Background: The most energy efficient houses today are so called passive houses. These houses achieve high energy-efficiency partly by having well insulated walls. U-value describes the amount of heat transfered through a building element, the more insulation, the smaller U-value. A typical passive house wall have a U-value of 0.10 W/m2,°C. The passive houses are primarily made as small family houses and not as a block of apartments.

Abstract This degree project examines how much carbon dioxide that emits during the construction phase of a road project. This is to make it possible to compare how the amount of carbon dioxide differentiates between traditional road construction and Swepave construction, which is PEAB?s alternative way to design roads. To make the comparison a calculation tool has been produced. To compare the amount of carbon dioxide emissions a reference project was needed.

Oilseed rape constitutes a good break crop within a cereal dominated cropping system. The normal sowing time for winter rape in Sweden is August. It's a time in the cropping year characterized by a heavy work load, such as harvest and soil management. In addition, it is often a period with large precipitation. Thus, it is sometimes problematic for the farmer to do the sowing of winter rape at the optimal time.

In recent years, the Swedish railway track system has been neglected in terms of capacity and maintenance. To adapt the existing system to current traffic load there is a great need for extensive improvement and maintenance. Shortcomings are especially occurring on older embankments running over soft subgrades. To select the most suitable method for reinforcement of the embankment, it is important to evaluate different solutions from a life cycle cost perspective. In long-term perspective, it is often shown that a method with low investment cost causes a higher maintenance cost and a shorter technical lifetime.

GE Healthcare wants to investigate whether additive manufacturing would be an alternative method in their workshops in the Umea? plant. Additive manufacturing is called 3D printing in everyday language and manufactures details by building them up layer by layer in an automated machine. The purpose of this work is therefore to investigate how mature additive manufacturing methods are and how they could be used at GE.The work has been divided into three parts. The first section investigates how additive manufacturing would work in the production workshop at GE.

Nowadays naval units are participating in international missions, where new and in many cases tougher conditions will affect their propulsion. This essay deals with some of the now developed nanostructure coatings and gives a presentation of how the coatings could function on some exposed parts of the naval powertrain. The essay investigates the possibility that the coatings can be used as a protective layer that will reduce or prevent wear on selected parts of the naval powertrains. As a basis for the essay, nanotechnology is described, as well as different reasons that wear occurs and application techniques for coatings The conclusion is that nanostructured coatings can be applied and provide a much better result on hardness and wear resistance as of naval powertrains compared to micro-structural coatings, both for manufacturing and renovation. The essay presents a few examples of the military utility of the nanostructure coatings as well as suggestions for further research..

GE Healthcare wants to investigate whether additive manufacturing would be an alternative method in their workshops in the Umea? plant. Additive manufacturing is called 3D printing in everyday language and manufactures details by building them up layer by layer in an automated machine. The purpose of this work is therefore to investigate how mature additive manufacturing methods are and how they could be used at GE.The work has been divided into three parts. The first section investigates how additive manufacturing would work in the production workshop at GE.

?Are the headwaters streams at the right position in the map? is a study that has been performed on behalf of Holmen Forest, region Örnsköldsvik. This study will be the basis for deciding if the Hydrology Layer Property map or Holmen Forest map will be used for planning nitrogen fertilization in forestry. The background to this study is that nitrogen fertilization near water will increase the risk of nitrogen leaching out into the water systems, which has a negative impact on the environment. The headstreams positions have been recorded in the field with a GPS and the data analyzed in the geographic information system ArcMap.

Till följd av den hårda utbyggnaden av vårt samhälle åtgår en stor mängd naturresurser. Samtidigt som samhället utveckas sätts allt högre krav på att det ska hushållas med naturresurser, inte minst genom införandet av miljömålet en ?God bebyggd miljö?. Enligt detta miljömål ska användningen av såväl mark som naturresurser ske på ett så hållbart sätt som möjligt. Samtidigt med detta skapar den svenska stålindustrin över en miljon ton slagg årligen, varav en stor del deponeras.

This thesis presents the results from a osteological analysis and a GIS-study aimed to examinedifferences in the located animal bones in different areas of the excavation site of Ajvde.The osteological material came from five excavated square meters on the site and was comparedwith osteological results from other researchers from different areas to create overview and try tosee differences between the areas.The GIS-study took data from all animal bone material excavated on the site, a total of about 2300kilos, and presented them in maps of spatial distribution for each layer (pictures 4, 5, 6 & appendixpicture 1) to see if there were any clusters of activity and changes between the layers. The dating ofthe culture layer and the burial field (pictures 7 & 8) were presented in maps to see if they could becorrelated with what was seen with the animal bones. Pictures of different shorelines were alsopresented (picture 9) to compare with the results that were seen in the changes of animal bones fromdifferent layers.The results of the GIS-study have shown that the activity on the site have moved over time alongthe hight differences of the land. The earlier layers show activity only on the higher elevation butlater moves down, and in the upper layers activity have been all over the excavated area. Clusters ofanimal bones were seen in the so called ?black areas? of the sites (shown in picture 2) but also otherareas contained a lot of animal bones.The results of the osteological analysis have shown that there are differences in what species arefound in different areas.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att via litteraturen beskriva nutritionens betydelse för sårläkning. Studien genomfördes som en deskriptiv litteraturstudie där metoden bestod av att söka vetenskapliga artiklar i databaserna Medline, Cinahl och Academic Search Elite. Sjutton artiklar valdes ut. Resultatet visade att patienter med bensår eller trycksår i många fall inte når upp till de näringsrekommendationer som finns. Det visade sig vara vanligt att dessa patienter ligger vid gränsen för att vara undernärda.

År 2011 asfalterade Falu Återvinning 5 500 m2 för att användas till rötslamkompostering. I samband med detta gav Länsstyrelsen i Dalarnas Län ett utredningsvillkor. Utredningsvillkoret går ut på att Falu Återvinning ska undersöka vad det förorenade dagvattnet innehåller och i vilka mängder, hur stora dagvattenflödena är, vilken påverkan på omgivningen dagvattnet har samt att förslag ges till lämpligt omhändertagande av dagvatten. I dagsläget går majoriteten av dagvattnet till en lakvattendamm och resterande går till Stångtjärnsbäcken, ett vattendrag som är fiskförande.Denna rapport ska fungera som underlag till en framtida utökning av Egenkontrollprogrammet för Vatten på Falu Återvinning med avseende på dagvatten. Egenkontroll innebär att verksamheter som kan medföra olägenheter för människors och miljöns hälsa är skyldiga att kontrollera verksamhetens påverkan.Syftet med examensarbetet var att planera och genomföra provtagning samt utvärdera analysresultat av dagvatten på Falu Återvinning.

This master thesis deals with two case studies in environmental archaeology and battlefield archaeology focusing on two major events in the late history of the Swedish coastal town Umeå and its nearby village Sävar. Established in the early 1600's, Umeå was known for its export of timber and import of cereals. The town has suffered from numerous fires, the fire in 1888 being the most devastating. Few written records of the town remain from before the 1900's. The latest war in Sweden's history is documented in historical sources and took place at Krutbrånet, Sävar where the Swedish troops suffered defeat against the russian forces in 1809.

Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva nutritionens betydelse för utveckling och behandling av trycksår. Studien genomfördes som en beskrivande litteraturstudie. Metoden som användes var att genom sökningar i databaserna PubMed och Science Direct finna vetenskapliga artiklar. Till studien användes 16 artiklar. Resultatet visar att det är av stor vikt att tillsätta extra näring redan när det finns en risk för att trycksår kan utvecklas.

Skedala deponi har använts som en soptipp för hushållsavfall sedan mitten av 1950-talet och 20 år framåt. Sedan 1974 har området använts som en deponi för slagg, slam från rökgasrening och flygaska. Villkoren för deponin ändrades 1993 när inte lakvatten fortsättningsvis fick pumpas till reningsverket. Nya villkor upprättades för lakvattenhanteringen och ett våtmarkssystem anlades. Deponin drivs idag av Halmstads Energi och Miljö AB.