Hur hushållas det med mark och vatten? en studie av tillämpningen av hushållningsbestämmelserna i 3 och 4 kap MB
Fysisk planeringSpatial planning - regional planningHållbar utvecklingSustainability - strategic planningEnvironmental studies - generalRiksintressenNationell planeringöversiktsplan3 kap och 4 kap mbNational planning in swedenComprehensive planning
The national spatial planning guidelines
and the subsequent legal regulation
in the Natural Resources Act and the
Environmental Code has been a part of
the Swedish planning system for almost
40 years. In the recent years, critics have
claimed that the regulations are outdated
and does not work the way it was intended.
This paper examines closer why it is
perceived that the regulations does not
work, with a focus on how the national
interests are managed in the municipal
planning. Why is the national interests
not applied in the municipal planning as
intended? Is the error in the system or in the
implementation of it?
The aim of this essay is to study the gap
between theory and practice by studying
how the land management provisions in
the Environmental Code is applied in five
selected municipalities. The aim is also to
find interesting issues for futher studies of
the topic. The problem is specified as the
differense between how the legal clauses
are applied and how they were intended
to be applied. Amongst other aspects, the
essay studies how the organisation of the
municipality and the political governing
affects the practice.
Three methods is used. Intervention theory
is used to interpret the the Environmental
Code?s land management provisions,
comparative analysis to identify factors
which are likely to affect the municipal
planning and qualitative inteview to attain
deeper knowledge about how the planning is
implemented in the municipalities.
The land management provisions of the
Environmental Code?s 3 and 4 chapters can
be traced directly to the national spatial
planning during the 70?s and 80?s. Since the
national spatial planning until today, several
system models have been used to visualize
the procedure and coordination between
different public agencies. In chapter 5 an
intervention theory is summarized and two
new models are created.
Chapter 6 descibes how the five selected
municipalities have specially accounted for
the national interest in the comprehensive
plan. Three factors are studied; how the
national interests are accounted for in the
comprehensive plan; if all land management
provisions are accounted for; and if the
municipality describes how they intend to
protect the national intresets from palpable
damage. The study shows that three of the
municipalities specially account for the
national interests in a seperated chapter or
annex. Two of the municipalities acount for
all management provisions and three of the
municipalites descibes at least one of the
protection of the national intrerest in detail.
Thus, two of the municipalities are assessed
to have a complete knowledge base in the
comprehensive plan for continuing working
with the national intrerest in detailed
planning and building permit processing.
(94) 7
In chapter 7 a number of factors which are
believed to affect the municipalities way
of account for the national interests are
compared through comparative analysis.
Factors such as population, access to
enhanced knowledge base from a national
agency and political governance is studied
and compared between the municipalities.
Chapter 8 presents interviews with officals
and politicians in the selected municipalities
and county administration. From the
interviews a number of interesting topics are
detected. A good knowledge and planning
base is very important for the municipal
planning, and the comprehensive plan
is important for the land management
provisions to work the way they were
intended.
Chapter 9 presents the conclusion of the
essay. The first conclusion is that there are
a lack of guidelines in the municipalities?
comprehensive plans for how to process
detailed plans and building permits in areas
of national interest. The second conclusion
is that some national interests are descibed
better than others in the comprehensive
plan. The third conclusion is that the couty
board is affecting the way the municipalities
view the national interests.