieved by means of developing a number of different prototypes which I tested in Kindergarden. My observations lead to the development of a cloth-wrap for the chair which provides the required source for ongoing role-play. The chair suddenly transforms into a new landscape and multi-purpose object where children?s fantasy is stimulated and creative play is supported..

Budgeten som styrmedel har kritiserats under lång tid. Kritiker till budgeten har påtalat budgets brister och felaktigheter, andra menar att kritikerna har lämnats alltför mycket tid i rampljuset och hävdar istället att budgeten är lika användbar som problematisk. Det finns mycket befintlig forskning kring budgeten, men forskningen är dock något begränsad vad gäller erfarenheter av budgetavskaffanden. Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva erfarenheter av budgetavskaffanden samt förstå varför dessa erfarenheter uppstår. Således kommer denna uppsats fylla en mindre del av tomrummet på området.

The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the work with line extensions by companies in the media industry. To obtain this purpose a case study was performed to learn about Norrbottens Media?s actions regarding their new launch of the magazine Extra. Information was gathered through an interview and media observations and was analyzed and compared to previous studies on the subject. Results of this case study show that the main reasons for the company?s line extension were new trends on the market and that the company had unexploited recourses to make use of.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how homosexuality is portrayed in young- adult novels. I use books published in Sweden from 1977- 2003. Three of the books have female main characters and the other three have male main characters. My purpose is therefore to compare the different results between the sexes.I will examine and discuss the homosexuality in the novels with focus on the homosexual identity of the young characters and how it is formed. I relate the results to a queer discussion about identity.

Syfte: Studiens syfte är att skapa en förståelse för vilken funktion budgeten fyller i grundskolornas verksamheter, och vilka kopplingar det finns mellan deras nuvarande verksamheter och vad som förespråkas vid en budgetlös styrning. Även relationen mellan skolornas ekonomistyrning och deras strategier kommer att undersökas för att skapa en förståelse för sambandet mellan dessa begrepp. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ metod där vi har samlat in primärdata genom sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer, samt en del frågor ställda via mail. Dessa intervjuer har skett med rektorer, alternativt annan ekonomipersonal, på fem grundskolor i Blekinge län. Tre av dessa har kommunala huvudmän medan resterande två drivs av privata huvudmän. Slutsatser: Studien visar att budgeten fyller många syften inom de budgetanvändande skolorna vilket innebär att den fyller en viktig funktion. Friskolorna använde sig av mer flexibla metoder för ekonomistyrning än de kommunala skolorna gjorde, men ändå kunde likheter med budgetlös styrning även ses i de kommunala skolornas ekonomistyrning.

The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge and a broader understanding for how pre-school teachers describe the importance of planned play environments including in what manner children are given influence. By qualitative interviews with five pre-school teachers from four different units I was able to gather data that shows how the planning process concerning a specific play environment had worked and why it looked as it did. The results show among other things that the pre-school teachers viewed the play environment as a vital part of the daily operation and pointed out that it was of vital importance that it came from the children?s interests. Depending on how the play environment had been organized and what its purpose was it offered different amounts of affordances..

In preparation for the autumn term in 2011, the Swedish elementary school adopted newsyllabuses regarding,inter alia, the civic education (Sw. Samhällskunskap). The civiceducation has traditionally been a disciplinary subject with a main purpose of mediatingdemocratic values as well as providing general orientation in the society. Generally, the civiceducation intends to reflect the world in which people live in, being a complex society whichto a large extent is regularly affected by global aspects and developments.The purpose of this study is to review all the elementary school?s syllabuses relating to thecivic education with specific focus on the globalisation perspective.

Purpose: We have three purposes that will answer our problem questions. Our first purpose is to identify how diversification effects for investors changed between emerging markets and developed markets in the period 1996-2010. Our second purpose is to examine the two crises, IT and financial crisis, and if the correlations between these two crises have changed. Our third purpose is to examine to what extent the Swedish stock market was influenced by other markets in the period 1996-2010, the IT and financial crisis.Methodology: The method is based on an analytic model consisting of two tools; Regression- and Correlation analysis. The Regression analysis will be used when investigating if a change in a foreign stock market affects a change on the Swedish stock market.

Bakgrund: En stor del av projekten som genomförs överskrider de ramar som finns vad gäller budget, tid och kvalitetsspecifikationer. De problem som uppstår vid ekonomistyrning av projekt kan troligtvis till viss del härledas till att projekt genomförs i olika miljöer och således utsätts för olika grad av osäkerhet. Detta, i kombination med varje projekts unikhet, leder till antagandet att alla projekt inte kan styras på samma sätt, utan istället måste sannolikt ekonomistyrningen anpassas till det enskilda projektets förutsättningar. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva och analysera hur ekonomistyrningen utformas samt även hur den bör utformas i projekt som kännetecknas av olika grad av osäkerhet. Genomförande: Undersökningen genomfördes i form av en fallstudie och den empiriska informationen samlades in genom fyra intervjuer på lika många företag som arbetar med olika sorters projekt.