Inom elevhälsan erbjuds alla grundskoleelever Vaccinationer vid flertalet tillfällen. Den som är ålagd att utföra Vaccinationen är skolsköterskan. Forskning visar att många barn känner rädsla inför ?stick?. Det finns risk för att denna rädsla, när den uttrycks, kan ha negativ känslomässig påverkan på skolsköterskan som är ålagd att genomföra Vaccinationen.

Afrikansk vildhund och dhole (asiatisk vildhund) på Kolmårdens djurpark vaccineras mot valpsjukevirus och parvovirus med levande tamhundsvaccin (Nobivac DHP live vet). Djuren vaccineras när de är sövda av annan anledning och inga direkta Vaccinationsrutiner finns. Denna studie visar att valpsjukevaccinet är mycket effektivt, båda arterna får skyddande titrar efter Vaccination. En Vaccination vid tidigast 77 dagar på afrikansk vildhund och vid tidigast 44 dagar på dhole räcker för att uppnå en skyddande titer. Upprepade Vaccinationer ger hos merparten av individerna inte en ökad titer pga. steril immunitet och är därför inte motiverade.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a feline viral disease with high mortality. There is no cure or any effective vaccine available today. Many questions are yet to be answered about this disease and the immune response in affected cats. The aim of the study is to evaluate two different techniques for the study of cytokine profiles in cats vaccinated with a vaccine concept against FIPV. More information about the immune response in these cats could give valuable information to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of an effective vaccine.

Conjunctival swabs from 12 cats in a Swedish animal shelter were analyzed by real-time PCR for FHV-1, Mycoplasma felis and chlamydiae. The purpose of this study was to see whether and to what extent these agents can be detected and if they were detected from cats housed in quarantine or in the adoption department. Samples were first taken upon arrival at the quarantine and then a second sample was taken two weeks after moving to the adoption department, or upon presentation of signs of disease. The cats spent the quarantine period in two separate quarantines: five in a new quarantine (quarantine A) and seven in a room in the old shelter (quarantine B). The difference between these quarantines was that in B the cats were often mixed together ant the hygiene routines were not as good as in quarantine A.

The Northern Raccoon (Procyon lotor) belongs to the Carnivore-family and is a species endemic to North America. Every year hundreds of orphaned raccoon cubs are admitted into the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Minnesota (WRCM), a non-profit organization where all injured or orphaned wild animals are admitted and receive quality health care with the goal of being released out into the wild. The WRCM routinely vaccinate all of the admitted raccoon cubs with a killed feline panleucopenia vaccine, but despite this there are outbreaks of parvovirus infection every year where up to 50% of the admitted cubs have been euthanized or died. The objective of this study was to determine whether vaccinating the admitted raccoon kits has any significant protective effect to developing clinical parvoviral disease. A single-blinded cohort study was designed with two parallel, independent groups. One group was given a dose of killed feline parvovirus vaccine at admission, and the other group was not given any Vaccination at all. Assignment to the vaccinated or unvaccinated group was on a per-litter basis and done randomly by drawing lots out of a box.

Botulism is a serious disease with high mortality that can affect horses. Due to this about 20-30 percent of the horses in Sweden are vaccinated against botulism. The purpose of this study was to see how common botulism is in the Swedish horse population and to se if a connection between feeding with haylage and botulism could be seen. In addition to this, the study aimed to find how common Vaccination against botulism is among Swedish horses and on what grounds the diagnosis botulism is made. Medical records of horses being diagnosed with botulism at all the major large animal hospitals in Sweden between 1995-2005 were searched. In addition to this the database where general practitioners report their cases as well as the cases with botulism reported to the insurance companies were included. The results of this study show that only 0,03 percent of the Swedish horse population has been diagnosed with botulism during the time period this study covers. In all the cases included in this study the diagnosis was made based on clinical signs and in none of the cases verification by isolating the toxin was possible. In all cases where forage is noted in the journals the horse has been feed haylage which indicate that there is a connection between the use of haylage and botulism. Three horses died despite being partially vaccinated against botulism type B which indicate that a correct Vaccination has to be done before the horse get any protection or that the correct diagnosis was not botulism type B..

Media has the power to influences society. Some call them the third power of a state. Through amongst others, the agenda setting theory and the framing theory, this report seeks to understand how media describes the swine influenza and how it uses its power to influence people to vaccinate. As this report will show, there is no doubt that media has had an impact on the Swedish population of which 60 per cent followed through with the Vaccination. Media used an information discourse and attempted to present its articles in an impartial manner and used governmental authorities and experts to support its arguments.

Media has the power to influences society. Some call them the third power of a state. Through amongst others, the agenda setting theory and the framing theory, this report seeks to understand how media describes the swine influenza and how it uses its power to influence people to vaccinate. As this report will show, there is no doubt that media has had an impact on the Swedish population of which 60 per cent followed through with the Vaccination. Media used an information discourse and attempted to present its articles in an impartial manner and used governmental authorities and experts to support its arguments.

Although known and feared for thousands of years, rabies remains a real and present threat to thousands of people, especially in low- and middle income countries. In India, rabies is an endemic disease, causing human deaths every year. The primary mode of transmission is through the bite of an infected dog. Fighting the disease in the dog population through Vaccinations remains the most efficient way to eradicate the disease. The knowledge of rabies in India is unsatisfactory, as a lot of people lack awareness about the severity of the disease and the importance of washing the bitten area and seeking medical attention for post exposure prophylaxis when bitten by a dog.

Kikhosta är en sjukdom som under de senaste åren har ökat i omfattning över hela landet. Under 2014 avled i Sverige två spädbarn i kikhosta. Folkhälsomyndigheten beslutade 2014 att undersöka hur man bäst ska skydda det nyfödda barnet mot kikhosta. Runt om i världen har man valt olika Vaccinationsstrategier för att hantera denna fråga. En strategi är att erbjuda nyförlösta mammor Vaccination mot kikhosta.

Mul- och klövsjuka (MKS) är en av världens mest smittsamma djursjukdomar som leder till stora produktionsbortfall och stort djurlidande. Sjukdomen drabbar både vilda och domesticerade klövbärande djur. Orsaken är ett virus, som det finns sju olika serotyper av. Stora delar av västvärlden är fria från MKS, medan det i Kenya och hela östra Afrika sker flera utbrott varje år. Hur problemet behandlas skiljer sig därmed kraftig mellan Sverige och Kenya.

This literature study describes the ways in which the spread of rabies can be prevented in India, what guidelines are set and also which methods have proved most effective. Every year rabies causes the death of around 20 000 people in India, which makes the prevalence in the country the highest in the world. The main source for human infection is bite wounds from infected dogs. People and animals can be vaccinated both prophylactic and post-exposure prophylactic (PEP), despite this the disease continues to claim high number of victims. The majority of those dying are young men and children from the poorer part of the population. Knowledge among the Indian population on rabies and its transmission routes, wound care and Vaccinations is very limited.

Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka vad som skiljer i personlighet mellan studenter som vaccinerade sig mot svininfluensan och studenter som inte vaccinerade sig. Studien genomfördes genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning på 194 studenter från ett universitet i Svealand. Deltagarna fick besvara psykometriska personlighetstester som mätte känslighet, ångest, depression, sympati och pålitlighet. Därefter utfördes statistiska test i SPSS för att i huvudsak beräkna medelvärdesskillnader.Resultaten visar att vaccinerade studenter är signifikant känsligare än ovaccinerade studenter. Vaccinerade studenter är också mer ångestfyllda men skillnaderna är inte signifikanta.

Mjältbrand är en sjukdom som drabbar både människor och djur. Den orsakas av bakterien Bacillus anthracis som bildar miljötåliga sporer. De kan överleva i jorden i många år och när rätt förutsättningar finns kan vegetativa celler utvecklas och framkalla sjukdom . Mjältbrand, eller antrax förekommer världen över och i Sverige har vi sporadiska utbrott bland framför allt nötkreatur. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att utvärdera hur man hanterat olika mjältbrandsutbrott i industrialiserade länder och vilka lärdomar vi kan dra av det i Sverige, där vi dessutom är styrda av epizootilagen.

Rabies är en virussjukdom som smittar via saliv och orsakar hjärnhinneinflammation hos drabbade individer. Om viruset inte behandlas innan symptom bryter ut leder sjukdomen ofrånkomligen till döden. Rabies orsakar stora problem världen över, men jag har valt att fokusera på Afrika där sjukdomen orsakar cirka 24 000 humana dödsfall varje år. Värst drabbade är fattiga människor på landsbygden. Man räknar med att 99 % av alla humana dödsfall beror på smitta från domesticerade hundar och att 40 % av alla drabbade är barn under 15 år.