Studien avser att studera effekterna av arbetsplatsförlagd fysisk träning 2 x 60 minuter/vecka i 7 veckor hos personer med stillasittande arbete påVO2max, rörlighet, uthållighetsstyrka och kroppssammansättning. Vi använder oss av en kvantitativ metod som består av datainsamling genom tester före och efter träningsperioden för både interventionsgruppen (n=25) och kontrollgruppen (n=11). Resultaten visar på signifikanta skillnader hos interventionsgruppen på variablerna VO2max (p=0), visceralt fett (p=0,001), fettmassa (p=0,001), vikt (p=0.006), Body Mass Index, BMI (p=0,005), uthållighetsstyrka enligt Sörensens isometriska uthållighetstest (SIU) (p=0) och Trunk Curl Static Endurance test (TCST) (p=0,045), rörlighet i halsrygg (p=0,010) och rörlighet i hamstringsmuskulatur via Sit and reach test (p=0).  Inga skillnader ses i blodtryck och, skelettmuskelmassa i armar, bål och ben. Inga signifikanta skillnader ses hos kontrollgruppen oavsett variabel. Slutsatser av studien är att man kan se effekter genom denna typ av intervention på flera olika variabler och förslag till framtida forskning är att försöka utesluta samverkan av andra faktorer för att ge en mer exakt bild av den fysiska träningens effekter på arbetsplatsförlagd träning..

Denna kvalitativa studie handlar om några behandlares upplevelser och erfarenheter kring vilka personer som hamnar i missbruk av anabola androgena steroider(AAS). Den belyser även vilken behanding som finns för problematiken. För att erhålla empiri används semistrukturerade intervjuer på fyra personer som arbetar med behandling av AAS. Resultatet visar att man kan kategorisera AAS-användare i tre olika grupper. När klienter kommer till behandling är det viktigt att man ser till helhetsbilden och att man ser varje individ för sig.

The swedish law against female genital mutilation (FGM) prohibits procedures that removes parts of the female genitalia and thereby makes permanent changes in the body. The problem with the wording of the law is that it may also apply to the western phenomenon cosmetic genital surgery. This paper therefore examines if cosmetic genital surgery should be covered by the swedish law against FGM, by making a critical comparing analysis. The paper begins with comparing FGM with cosmetic genital surgery to prove that there are more similarities than differences between the procedures. By using the theoretical perspectives universalism and postcolonialism, the paper then examines why, particularly in the West, there is a different approach to FGM than to cosmetic genital surgery, regardless of the similarities of the procedures.

The complexity of the mast cell is becoming more prominent. From being the cell recognized just to contribute to allergic inflammation it is now also associated with wound healing, protection against tumor growth and in recognition and defense against a wide range of pathogens. The location of the mast cell in the barrier between the external and internal environment of the body enables the cell to quickly respond to invading bacteria, virus and parasites. Diarrhea due to Escherichia coli infection, listeriosis, toxoplasmosis, Newcastle disease and bovine respiratory syncytial virus are examples of mast cell activating diseases that can affect animals in, as well as outside, the agricultural sector. Additionally, ticks and tick-borne diseases are of concern.

AbstractThe signification of the eyesight for children?s development and learning- how do pedagogues support and stimulate children with defective vision in their development and learning in pre-school?These issues are based on my purpose of the field survey investigations, where I have interviewed three pedagogues and also performed an observation.My main conclusion and results describe that the vision is the high-powered engine in children?s development and learning. It also tells us that those around the children are very important for optimum development and learning, especially when it comes to supporting and stimulating children with defective vision in their necessities. Our other senses are a compensation to make it easier for children with defective visions in their lives. But all our senses are equally important for children with defective vision as they are for seeing children in their development and learning with their whole body in pre-school.Keywords:Eyesight, children with defective vision, development and learning in pre-school, pedagogues, pedagogical support and stimulation.

Denna rapport beskriver en produktutvecklingsprocess som behandlar utvecklandet av ett textilt material som isolerar och skyddar. Det textila materialet ska fungera till ett kylande fodral utan att förstöra dess funktion och behöver därför uppfylla en speciell kravspecifikation. Materialet ska isolera mot kroppsvärme, vara stabilt, skyddande och slitstarkt. Dubbelväv valdes tidigt i arbetet då det är ett enkelt sätt att kunna påverka det textila materialets egenskaper i form av material- och konstruktionsval, i en betydligt större utsträckning än i en enkelsidig väv. För att utveckla ett material med de efterfrågade egenskaperna har tester utförs och den metod som har använts är hypotesprövning.

Today, many veterinary hospitals offer rehabilitation as a service. We think that this is an interesting subject and therefore we want to find out what rehabilitation methods that are available in Sweden for dogs and horses. We want to give animal nurses and other persons who have animals as an occupation an survey that shortly describes how the methods are performed, what physical effect they have in the body and to give examples in what conditions they are used. To find out what rehabilitation methods that are available we sent out two different questionnaires, one to hospitals/clinics for small animals and one to hospitals/clinics for horses and other companies that works with rehabilitation of horses. The information about the methods described in our project we have found in literature and on the Internet.

Background: In Sweden and Norway planned home birth is not included in the health care system. In Denmark women with expected low risk birth have the right to choose home birth. Registrations of home births in the Nordic countries are not completed and women?s experiences of planned home birth in Scandinavian context are not earlier described.Objective: The aim of this study was to describe women?s experiences of planned home birth in the Scandinavian countries.Design: Inductive content analysis. Fifty-three Scandinavian women who have experienced planned home birth have replied an open question in a questionnaire.

In this multistudy the aim was to measure the effect of mindfulness and yoga in negative stress. Is it possible for yoga and mindfulness to increase awareness and acceptance to inner and outher circumstances? Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown good results in how to cope with negative stress and how to stay calm in a stressful envirorment. The qualitative study where Visby Yoga Center and Stockholm Yoga Shakti attended in a survey. Correlation showed no relationship between stress and mindfulness and no significant value, n=20, Cohens d=0,16.

Previous studies have shown positive results on the use of music as postoperative pain relief. Quantitative studies have examined the effect of music on rated pain and otherparameters such as anxiety, relaxation and blood-pressure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expectations and experiences of patients and nurses onimplementing music as postoperative pain relief in an orthopedic unitQualitative design and semi-structured interviews were used to examine expectations and experiences. Five patients and five nurses in the unit were interviewed.Four themes developed during the data-analysis. These themes were ?Expectations on music as postoperative pain relief?, ?Experiences of music as postoperative pain relief?,?Effects of music as postoperative pain relief? and ?Continued implementation of musicas postoperative pain relief?.

The standard model concerning the relationship between perception and motility is linear and one-way. It depicts the flow between the two as moving from sensation to perception to representation to computation, and finally, to motility and action. According to this model, animal being is basically a bundle of reflexes. But what can correctly be considered a bundle of reflexes from a natural science point of view, doesn't necessarily have to be true. This conception does not take into consideration the more complex interactions between motility and perception that constitutes, or generates, animal and human beings.

The purpose was to investigate how conversationalinteraction is pragmatically affected in Huntington?s disease; whetherthis can be assessed by means of a questionnaire completed by a closepartner and how the close partners consider communicative ability haschanged since the onset of illness. Three dyads, consisting of a personwith Huntington?s disease and a conversational partner were involved.Conversations were analyzed with respect to the parameters in thequestionnaire and through Activity Based Communication Analysis.The results showed word finding difficulties, impaired turn taking,feedback and body language, repair, articulation and prosody.Agreement between communication analysis and the close partnerreport varied between 54-65 %. The close partners consideredcommunicative initiative, articulation, turn taking and sentenceintonation as much changed.

The use of thin and attractive models to promote companies' products is widespread among marketers. This is true even for companies whose products have little or no association with beauty or body weight. As the proportion of overweight people continues to grow in many developed countries the ideals used by marketers to attract customers strays further away from the actual attributes of the customers themselves. What is little understood is what effect overweight has on the efficiency of the product promoter. Some limited research has studied how the efficiency of the product promoters in printed advertisements is affected by the existence of congruence between the product promoter and the product itself.

It becomes more important to consider different behaviour traits in the selection for dairy cows to be suitable in the production systems of today. The purpose of this investigation was to study the genetic background to behavioural traits and the heritabilities for temperament, rank order, aggressiveness, feeding behaviour and for learning behaviour. Moreover, the genetic correlations to other traits were studied. To be included in a breeding programme a trait needs to have enough genetic variation, a moderate to high heritability or to be correlated to another measurable trait. Behaviour is a quantitative trait affected by many genes and the environment.

The pig industry suffers economical loss due to stillbirths, piglet mortality and low birth weight. This is due to breeding programs that have resulted in larger litters. It has been suggested that these problems are due to the metabolic state of the sow during gestation and the fact that she might not be able to supply her foetuses with enough nutrients for survival and a high and even birth weight. A lot of research has been done to investigate whether body weight and back fat thickness of the sow has any impact on her reproductive traits and if there are any special feed components that improve reproduction. Fibers and unsaturated fatty acids have a positive impact on reproductive traits as long as the sow is fed a sufficient amount of energy and protein during gestation and lactation.