Companies and organizations recognize the importance of collaboration to develop responsibility and ability of change in the workplace. The concept of collaboration was a relatively new idea in business in the late 1980s. In a Nordic context, collaboration is a traditional approach that companies use successfully for competition, survival and development. Collaborative organizational efforts cover management of committed people who can help companies achieve flexibility, customer loyalty, innovation and economic success on a challenging and competitive market. Many theorists believe that collaboration is the key to integrating technology, financial competence and innovation.

The aim of this essay was to create an understanding of teachers strategies to respond to children in economic hardship in school and if these children can participate on equal terms in school. To examine this, we chose to do semi-structured interviews which is a qualitative method. Eight teachers were interviewed from four different elementary schools. In our interviews, we found that all the schools both had elements of inclusion and exclusion, which can result in both equal and unequal terms for participation in school. We also found that the school with the most students in economic hardship had the most inclusive strategies.

The study was performed based on a qualitative method using a hermeneutical approach used to interpret the semi-structured interviews. The study aimed to investigate the Multisystemic therapy (MST) team in Halmstad municipality perceptions on the treatment method multisystemic therapy for youths from the ages of 12-18 years old.The questions were: Does the MST therapists experience that the MST is a method that leads to an improved situation for young people who receive the method? What do the MST therapists describe as opportunities and obstacles in the work with the method?The study builds on previous research on MST and empowerment based on MST. The study shows three therapists and an MST leader's experiences of the treatment and how it is aimed at influencing the parents and the youth for a change. From therapists statements it highlights how the MST method is designed for the young people?s motivation to change by means of the internal and external networks.

That many creative workers have uncertain and uneven incomes is well-established, but how or why they make a living is not. This paper examines the elusive value exchanges between creatives, buyers, consumers, and other economic supporters, and offers a model of how creatives make a living. By mapping income statistics of Swedish creatives together with in-depth interviews some patterns emerge. This, combined with Bourdieu's theories of social, cultural and symbolic capital, and Knorr's objects of sociality, forms a basis for a structured model of value exchange. The paper shows how creative workers create economic and non-economic capital (capitalization), how they advertise this capital (signaling), and how they convert between different types of capital (conversion) in order to make a living.

The gas turbines in the Swedish secondary reserve are reaching the end of their technical lifetime, hence alternative solutions need to be considered. One of the solutions thought to have the greatest potential is the use of so called consumptionreduction. By entering contracts with large consumers, agreements are made to reduce consumption in the event of major disturbances in the power system and thus being used as a secondary reserve. This thesis investigates the feasibility of consumption reduction as part of the secondary reserve. This has been achieved by developing a requirement specification for the disturbance reserve and by studying the technical and economic potential for consumption reduction among a range of consumers.The technical potential for consumption reduction that fulfils the requirements for participating in the secondary reserve are on average 750 MW in SE 3 and 98 MW in SE 4.

The purpose of this study was to examine the resources and barriers that social workers have incorporating the Social Service Act states during meetings with clients, using and developing the client's skills and knowledge, develop their own resources and to promote the use of self-determination. A qualitative study was done by interviewing six social workers working within the in social service?s department for family and individual welfare. Social workers were encouraged to describe and discuss the key aspects of cases that developed positively respectively negatively. Motivation theory, evidence-based practice, empowerment, and expert-expert relationship are the theories and concepts that we used to analyze the material.The study's main conclusion is that the most important prerequisite for positive development of cases is that the social worker emphasizes and stimulates the client's own resources during meetings.

The purpose with our essay was:-          To study how personal assistants understand their occupation role.-          To describe the attitude of personal assistants to the right of self-determination of their care receivers. We have used a qualitative research method called phenomenografic. The empirical material was based on four interviews that served as the data collection methods. The interviewees were four women from two different municipalities of Middle Sweden. The interviewed personal assistants work with adult people who have mental disabilities. As a result we came up with eight categories which showed that personal assistants, despite some difficulties, perceive their careers as crucial for society?s well being. The phenomenon of self-determination was much easier to describe than to put to practice.

Studien är en kvalitativ fallstudie kring brukarinflytande och empowerment på aktivitetshuset Gunnareds gård. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur empowermentliknande metoder tillämpas och hur empowermentarbetet upplevs av deltagare och personal. För att få undersöka detta har vi haft följande frågeställningar? Vilka metoder används vid tillämpningen av empowerment? -Hur tillämpas dessa metoder i verksamheten? ? Kan deltagarna påverka verksamheten? -Hur/Varför inte?? Hur beskriver personalen de begrepp de arbetar med?? Hur upplevs arbetet med inflytande och empowerment?ResultatArbetet med brukarinflytande på Gunnareds gård sker främst genom verksamhetens möten och arbetsgrupper. Ett av de resultat som kom fram i vår studie är hur deltagare och personals uppfattning av möten delvis skiljer sig åt.

This paper analyses education regarding its profitability from an individual?s perspective. The method for conducting the analysis is an ex ante cost-benefit analysis and the time period examined is between the days the education begins until retirement age. The conclusions of this paper are that tertiary education is not profitable for an individual given the conditions stated in this examination. Furthermore the longer the education lasts, the more unprofitable it is.

The purpose of this study is to make a close and critical scrutiny of the EU Lisbon Strategy and the assumption of `sustainable growth´. A basic question is to clarify what is meant by `sustainability´ in the economic and the environmental dimension respectively, and also, to analyse the meaning of `sustainable growth´. Secondly, I try to investigate the relationship between the economical and environmental dimensions of the strategy. Are the goals of the dimensions compatible and mutually supporting or are they conflicting? By illuminating these issues the study moves towards a final set of questions: What are the arguments that encourage or counteract the Lisbon assumption of `sustainable growth´? Is the European Union approaching `sustainable growth´ looking at different economical and ecological indicators? What are the prospects for the Lisbon Strategy as a way towards global `sustainable development´?.

Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka hur socialsekreterare som arbetar inom ekonomiskt biståndupplever sina möjligheter att stödja klientens situation mot en egen försörjning. Dettagenomfördes med kvalitativ metod i form av enskilda intervjuer med sex socialsekreterareverksamma inom ekonomiskt bistånd. Empirin analyserades utifrån innehållsanalys ochresultatet analyseras sedan med känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) och empowerment.Undersökningen visade på att socialsekreterarna upplever sitt arbete som meningsfullt trots attdet är hög arbetsbelastning. De anser att de har en god relation till de flesta av sina klienter,men att de också möter motstånd från klienterna. De upplever att de kan stödja klienterna moten egen försörjning förutsatt att klienterna själva är motiverade till att göra det största jobbet.En fungerande samverkan med andra instanser framhölls som betydelsefull för att arbetet medoch kring klienterna skulle vara som mest gynnsamt.

Begreppet KASAM- Känsla av sammanhang, utvecklades av Antonovsky. En hög KASAM ger en bättre förutsättning att möta livets utmaningar och se dem ur ett meningsfullt, begripligt och hanterbart perspektiv. Empowerment är inom omvårdnad ett förhållningssätt som syftar till att stärka individens förutsättning att påverka den egna situationen. För sjuksköterskan sker detta ofta genom information och undervisning. Uppsatsens syfte är att klargöra hur patientens situation påverkas utifrån KASAM´s tre beståndsdelar, samt hur sjuksköterskan genom empowerment kan stärka dessa komponenter.Metoden utgörs av en litteraturstudie där 15 artiklar granskats utifrån denna studies syfte och frågeställning, med en deduktiv ansats.

The focus of this thesis is the conception of work and the relation between work, economic growth and welfare in today?s Sweden in the editorial of Dagens Nyheter (DN), which is the main morning paper in Sweden.As the theoretical foundation of this thesis is social constructionism and the method being used is critical discourse analysis, the language is considered as an important source for the construction of value and meaning of work. In that context it is important to investigate how DN, by certain ways of representing reality, preserves a certain view of the human being, the society and the economy. Which ideological ideas underlie the conception of work that emerges in DN? What social consequences will these ideas have?The thesis discusses the ?truths? that the editorialists mediate concerning for example the view of the human being as guided by rational choice and the view of economic growth as the main goal for social life.One of the conclusions is that DN considers work as a means for economic growth as economic growth is regarded fundamental for the survival of the welfare state..

Med dagens låga ränta lånar privatpersoner mer än någonsin för att finansiera sina bostadsköp. Denna uppsats behandlar ränterisken en privatperson utsätter sig för vid bostadsköp då denne skall ta lån med fast ränta. Vanligtvis brukar det ta tre månader (90 dagar) från det att köpekontrakt skrivits på till att köpet genomförts. Genom att anta att ränteförändringarna är lognormalfördelade har jag kommit fram till att tvåårs och femårs räntan inte stiger betydande under 90 dagar. Slutsatsen jag dragit är att ränterisken är låg med dagens låga ränta..

Denna studie behandlar EU:s fjäderfänäring och undersöker effekterna av den nya policyn som huvudsakligen består av ett minskat exportstöd. Uppsatsen studerar effekterna på produktion och export. De förväntade effekterna vid ett avskaffande av exportstöd är att både produktion och export ska minska. Denna studie visar, genom att undersöka förändringarna i producerad och exporterad kvantitet från och med 1995 då den nya poliyn började gälla, att i detta fall påverkar andra faktorer produktion och export mer än det minskade exportstödet. Förändringar i konsumenternas preferenser är en faktor som inverkar på produktion och export..