The purpose of this essay was to illustrate professionals? reflections on the concept early attachment between guardian and Infant, within different family support activities, and how professionals encourage early attachment between guardian and Infant. The mental health state of Infants is an important field of knowledge to explore. Attachment between guardian and Infant is of the utmost importance for the development of children. The questions we had were: What contains the concept early attachment between guardian and Infant from a professional point of view? Which factors have influence on early attachment between guardian and Infant? How do professionals work with early attachment between guardian and Infant? The essay is a qualitative study based on six interviews with two female district nurses, two female social welfare secretaries, a female psychologist and a female social worker.

The overarching purpose of the study was to examine the effects of Infant massage and to put these effects incontext with mother ? child attachment. The intention was also to study whether these effects have any relevancefor social work. This was accomplished by studying earlier research, theory and laws but also through interviewswith mothers who have followed through a course in Infant massage. The main questions of the study was: Afterthe completion of the course and after using the massage technique at home, does the mother experience that thebond with their child is influenced by the technique and are the mothers more apprehensive of their child?ssignals? Has the mothers observed any signals from their Infants during the massage and if so what has beentheir reaction? Does the mothers experience that the massage has provided any physiological effects? Has thecompletion of the course provided the mothers with knowledge that?s had an effect in their ways of parenting? Inwhat way does the earlier research, reports and laws deal with the benefits and risks of a secure or insecureattachment, and can the quality of the attachment have any meaning in the social work? A qualitative approachwas chosen with respondent-interviews.

As a result of directives from EU, with the ambition to reach environmetal goals, The German organisation Passivhaus Institut has defined a passive house. A passive house is a building that is very energy efficient and makes a small impact on the environment. The energy from the inhabitants as well as the appliances & fixtures in the building should equal the energy that is required to heat the building. A Swedish version of the passive house definition has been defined, taking into account the climate conditions and the difference in building regulations.This thesis is a request from Skanska on how it can improve and develop an ongoing passive house project, involving an Infant school. The intention of this thesis is to identify difficulties & display potential development areas for Infant schools.The method of research conducted is as follows: interviews of clients, ventilation consultant, consultant for heating system and an energy calculation consultant, an inspection of the Infant shcool in process, investigation of completed Infant schools and a study of relevant literature.From this research it was found that it is difficult for Infant schools to pass the criteria for passive houses. The conclusion of this thesis provide several guidelines on how to improve the outcome of existing projects & the steps needed to be taken for future development in this area..

Bakgrund: Prematurt fo?dda barn utsa?tts fo?r ma?nga sma?rtsamma ingrepp under sin tid pa? neonatal va?rdavdelning. Det finns behov av att utveckla icke- farmakologisk sma?rtlindring som komplement till farmakologisk sma?rtlindring fo?r denna patientgrupp. Tidigare forskning har visat att inspelad musik under blodprovstagning har positiva effekter pa? prematurt fo?dda barns fysiologiska va?rden samt beteendema?ssiga respons.

The objective for this Master?s thesis is to study literary programs for Infants at six Swedish public libraries, their relevance and importance for Infants and how the Infant?s perspective in the program design and implementation is taken into consideration. The questions I pose are: In which way do the programs take the Infants need for development and their literary prerequisites into consideration? Which functions can the programs have for Infants? I have used a qualitative method, based on deep interviews with six library staff, working with literary programs. A model was developed based upon Daniel Stern?s theories of the interpersonal world of the Infant together with Joseph Appleyard?s reading development theory.

The main purpose was to develop norms for the Five to fifteen questionnaire ? toddlers? version (FTF-S) in children aged 25?40 months. Apartial aim was to validate the language domain of the FTF-S against the linguistic scale in the test Bayley Scales of Infant Development ? thirdedition (Bayley-III). Another partial aim was to analyze parents' experiences of the FTF-S in order to provide suggestions for further development.

Research show evidence for benefits of breastfeeding and that Infant-feeding-plans are supportive. Family-centered care is the theoretical framework. Family support is crucial for successful breastfeeding. It is important that society creates opportunities for mothers to breastfeed and contribute information and support by healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the midwives and child healthcare nurses found that the newest breastfeeding strategy influenced their breastfeeding- and rearing support in the County of Jönköping.

Background: Many women experience high levels of pain after caesarean birth. Adequate postoperative pain treatment is important for the mother to be able to breastfeed, take care of the Infant and experience a positive birth. Objective: The overall aim is to study women?s experience of postoperative pain and pain relief after caesarean birth. Method: A quantitative retrospective survey.

Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence (Ftii) är ett parjämförelsetest som mäter spädbarns intresse för ett nytt visuellt stimuli när detta presenteras tillsammans med ett stimuli redan känt för spädbarnet, kallat nyhetspreferens. Även om Ftii har visat sig fungera väl vid bedömning av spädbarns kognitiva nivå kan testet förbättras på ett antal punkter. För att uppnå reliabla resultat har försökspersonerna ofta testats vid ett flertal tillfällen. För att undersöka möjligheterna att ytterligare validera erhållna resultat från Ftii har en version av Ftii skapats för att utföras med en ögonrörelsemätare. Denna version, kallad Ftii-Ö, har testats med hjälp av en spädbarnsgrupp och en vuxengrupp för att på så sätt utvärdera för och nackdelar med ett test utfört på ögonrörelsemätare.

The birth of a child marks a new era for the parents. It is the beginning of something that will never end, because they will always be the child´s parents. This study investigates what happens when an Infant is born whit Downs syndrome (Ds), and thus does not resemble the child the parents had expected. The purpose of this literature study was to describe the information and the support that the parents of a newborn child with Ds think that they need. The literature search was made in the database of Medline (via Pub Med), Academic Search Elite and manual search.

Every six baby that is born gets colic. It means that the child cries for at least three hours three days a week. For the child?s parents this is one big strain and feelings like despair, helplessness and isolation are common. The nurse?s task is to support the parents through respectful and empathic actions in order to relieve sufferings and increase their feelings of confidence.

Aim: To examine how midwives describe good and safe postpartum care of mothers with Infants in neonatal care, and which prerequisites and obstacles they see to giving good and safe care while minimizing time of separation. Method: Semi structured qualitative interviews with ten midwives at two maternity wards in Uppsala. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and processed by manifest analysis. Results: Three categories were identified, Good and safe care, Organization as an obstacle and The midwife role. Good and safe postpartum care of mothers with Infants in neonatal care required knowledge, appropriate equipment, good guidelines, possibility to see the mother, contact between mother and Infant and good collaboration between the maternity and neonatal wards.

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine if and what kind of scientific evidence there is for the advice that breast-feeding can reduce the risk of sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS). The aim was to investigate research on the subject published in the last 15 years.MethodA systematic review without meta-analysis with relevant original articles published in the last 15 years.Main resultsAfter searching for articles 26 relevant articles were used for this study and two were excluded because of poor quality. Mixed results were shown on breast feeding and the risk of SIDS. Breast-feeding seems to have some protective effect but can?t be separated from known risk factors of SIDS.Plain language summaryBreast feeding can be regarded as a preventive measure against SIDS.

Aim: To examine the reaction of extreme preterm Infants with regarding to body temperature and transepidermal water loss during skin-to-skin care according to Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) during the Infant?s first week of life. Method: This was a descriptive quantitatively designed study, which was a pilot study within the framework of a larger project. Nine children, with a median gestational age of 24.91 weeks, were examined by measuring body temperature (axilla and skin temperature) as well as transepidermal water loss before, during and after KMC. Results: The study showed that skin temperature tended to rise during KMC, especially for those children who were nursed with KMC for more than 60 minutes.

Background:The sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS) has always existed. In the early 1990's, researchers discovered that prone position was associated with a significantly higher risk for SIDS. This resulted in a lowered incidence of SIDS in the world. The campaign showed the value of risk knowledge and risk reducing methods, that's why new information campaigns about other risks regarding SIDS must occur.Aim:The aim was to describe the risk factors and preventive actions for SIDS, and the nurse's role regarding the preventive work. Method: A literature review based on 16 articles based on qualitative and quantitative studies.