During an investigation of animal welfare in animal production, the focus has for a long time been focused on the absence of stress, suffering and injuries, and positive emotions have not been prioritized. However, in recent years that has been drastically changed. The public interest have increased for buying animal products from animals that have had a decent life, which have led to that play, exploratory behavior and other positive behaviours has come to play a significant role in welfare assessment. The welfare of cattle is difficult to assess since there is currently no ancestors to study, it is thus difficult to determine which behaviors can be regarded as natural and thus positively related, acordingly the welfare of cattle have been forgotten and research on positive emotions of cattle have not been prioritized. The aim of this study was to observe which behavior growing cattle performe, and if there was any differences of which kind of behavior that was observed, if the cattle is keept on slatted floor or on a deep straw bedding. Furthermore, antoher purpose was to investigate if the observed behaviours indicate a positive, negative or natural welfare, and if it is possible to use the observed behaviours in a welfare assessment.

Den här rapporten avhandlar framtagandet av en prototyp för en tjänst där abonnenter hos telekomoperatörer ska kunna beställa och konfigurera sina egna tjänster i betydligt större utsträckning än vad som är möjligt idag.Detta är möjligt och önskvärt tack vare att det pågår kontinuerlig modernisering av den teknik som idag används i telefonnät och telefonsystem.Projektet genomfördes på uppdrag av Tieto i Kalmar som är ett konsultföretag som arbetar mycket med telekomteknik och som har flera stora kunder som arbetar med modernisering av sin teknik.Resultatet har blivit en prototyp där användaren på ett flexibelt sätt kan skapa, redigera och radera sina egna tjänster, samt få en grafisk överblick över sina inställningar.Prototypen är också enkel för uppdragsgivaren att anpassa för demonstration för olika kunder. Den är dessutom anpassad så att det ska gå så enkelt som möjligt att utveckla den vidare med nya komponenter.Från början ingick en student från Rehabiliteringsprogrammet i projektet. Tanken var att kunna genomföra olika typer av användbarhetsanalyser och på så sätt göra prototypen så användarvänlig som möjligt. Då studenten av personliga skäl inte fullföljde projektet redovisas dessa delar av projektet inte i den här rapporten..

Weaning is one of the most critical events in the piglet production with problems such as growth check and post-weaning diarrhea as a result. The lighter the piglets are when the growth check occurs, the harder they have to get back to normal growth rate. Creep feeding of piglets is used to reduce the problems by increasing the weaning weight and adapting the digestive tract to a starter diet. Hodge (1974) showed that the sow?s milk can not provide enough nutrients for maximal growth rate.

The impact of the distribution in the soil volume of two farm manures on the net mineralization and immobilization processes of nitrogen were studied in an incubation experiment. Cattle slurry and broiler litter were placed in the soil with three procedures for incorporation including placement on top of the soil (TOP), in the middle of the soil (MID) and mixed homogenously with the soil (MIX). During the two weeks of incubation, few significant differences in net mineralization were seen between TOP, MID and MIX. However, there was a tendency that MIX led to a larger net immobilization of N than placement at one point (TOP and MID). This is also the result in the literature.

Oxytocin is today widely spoken of as a "feel good" hormone. Recent research has increased interest in the hormone and its role in social and sexual interactions, as well as its importance for complex behavioral patterns. There is evidence that oxytocin is released during physical contact and is said to suppress anxiety and stress. In animals and humans, oxytocin, which is a neuropeptide and likewise a hormone, is necessary for parturition and lactation. Synthesis of oxytocin occurs in brain neurons and in specific organs involved in reproduction.

During the late 1800s fire suppression became increasingly effective in northern Sweden which led to decreased areas of fire-disturbed woodland and successive changes in the structure of forests. In the long run this can pose a serious threat to fire-dependent and fire-favored species. Today some fire-prone forest reserves are burned as a nature conservation act. Often partial cuttings are made before burning, with somewhat different motives. The purpose of the study in LÃ¥ngsidberget nature reserve was to give a general picture of forest history and its affect on today?s forest condition, and to show how partial cuttings affect burning conditions and results. LÃ¥ngsidberget is located close to areas that were colonized during the Middle Ages.

Denna studie syftar till att studera vilka meningserbjudanden av fiktionsfo?rsta?else som finns av litteratur fra?n efterkrigstiden och frama?t i la?robo?ckerna Svenska impulser 2 och Upplev litteraturen 2. Underso?kningen so?ker svar pa? fo?ljande fra?gesta?llningar: (1) vilka meningserbjudanden av fiktionsfo?rsta?else ges av de texter, bilder och o?vningsuppgifter som finns i de ba?da la?robo?ckerna? och (2) hur samverkar texter, bilder och o?vningsuppgifter fo?r att erbjuda fiktionsfo?rsta?else? Empiriska data till studien inha?mtas genom att de aktuella kapitlen i la?robo?ckerna detaljstuderas. Den huvudsakliga metoden fo?r att bearbeta och analysera det empiriska materialet a?r funktionell analys.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats ?r att ?ka kunskapen om samverkan mellan kommuner och medborgare vid hanteringen av smygande kriser. Genom att unders?ka kommunala krishanterares f?rest?llningar och erfarenheter str?var studien efter att synligg?ra aspekter som fr?mjar och hindrar samverkansprocessen samt omfattningen av medborgarnas deltagande i den kommunal krishanteringen. Teori: Samverkans teori utg?r studiens teoretiska ramverk och anv?nds f?r att skapa f?rst?else f?r hur samverkan b?r definieras.

A study was made to evaluate how current measurementscould help to determine how particles from fish farms are dispersed. During sixweeks of the summer 2012, two different current measurements were conducted.One of them consisted of measurements each fifth minute at 5 m and 15 m atthree locations for 14-16 days each. The other consisted of profilemeasurements at each location at four times during the period of six weeks. Forthe current measurements two instruments (model RCM 9) were used. A two weekmeasurement can give enough data to make an evaluation of how the currents at alocation will transport litter from a fish farm.

The dry period is usually 6-8 weeks and in this period the basis of the performance in the following lactation is settled. In an average herd about 15% of the cows are dry (Marcussen & Krog Laursen, 2008). In many herd the dry cows are set aside, that means setting aside 15% of your herd, at the time when they are preparing for their next lactation. The recommendation for number of groups differs depending on country traditions or reasons for grouping. If you look at recommendation for feeding, some companies selling feeding equipment advocates one group throughout the dry period, but the number differs from one to three.

The dry period is usually 6-8 weeks and in this period the basis of the performance in the following lactation is settled. In an average herd about 15% of the cows are dry (Marcussen & Krog Laursen, 2008). In many herd the dry cows are set aside, that means setting aside 15% of your herd, at the time when they are preparing for their next lactation. The recommendation for number of groups differs depending on country traditions or reasons for grouping. If you look at recommendation for feeding, some companies selling feeding equipment advocates one group throughout the dry period, but the number differs from one to three.

Sheep production is the only animal production in Sweden that is increasing. Therefore,increasing knowledge of the production is of great interest. In order to run a viable sheepproduction, producers needs to be successful in the breeding of the animals and achievean economic surplus in the end. Lambs that are born healthy and vital have greaterconditions to perform high lamb weight gains and thus a successful production. Thereare many factors affect the survival, birth weight and early weight gain of the new bornlamb.

Sheep production is the only animal production in Sweden that is increasing. Therefore,increasing knowledge of the production is of great interest. In order to run a viable sheepproduction, producers needs to be successful in the breeding of the animals and achievean economic surplus in the end. Lambs that are born healthy and vital have greaterconditions to perform high lamb weight gains and thus a successful production. Thereare many factors affect the survival, birth weight and early weight gain of the new bornlamb.

The aim of the project was to study the effect of oral administration of glucose and leucin on the resynthesis of muscle glycogen after intense exercise in Standardbred trotters. In a crossover design, 11 Standardbred trotters performed a standardized exercise test on two occasions in order to deplete muscle glycogen. The exercise test comprised a warm up period, 7 repeated bouts of exercise on an uphill 500 m slope, and a recovery period. After the exercise test horses received: 1) a solution of glucose and leucine via a nasogastric tube at 0 minutes and at 240 minutes post exercise and a single bout of glucose at 120 minutes post exercise or 2) water (placebo) at 0, 120 and 240 minutes. Blood samples for measurement of glucose and insulin concentrations were collected at rest, when the horses returned to the stables directly after exercise and throughout the 6 hour recovery phase. During the first recovery hour, samples were collected every 15 minutes and then every 30 minutes over the next 5 hours.

We are living in a multicultural society where people from other countries and other cultures are coming to Sweden, including children. Regardless of reasons why these students have come to Sweden, it is common that they are newly arrived and have to learn a second language, in this case Swedish. This will be a challenge, opportunities and difficulties for the student, students? families and for the school and their staff.The purpose of this essay has been to illumine the teaching methods, models and what materials are used by teachers today to contribute to the best possible second language learning for newly arrived students. In this essay the focus has been on one theory and several model-based approaches.