I organisationer idag bo?rjar det bli mer och mer centralt att fokusera pa? medarbetarnas innovationsmo?jligheter och kunskap. Organisationer bo?r numera fokusera mer pa? den tysta kunskapen och go?ra denna explicit fo?r att utnyttja den fulla potentialen till innovation. I dagens organisationer kra?vs det a?ven att medarbetarna va?gar arbeta o?ver gra?nserna och att ledningen tydliggo?r att allas input inom organisationen va?rderas likva?rdigt.

I wanted to focus this essay on the operative?s perspective of running religious organizations in the city of Karlstad and to see positive and negative aspects of their day-to-day life working with their organization, following up with a comparison of the difference and the similarities between those groups. After delimitating which groups I was going to examine, I implemented a qualitative study of four people, from two different religious groups, whom I performed interviews with. My method of performing these interviews and understanding the perspective of the informants, I had a semi structured interview guide along with a recent study that was opting for similar conclusions, only in a different county and with different input perspective. The result of my study showed a difference in establishment of their region but with a lot of similarities in problems with their religious and structural premises.

I denna uppsats redovisas en benchmarkingstudie i syfte att jämföra Sveriges försvar mot ett urval av andra länders försvarsmakter, nämligen EU- och NATO-länderna samt Schweiz. Studien har skett med avseende på kostnadseffektivitet och fokus på output i internationella insatser, som har kommit att vara allt mer prioriterade i västvärldens försvarsmakter under senare år. Vidare genomförs en kvantitativ jämförelse mellan värnplikt och andra personalförsörjningssystem genom att länder med likartade personalförsörjningssystem förs samman i fyra kategorier: värnpliktsbemanning av stående styrkor, värnpliktsbemanning av mobiliserande styrkor, blandsystem respektive professionella styrkor. Kategorierna särskiljs genom kvantitativa data, dels andelen värnpliktiga i de aktiva styrkorna, och dels storleken på reserverna i relation till de aktiva styrkorna. Två olika outputmått har utnyttjats, dels faktisk personalvolym i internationella insatser, och för EU-länderna också storleken på de styrkebidrag som utlovats till EU:s gemensamma insatser.

Forskning om lovverksamheten ?r begr?nsad trots att den ?r en viktig del av barns fritid och tid p? fritidshemmet. D?rf?r har vi valt att unders?ka hur l?rare i fritidshem talar om fritidshemmets m?jligheter eller begr?nsningar f?r kvalitet under loven, och hur kvalitet beskrivs av l?rare i fritidshem. Studien har sin utg?ngspunkt i en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer f?r att besvara studiens tv? fr?gest?llningar: Hur beskriver l?rare i fritidshem verksamhetens kvalitet under loven? P? vilket s?tt anser l?rare i fritidshem att de strukturella f?ruts?ttningarna p?verkar fritidshemmets m?jligheter att erbjuda en meningsfull och kvalitativ verksamhet under loven? Studien bygger p? forskningsteorin: fyra dimensioner f?r pedagogisk kvalitet.

To be allowed to sell Z-suspended vehicles with dipped beam Xenon or LED lighting, Scania have to develop automatic headlight level control. This master?s thesis aims to be the foundation to that development.The thesis consists of several parts; a market analysis of how competitors to Scania and the general vehicle industry solve this problem; several available principles for detecting the amount of control needed; the construction of a test station for sensors, a control unit and components connected controlled by the control unit; a further theoretical and practical development of one principle ? one rotational sensor connected between the chassis and the back drive axis; a state flow model programmed in Simulink that produces the control signal for the headlight leveling from the sensor input.Lastly the thesis gives some recommendations to the further development and implementation of automatic headlight level control on Scania vehicles..

Sustainability and the role of companies in terms of emissions and environmental impact has become increasingly more relevant. In 2014, the EU decided to introduce the NFRD, a directive that makes it mandatory for companies that meet the requirements to report on sustainability. This thesis aims to examine how four large Swedish industrial companies report about sustainability in connection with the introduction of NFRD, looking at the years 2015 (2014), 2017 and 2022 from an environmental viewpoint. Furthermore, the study also intends to investigate how the companies write about their sustainability work, as actual achievements or what they have ambitions to do in the future. In order to carry out the study, a content analysis with elements of both qualitative and quantitative features has been used called the CONI method.

The idea to create authentic learning situations where students are highly integrated made me want to try to develop a new method in the course Restaurant and Catering B MAKU 1208 (another field practicing cuisine). In my quest to do just the practical part as rewarding, stimulating and efficient as possible for the student, I planned for a training model with   focus on group interaction.The implementation of the model for learning was to strengthen students confidence both in themselves and in each other, stimulated to greater cooperation and it has also provided an incentive to the student's own development but not least, a growing self-confidence for many students. Several have also had an increased sense of knowing something, to have something to contribute and that their labour input actually was needed. While highlighting that further education to seek knowledge strengthens the individual's skills and consolidates and increases deeper knowledge in the professional field.In conclusion, training should be done in both individual and group basis for optimal learning process..

Our digital society encompasses nowadays different channels, which includes social media where many users consider it as a platform where they can fetch news or exchange news and information. This leads to a large spread of news exchange in a very fast speed, which involves the global users within social media to be a part of this social interaction. This study is focused on how Twitter affects the usage of the user?s news consumption. By reaching out to our specific target audience, which includes Twitter users in Sweden, we made a web based survey with a content of relevant questions.

The transport sector is one of the biggest pollutants in the European Union. In relation to transport policies and environmental policies, intermodal transportation solutions are of high relevance to establish a sustainable transport sector for the future. Intermodality which is defined as smooth transition between transport modes is a key figure for how modal shares are divided between the modes of transportation. The aim of this bachelor?s thesis is to examine the research gap whether policies intended for a specific transport mode affects each other in relation to EU policies intended for intermodality.

This thesis studies the negative impact that control signal saturation may have on a controlled system. Different methods that are used to compensate for this problem are also studied and evaluated. Both sensitivity to disturbances and the effect the method has on the systems'ability to follow a reference signal will be examined. Stability will be discussed, but no conclusions whether the systems are stabilized or not can be drawn. Control signal saturation will lead to a slower behavior in general.

This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using different benchmarking models to measure and compare the efficiency of Swedish gas distributors. It also discusses to which extent the results of a benchmarking study should influence the revenue-cap which will be implemented in the gas distribution sector in Sweden from year 2011. The discussion is based on arguments from both theory and practical applications of benchmarking. The results suggest that benchmarking Swedish gas distributors against distributors in another country using a parametric model is most favorable, but the reliability will be increased if non-parametric models are used also. Partial and total productivity measures could be used to confirm results of other benchmarking analyses.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att undersöka fyra gymnasieelevers erfarenheter av språkundervisning i moderna språk. Uppsatsens frågeställningar är: ? Hur beskriver eleverna sin språkundervisning? ? Vilka strategier använder sig eleverna av vid språkinlärningen? ? Vilka teorier kring lärande går att observera i elevernas undervisning? Underlaget till uppsatsen har varit fyra gymnasieelevers utsagor om språkinlärning i form av kvalitativa intervjuer. Elevernas utsagor har analyserats med hjälp av olika teorier med anknytning till språkinlärning. Slutsatsen är att denna språkundervisning lägger tonvikten på den sociala interaktionen, vilket speglar den forskning som har gjorts de senaste 30 åren. Det visade sig även att det fortfarande finns spår av äldre metoder i dagens undervisning, och att det är problematiskt att hitta en balans mellan lärarcentrerad och elevorienterad undervisning..

Bakgrund: Trots omfattande reformer inom psykiatrin och ambitioner om att erbjuda st?d i vardagen, visar forskning att ensamhet, brist p? meningsfulla aktiviteter och att begr?nsad sj?lvst?ndighet fortfarande ?r ett vanligt inslag i vardagen p? socialpsykiatriska boenden Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att unders?ka hur personal som arbetar p? ett socialpsykiatriboende beskriver ett idealiskt boende som fr?mjar aktivitet och delaktighet. Metod: Studien genomf?rdes med en kvalitativ ansats i form av tv? fokusgrupper med 4 respektive 5 deltagare vid tillf?llena. Materialet transkriberades, analyserades induktivt och kodades efter kondensering Resultat Det kom fram stor m?ngd konkreta f?rslag p? hur socialpsykiatriska boendemilj?er kan optimeras f?r att fr?mja aktivitet och delaktighet, sammanfattat i tre huvudkategorier: Fysiska utrymmen f?r aktivitet, Utbud av olika aktiviteter och personal som resurs p? olika s?tt.

Syftet var att undersöka om exponering inför emotionella röster påverkar muskelanspänning och hjärtats slagfrekvens samt om det finns en samvariation mellan storlek eller längd på muskelanspänning vid aversiv emotionell input och grad av alexitymi. 24 studenter lyssnade på arga, glada och neutrala röster samtidigt som muskelanspänning mättes med EMG och hjärtats slagfrekvens med EKG. Grad av alexitymi mättes med Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20. Resultaten visade att arg eller glad röststimuli gav större muskelanspänningen än neutralröststimuli. Ingen skillnad i muskelanspänning fanns mellan arg eller glad röst.

SAMMANFATTNING BAKGRUND Levnadsvanor som innefattar p?verkningsbara riskfaktorer s?som ?verkonsumtion av alkohol, r?kning, motionsvanor och matvanor samt negativ stress leder till bland annat hypertoni. Hj?rt-k?rlsjukdomarna ?r idag den vanligaste d?dsorsaken i v?stv?rlden. Sjuksk?terskan har en viktig roll i det h?lsofr?mjande arbetet.