Introduktion: Andelen immigranter ökar kontinuerligt i Västeuropa. Livsvillkor, levnadsförhållanden och sociokulturella faktorer påverkar barns orala hälsa såsom låg socioekonomisk status (SES) och attityder hos föräldrar. Karies berör idag 60-90 % av alla barn i skolålder men kan förebyggas genom promotions- och preventionsinsatser. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva förekomst av karies och dess riskfaktorer hos barn med utländsk bakgrund i Västeuropa. Frågeställningar: Vilken är kariesprevalensen bland barn med utländsk bakgrund i Västeuropa? Vilka riskfaktorer för karies finns bland barn med utländsk bakgrund i Västeuropa? Metod: En litteraturstudie.

The purpose of this Master?s thesis is to perform a user oriented evaluation of the International Library?s website. The questions posed in this study are; for what purpose do the users in this study turn to the International Library?s website; what does the users information searching process consist of when visiting the site; how does navigation, layout and content effect the users satisfaction with the website; do the users in this study consider that the International Library?s website can be improved and if so, how? The study was performed with a user oriented approach where six qualitative interviews with librarians who use the website were conducted. These interviews were analysed using Brenda Dervin?s Sense making-theory and Leclercq?s theory about user satisfaction.

Usability is a well-known term in system development. Today both consumers and organizations aim to increase usability. The purpose of the study is to gain knowledge about inexperienced users? interactions with websites and concretize that knowledge for future studies.Interviews have been conducted within two areas where experienced web developers with extensive programming knowledge brought know-how while inexperienced users without any programming knowledge have given their views. A number of existing tools for web publishing have been analyzed.

En undersökning genomförd av Statskontoret, 2005, visar att webbanvändare har önskemål om att lättare hitta information på offentlig sektors webbplatser. Den här uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka hur kommunala webbplatser kan förbättras så att användarna lättare kan hitta den information de söker. Enligt teorier hämtade från området för webbdesign och användbarhet påverkar aspekterna struktur, navigation, design samt text och etikettering möjligheten att hitta på webbplatser. En studie av nio kommunala webbplatser visar att de förevisade teorierna efterföljs i viss mån och i olika utsträckning av de olika kommunerna. Främst förekommer brister inom områdena struktur samt text och etikettering.

Användandet av mobiltelefoner har blivit en del av vår vardag i dagens samhälle. Mobiltelefonindustrin är en miljard industri med stora företag som Motorola, Nokia och Sony Eriksson. De senaste åren har det även kommit in nya aktörer på marknaden som Apple med sin iPhone och Google med sitt mobiltelefons?operativsystem Android. Dessa aktörer har kommit ut med flera nya mobiltelefonmodeller som använder sig ut av pekskärmar.

This thesis investigates in which way principles and theories of usability is revelant when evaluating interactive systems for children aged 10-12. It also investigates whether there are specific factors that you should keep in mind while developing interactive products for the targeted group.The results of the qualitative study shows that priciples and theories of usability is relevant when evaluating interactive systems for the targeted group. However there is one concept that is more significant than the others. Our study shows that our targeted group is sensitive to time-consuming activities such as loading times etc. which has to do with the efficiency of the system.

Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur sjukvårdspersonal kan hjälpa vuxna patienter att sluta röka, en kortare eller längre tid, inför en elektiv operation.Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Genom sökning i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl erhölls 10 vetenskapliga artiklar. Sökningar genomfördes med både MeSH-termer och fritextsökning. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades, analyserades och samanställdes. Resultat: Metoder som kan användas för att hjälpa patienter att sluta röka är olika former av rådgivning och utbildning: hälsoutbildning, program för livsstilsförändringar, sluta-röka-linje.

In the field of IT-forensics you may often get to analyze different types of digital devices. One ofthese devices is the GPS navigation system. Nowadays GPS technology is getting more and morepopular and is included more frequently in different types of devices. With this article we want topresent the differenent obstacles and possibilites that a forensic investigator is presented with in thistype of investigation. We will be comparing different software suites and make use of forensic toolssuch as EnCase.The reader should get some understanding of the methods there are for analyzing one of these devicesand what problems that may occur in the investigation process.The article presents how the investigator can use different methods to gain information such as recentroutes, favourite destinations and other information that may be stored on the device.

In recent decades here has been a huge development in information technology (IT), where we humans are increasingly using IT in our daily lives, ranging from social media to music streaming services; this has also been a reflection of the technologies developed to our cars. Infotainment systems have become an increasingly regular feature in modern cars where the high degree of integration such as navigation, mobile and Internet has become more common and more sought after. Despite this, relatively little research problemized User Experience of a complex infotainment system in a car. This study thus has the intention to consider the relevance of reality based tests by examining how the user experiences a complex infotainment system in a car. We asked ourselves; How do the user experience a complex infotainment system in a car? We conducted our qualitative study, an interview with researchers in the field of vehicle and road safety and designed a number of system-related activities in a test session where we observed three users.

Nowadays, the establishment of new touch screen technology has changed significantly the way we navigate on the Internet. The requirement to design websites that adapt to various artifacts such as touch screen computers are increasingly a need to consider. The purpose of this study is to discover - What are the specific usability requirements should be addressed in designing of websites for touch screen computers? - In order to examine the essay?s question, it presents a study where five people visiting three different websites on the touch screen computer Ipad. The study was conducted using a participant and structured interview observation in form of a think-aloud method.

Under 99 % av den tid som människan funnits på jorden har löpning skett barfota. Sen 1970-talet har mängder av löparkorskor utvecklats och dagens moderna skor är konstruerade att både ge skydd och stabilitet för foten. Under senare år har medvetenheten av att ha en fysiskt aktiv livsstil ökat och löpning har blivit en populär aktivitet. I och med detta har också riskgruppen för utvecklandet av överbelastningsskador i nedre extremitet ökat.Att sammanställa vetenskaplig kunskap om barfotlöpning jämfört med skodd löpning i ett skadeförebyggande syfte.Litteratursökning genomfördes i de medicinska databaserna PubMed, PEDro, Primo, Scopus, Cinahl och ProQuest med både fritext och MeSH-termer som sökord. Efter granskning av innehåll och inklusions- och exklusionskriterier återstod 13 relevanta artiklar för resultatet.

Användandet av mobiltelefoner har blivit en del av vår vardag i dagens samhälle. Mobiltelefonindustrin är en miljard industri med stora företag som Motorola, Nokia och Sony Eriksson. De senaste åren har det även kommit in nya aktörer på marknaden som Apple med sin iPhone och Google med sitt mobiltelefons?operativsystem Android. Dessa aktörer har kommit ut med flera nya mobiltelefonmodeller som använder sig ut av pekskärmar.

In the field of IT-forensics you may often get to analyze different types of digital devices. One ofthese devices is the GPS navigation system. Nowadays GPS technology is getting more and morepopular and is included more frequently in different types of devices. With this article we want topresent the differenent obstacles and possibilites that a forensic investigator is presented with in thistype of investigation. We will be comparing different software suites and make use of forensic toolssuch as EnCase.The reader should get some understanding of the methods there are for analyzing one of these devicesand what problems that may occur in the investigation process.The article presents how the investigator can use different methods to gain information such as recentroutes, favourite destinations and other information that may be stored on the device.

Today digital guides are most frequently used by the museum and tourism industries. They are also used for education purposes. They make it possible to distribute information and have it easily accessible. In addition to written information they add sound, pictures and videos which lift the whole impression of the visited place to a higher level. A variety of systems currently in use today have been evaluated.

This paper works as an assignment from the Video On Demand Company Headweb, who wanted aninterface analysis of their own and their competitors VOD services. The purpose is to help Headwebwith their own interface by studying theirs and others interfaces and make an analysis on how theyfunction, how they look and how good the usability is with every service, with hope to findsomething that could make the VOD service of Headweb better.I have also studied how the interfaces of the VOD services look on different platforms, to see howthey are designed as a whole. This has been an expert analysis where I have studied the differentVOD-services by myself, without any external users.To find advantages and disadvantages with the services and their platforms, I have used differenttheories, models and design patterns to frame areas such as filmsearch, categorization, registrationand navigation. I have compared the VOD services with each other and drew conclusions for eacharea to see how the interfaces differ between the services, but also between platforms.My analysis has shown that all VOD services in this project have a very unique interface, eventhough they all have the same goal, to allow the user to control their viewing of film. They usevarious functions and structure and use their own page names and categorizations.