The Working Hours Act regulates the working time conditions and together with the Working Time Directive of EU both acts aim to protect the workers. However, with The Swedish Model it is possible to diverge from the law-regulations by collective agreement by the parts of the Swedish labor market. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the national and international law regulations and further on study a few selected Swedish central collective agreements to discover in which extension deviation from the law occur. The sections of the Working Hours Act?s that has been investigated is ordinary working time, daily rest, weekly rest periods, breaks and maximum weekly working time.

A reward cycle for investigating the emotional status in animals has been developed and it requires that animals go through three main phases, i.e. anticipation, consumption and relaxation. The reward cycle has not been tested previously for access to play in pigs. Therefore, the aim of this Master thesis was to investigate if growing pigs showed more behaviours indicative of excitement than pigs that were not allowed to play, performed play in a play arena and showed more behaviours indicative of relaxation after play when they were back to their home pen than pigs that were in their home pen the whole time. Forty undocked piglets (10 litters of Specific Pathogen Free half pure-bred Yorkshire and half hybrids of Yorkshire x Landrace balanced for breed between two treatments were used.

Uppsatsens o?vergripande syfte a?r att underso?ka fo?resta?llningar och uppfattningar hos elever som uttrycker ett starkt motsta?nd mot sko?nlittera?r la?sning i skolan. Med utga?ngspunkt i elevernas upplevelser av fiktionsla?sning a?r uppsatsens ambition ocksa? att reflektera o?ver la?rarens roll, hur la?rare kan arbeta tillsammans med eleverna och vad la?rare kan la?ra sig av dem.Fo?r underso?kningen har fyra elever intervjuats som alla tillho?r en sa?rskild undervisningsgrupp da?r jag a?r undervisande la?rare och ansvarig fo?r svenskundervisningen.Underso?kningen visar hur viktigt det a?r att lyssna pa? eleverna. Na?r la?raren lyssnar pa? sina elever a?r de ocksa? beredda pa? att lyssna pa? la?raren och mer o?ppna fo?r att ta till sig den kunskap skolan har att erbjuda.

Feline asthma is a condition very similar to the respiratory disease affecting humans. It is causing, among other things, a constriction of the bronchial airways, an increase of mucus production and damage to, or erosion of, the epithelial membrane. The symptoms occur intermittently and do, in most cases, evolve during a long period of time. The aim of this essay was to investigate whether there are any nursing routines for feline patients with asthma in animal clinics and animal hospitals in Sweden, and if so, to compare similarities and differences. A literary study of research material also led to a suggestion of how to form a nursing routine for this type of patient.

Denna kvalitativa studie unders?ker vilka motiv som ligger bakom gymnasieelevers val att l?sa ?mnet svenska som andraspr?k, sva, och vilka erfarenheter de har med flerspr?kighet i klassrummet. Studien har en fenomenologisk ansats d?r elevernas livsv?rldar och dess spr?kliga repertoarer anses p?verka elevernas beslut och f?rh?llnings?tt (Busch 2017). Detta inneb?r att elevernas uppfattning om ?mnet sva och deras inst?llning till flerspr?kighet p?verkas av deras tidigare erfarenheter.

Burnt Spine-cap Sárcodon fuligíneovioláceus are one the most endangered mycorrhizal fungal species in Europe. They have their main distribution in Sweden. It form mycorrhiza with pine and dependent on limestone, which makes it connected to a rare environment. It has therefore been important to study the ecology of it further and to recognise the requirement it has on the environment more accurate and what it need to establish in a new area. In this study, 31 of 34 known sites in Sweden was visited and studied in field and their history analysed through aerial photographs.

Syfte: Med utg?ngspunkt i svensk nyhetsdebatt om barn och avancerad hudv?rd, syftar f?religgande uppsats till att synligg?ra och analysera hur barn (0?18 ?r) konstrueras diskursivt samt att unders?ka vem som tilldelas talutrymme i dessa diskussioner. Teori: Utifr?n ett diskursteoretiskt ramverk inspirerat av Foucault, bygger analysen p? utg?ngspunkten om spr?k som centralt och b?rare av diskursiva f?rest?llningar om hur n?got eller n?gon antas eller b?r vara. Det kombineras med barndomssociologiska teorier om barnsyn och att den r?dande synen p? barn ?r kontextuellt, kulturellt och historiskt betingad. Metod: Det empiriska materialet, best?ende av 19 nyhetsartiklar fr?n de svenska tidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Aftonbladet, Expressen, Svenska Dagbladet, G?teborgs-Posten, Svenska Dagbladet Junior och Kamratposten, har analyserats genom en kritisk inneh?llsanalys med en diskursanalytisk ansats inspirerad av Foucault f?r att synligg?ra diskursiva konstruktioner, diskurser samt de positioner och handlande som barn tillskrivs. Resultat: Av resultatet framg?r att barn konstrueras p? tre olika s?tt och att de olika konstruktionerna (o)m?jligg?r olika typer av handlande. Barn konstrueras genom spr?kliga mark?rer i artiklarna som konsumenter, som s?rbara och som kompetenta.

Denna kvalitativa studie unders?ker vilka motiv som ligger bakom gymnasieelevers val att l?sa ?mnet svenska som andraspr?k, sva, och vilka erfarenheter de har med flerspr?kighet i klassrummet. Studien har en fenomenologisk ansats d?r elevernas livsv?rldar och dess spr?kliga repertoarer anses p?verka elevernas beslut och f?rh?llnings?tt (Busch 2017). Detta inneb?r att elevernas uppfattning om ?mnet sva och deras inst?llning till flerspr?kighet p?verkas av deras tidigare erfarenheter.

In the country of Jordan, egg production is very important economically, but several bacte-ria are involved in food borne diseases transmitted from eggs or other poultry products. The most important are Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli. In Jordan two different housing systems are used for hens in large scale egg production; con-ventional cages and litter floor systems. Eggs from four different farms were analysed and compared to see if a difference could be found regarding the presence of pathogenic bacte-ria on the egg surfaces between these two systems. Total number of aerobic bacteria was analysed, the presence of Salmonella spp., C.

Studien syftar till att ?ka kunskapen om hur fyra flickor och deras v?rdnadshavare upplever sina erfarenheter kring flickornas skoltid och hemsituation innan ADHD-diagnos st?llts. Att leva med funktionsvariationen ADHD kan upplevas som b?de sv?righeter och m?jligheter. I dag finns forskning som visar att ADHD-symptom, oftast uppt?cks av v?rdnadshavare framf?r allt f?r flickor.

Sweden had in the early 1930's the lowest birth rate in the world. Population Commission which was established in 1935 concluded that one of the biggest social problems was the working women?s heavy workload. To deal with the low birth rate reforms and programs were founded both in order to help the women but also in order to support the inadequate motherhood. Government grants were set up to start the so-called vacation home for housewives where the government?s visions of the vacation homes were active rest and recreation.     Based on the Leisure Inquiry report regarding vacation homes for housewives - the purpose of this paper is to examine how the government visions regarding vacation homes for housewives were practiced and how the future of prevailing gender contract affected the holiday home.

The aim of this study was to find possible relations between behaviour and physiology for puppies during different parts of a puppy test. This work deals mainly with the physiological part of the study. Thirtysix puppies, från five litters, were tested in a behaviour test where heart rate was measured and saliva samples were collected before and after each part in the test. Saliva and urine samples were analyzed for corisol concentration as an indicatior of stress. The tests were performed during two consecutive days in the breeders' home when the puppies were seven weeks old. In addition, heart rate and cortisol levels were also measured in the bitch since we were interested in finding out if there were any relations between physiological levels in bitches and puppies.

This thesis work is a 30hp D-level assignment in design as a co-operation between MälardalenUniversity and Scania CV AB in Södertälje. The purpose was to develope a close fitted catwalk.The market has seen an increasing value for these types of applications and have the ambition to keep up with the rest of the competitors. The catwalks of todays standards shall be estetical attractive, have a non slippery surface and be costefficient.While working with this project I have spent a lot of time with the concept proposals and with the evaluation of the concepts, resulting in a final CAD model and a approximation of the cost estimate. The new catwalk fulfils all the new recommendations and rules as sharp edges, ADR, the height of the stepup and a non slippery surface with built in drainage..

The flagellate Giardia intestinalis has been known to cause diarrhea in both man and dog. Results from epidemiological studies have indicated that transmission of the parasite from dog to man is plausible even though that route of infection has yet to be shown. Several international studies have shown that the parasite frequently occurs in asymptomatic dogs. In Sweden the prevalence of Giardia in healthy dogs is not known though. In this study, faecal samples were collected at two separate occasions from 21 litters and 21 bitches showing no symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract. The samples from each litter were pooled but the samples from the bitches were analyzed individually.

This study concerns congenital defects in pigs; umbilical and scrotal hernia, cryptorchidism, kyphosis, splay legs, anal atresia, intersexuality and congenital tremor. The aim was to describe and estimate the prevalence of these defects and estimate the heritability for the most frequent defects, scrotal hernia and cryptorchidism in purebred Swedish Hampshire, Landrace and Yorkshire populations. Furthermore, information and opinions from herdsmen in commercial herds was collected and analysed. A low proportion of congenital defect pigs is of importance both from animal welfare and economic point of view. The accuracy of registration of the presence of defects in the litters has a decisive role for the ability to select against these defects.