Plötslig spädbarnsdöd, ett känsligt ämne
En litteraturöversikt om risker, förebyggande åtgärder och sjuksköterskans roll vid SIDS
Background:The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has always existed. In the early 1990's, researchers discovered that prone position was associated with a significantly higher risk for SIDS. This resulted in a lowered incidence of SIDS in the world. The campaign showed the value of risk knowledge and risk reducing methods, that's why new information campaigns about other risks regarding SIDS must occur.Aim:The aim was to describe the risk factors and preventive actions for SIDS, and the nurse's role regarding the preventive work. Method: A literature review based on 16 articles based on qualitative and quantitative studies. Result: This study shows that there are much more risk factors concerning SIDS than just the sleeping position. Use of a pacifier and breastfeeding have a risk reducing effect on SIDS, meanwhile high tog values, bedsharing and smoking during pregnancy increases the risk. SIDS is a very sensitive subject and parents can react with fear; this implies that the nurse has to have good communicating skills. Individual education gives the best parental compliance of risk reducing behavior regarding SIDS. The information that parents' should be given are risk factors and preventive methods in relations to SIDS. Conclusion: The risk factors and preventive methods that are of importance for SIDS, must be further investigated. Methods for how the nurse can inform the parents' is also a subject for further research on SIDS.