Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) is used in the prehospital environment, and describe how patients 40 years and older with acute chest pain describe their pain with help of VAS. Further, to investigate how the literature describes other instruments to evaluate pain. Method: This was a descriptive study and used both literature and empiric material as foundation. The selection consist of the paramedics medical record from one emergency department, 100 men and 100 women with chest pain witch had been transported with ambulance to one hospital in middle of Sweden. A literature review was done in order to see what previous research recommends for pain rating scales.Results: The study showed that 71 (35 %) of 200 individuals pain were rated with VAS according to the guidelines for the ambulance department.

The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how medium-sized construction companies adapt and how they choose to reorganize their operations in relation to the recession. The study has as its theoretical starting point theories about organizational learning, the impact of the economy on construction companies and strategies for dealing with recessions. The method used to conduct the study was semi-structured interviews with representatives from 15 different construction companies. The results of the study show that they used several strategies to adapt and reorganize the business in accordance with the recession. Some construction companies had to make cost savings as a result of the recession.

This paper aims to examine performance monitoring in project organisations. The number of organisations that regularly performs projects as a key part of their operations grows rapidly, why this topic has become of large interest. Through a theoretical framework developed by Lars Östman in 1977, the performance monitoring system of the Swedish government-owned public utility Svenska Kraftnät is studied closely. The results from this analysis are then linked to an analysis of the organisation's internal structure through Mintzbergs generic organisational structures. Close connections are found between organisational structure and performance monitoring, which leads on to interesting observations about the connection between size of a project organisation and choice of monitoring method..

This report is a thesis on requests from Sandvik Mining and Construction (SMC) in autumn of 2012. The goal of this work was to study the feasibility of creating and implementing an Equalized preventive maintenance program in SMC maintenance operations and reduce downtime for preventive maintenance (PM). To investigate whether this was possible, the authors studied the current procedures for the PM. The authors have collected and analyzed all relevant information within the maintenance department reporting system as well as through interviews determined whether it is practical to introduce a Equalized PM programs. The authors had also studied the possibilities to entrust part of the maintenance work to the operators of the machine cells.

It is common that patients experience emotional reactions as agony and anxiety after an acute myocardial infarction. Only a few studies related to the support in the acute stage have been made. The aim was to describe how nurses declared their support to patients with acute myocardial infarction in the acute stage. The used method was semi structured interviews with seven nurses in an Emergency ward in South of Sweden. The material was processed and analysed with inspiration from content analysis and produced two main themes.

Most companies have a bottleneck in their production, that is a constraining re-source. When the demand is higher than the capacity in the constraining resource it is impossible to produce the demanded output. This problem leads to delayed deliveries, unhappy customers and ultimately to decreased revenue. Bottlenecks therefore has a significant role in production and must be handled thereof.MW Power in Sävsjö, Sweden designs and manufactures water and steam boilers for the customer's unique needs. MW Power invested in a new plasma cutting ma-chine but the machine has not reached the expected capacity.

I dagens Sverige är det ovanligt att möta döden på nära håll. Många nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor saknar erfarenhet av att möta döden och döende. För att kunna ge en god professionell omvårdnad är det viktigt att ha bearbetat sina tankar och känslor inför döden. Denna litteraturstudie syftar till att undersöka vilka känslor sjuksköterskan upplever vid mötet med döende patienter, om det finns några skillnader mellan förväntade och oväntade dödsfall samt vilka copingstrategier sjuksköterskan kan använda för att hantera de känslor som uppstår i samband med dödsfallen. Resultatet delades in i åtta kategorier av negativa och positiva känslor.

This study compares the sample variance of the mean in a simple random sample (SRS) and a systematic sample from a surface. The study also compares the prediction error variance in a SRS and systematic sample from a random field. Recommendations are presented on which method to use in the clearance and exemption process in the nuclear industry. The results indicate that quadratic systematic sampling outperformed SRS in most instances and proved to be especially efficient in the presence of a long-ranged covariance function and high sampling intensity (i.e. short distances between observations).

Patienter kommer till akutmottagningar med stora variationer av sjukdomar, skador, ålder och psykologiska tillstånd. Arbetet på akutmottagningen är ofta mer inriktat på de medicinska aspekterna av omvårdnad. Det är patientens upplevelser av omvårdnaden som fungerar som en bedömning av hur bra omvårdnaden utförs. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva patientens upplevelser av omvårdnaden på akutmottagningen. Den metod som använts är en litteraturöversikt av tolv artiklar med kvalitativ eller kvantitativ metod.

Den första process som möter den akutsökande patienten på en akutmottagning är triaget, vars syfte är att bedöma patientens medicinska tillstånd. Att hänvisa en akutsökande patient till annan vårdnivå är ett komplext beslut, som ska fattas med kunskap, erfarenhet och med respekt för den enskilda patienten. Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskornas upplevelse i hänvisningssituationen av akutsökande patienter, med Triagehandboken som beslutstöd. Metoden var kvalitativ med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta sjuksköterskor på en akutmottagning i södra Sverige inkluderades i studien.

The purpose of the work is to highlight schools work to prevent bullying and abusive treatment, find out about schools work to prevent bullying and abusive treatment follow what is written in the governing documents and how schools can work preventively against the same. The questions have been investigated through qualitative interviews and analysis of documents or in the theoretical background. The interviewees and partially schools were selected through an arbitrarily selection. In each plan against abusive treatment states that the monitoring and evaluation should be conducted in a manner that is not consistent with the responses from leisure educator 1, 2 and 3. School B's plan does not contain an overview of the measures needed to prevent and stop abusive treatment of children.

This thesis is the final part of bachelors program of Nuclear Engineering at UppsalaUniversity (program code KKI1). The work has been carried out in cooperation withForsmark Kraftgrupp AB. The topic studied deals with possible improvements ofefficiency at the planning department at block 2 in Forsmark i.e. FMP2.FMP2 plans and coordinates over 3,000 operations which is carried out during theannual overhaul of block 2 in Forsmark. Inspections, fuel replacement and repairs areincluded in the annual overhaul.

In the last decades, lean production has proven to be one of the most important organizational paradigms in manufacturing. The lean concept has also spread into the service industry where it is applied within a range of different areas. The wide applicability of lean principles has spurred the authors of this study to apply the principles in the context of the operations of a Swedish remand prison. The thesis examines the process a client of the remand prison Häktet Kronoberg goes through from the time of arrest until he/she is released or convicted and transferred to jail. Based on lean tools and principles, the thesis maps and analyses this process.

The purpose of this work is to providing a general set of base classes for building simulators, for example a robot system. Instead of every time building a new simulator from the beginning, you get the already completed components from a library. The library should in that way act as a springboard for development.To do this work, there?s a lot of knowledge required in how a general robot system could look like. Therefore it was necessary to gather some information about robotics.

This study aims to examine the effect the evaluation system used by the Stockholm County Council, has on how the healthcare providers themselves conduct the evaluation regarding their own operations. This is done through a qualitative case study of the evaluation systems of the Stockholm County Council and of four primary healthcare producers concerning one primary healthcare contract. The evaluation systems were analysed using Merchant and Ver der Stede's (2007) framework for different types of control. In order to give a more detailed picture this framework was complemented with different types of performance measurement. The evaluation that the Stockholm County Council conducts was found to have little influence on the providers own evaluation with the exception of the quality indicators that are rewarded with a monetary bonus..