This thesis deals with tactics for information seeking in electronic databases. An important aspect is knowledge of the relative value of different subject access points. The method used here is literature studies. Nineteen empirical studies are described and analysed with the purpose to compare the relative value of different subject access points. The studies examined compare the relative value of subject access points in relation to each other or in relation to different scientific disciplines.

The main purpose of this examination paper has been to do a review of recent scientific and evaluated studies performed on children 0-15 years of age, treated with an animal as an assistant to the therapist/professional. The key term is Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT). Our focus has been to describe in what fields these kinds of studies have been performed, what the results are and how effective they have been. As a supplement to our study we have performed 8 short telephone interviews with professionals in the same field of occupation corresponding to the studies we have summarized. Our results concerning the studies show that there has been a positive outcome in the treatment of children and adolescents and AAT.

The aim of this study was to analyze the assessment of the primary school, from the teacher?s perspective. There has been an ongoing discussion regarding assessment and about the purposes of assessment for a long time. But there is a paucity of research on what teachers believe about. This study examined primary teachers? beliefs on major purposes of assessment.Assessment is the process of gathering and interpreting information about students? learning.

Landlocked Tajikistan is situated in Central Asia and is not only the smallest republic of Central Asia, but it is also one of the most mountainous with some of Central Asia?s highest peaks. Tajikistan is currently and historically the most financially disadvantaged country within Soviet Union/Russian territories. Agriculture is the main occupation for more than half of the country?s population. Unfortunately, however, only 7% of Tajikistan is arable land and the agriculture productivity is low.

Det har länge funnits en konflikt mellan kommuners vilja att förtäta staden och de som anser att förtätningen tar av stadens grönstrukturer. Denna uppsats har tittat närmre på denna konflikt och hur den tar sig uttryck i litteraturen och stadsbyggnadsprojekt. En av orsakerna till att denna konflikt uppstår är att strategiernaoch målen för att förtäta staden och för att öka tillgången på grönska hålls separata samt att förtätning ofta prioriteras högre. Då dessa ofta hålls åtskilda kan en av lösningarna på problemet vara att istället kombinera dem och dra nytta av alla fördelar. I likhet med hur Ebenezer Howard ville förena staden med landsbygden kan en av lösningarna på klimatförändringarna och utglesningsproblemen vara att förena förtätningsprojekt med grönstrukturer i olika skalor.

After contacting the company Elite Group Sverige AB, who sells strollers under the brand Crescent Baby, it was determined that the project group were to develop a three wheeled stroller which was going to be Crescents first own developed stroller. Only the frame of the stroller was considered within the demarcation of this project however care was taken to the placement of the carry-cot and the wheels etc. Crescent Baby wished for the frame would be smaller than the competitor Urban Jungle, that the frame would have at least three unique selling points and that the number of unique parts was to be minimized. The work began with information seeking regarding strollers, competitors, independent tests, European standards and consumer interviews. After that a number of concepts were developed and past to Crescent.

Stadsförnyelse i innerstadsnära läge. Utarbetning av en strukturplan för stadsdelen Rothenburgsort i Hamburg..

Att arbeta med levande material i urban miljö blir alltmer till en utmaning för den gröna sektorn. Ett antal faktorer bidrar till att våra stadsträd för en tynande tillvaro eller dör i förtid. För att behålla våra städer gröna behöver vi dels en större mångfald av träd men även uppslag på nya och bättre anpassade arter. Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka hur botaniska trädgårdar kan fungera som en källa till kunskap och erfarenhet för att utveckla trädanvändningen i urbana miljöer. För att kunna svara på frågan valde vi att undersöka tre botaniska trädgårdar i Sverige. Lunds botaniska, Göteborgs botaniska och Bergianska i Stockholm har ingått i studien.

Begreppet biologisk mångfald har länge förknippats med bevarandefrågor som identifiering av skyddsvärda arter och upprättande av reservat. På senare tid har det dock allt oftare hörts tillsammans med begrepp som ekosystemtjänster, och då inte sällan i urbana sammanhang. Som blivande landskapsarkitekt känns det relevant att bredda förståelsen för hur man kan arbeta med ekologiska aspekter och därigenom biodiversitet i en tid som präglas av ett tätt och kompakt stadsbyggande. Detta kandidatarbete fokuserar därför på det utrymme den biologiska mångfalden kan tänkas ha inom urban planering, samt framförallt hur man mer konkret kan skapa stadsmiljöer som också hyser en rik biodiversitet. Två stadsutvecklingsprojekt där man arbetat med biologisk mångfald är Bo01 i Malmö och Norra Djurgårdsstaden i Stockholm. För att hantera frågan i ett planeringsskede har man i båda dessa fall använt en så kallad grönytefaktor, vilken syftar till att öka de ekologiska förutsättningarna genom ett poängsystem för gröna och blå kvaliteter. I Arbetets teoretiska del beskrivs den biologiska mångfaldens värden, i allmänhet och i en urban kontext, samt begreppets komplexitet och den problematik som kan uppstå kring otydliga definitioner. Därtill redogörs för planeringsverktyget grönytefaktor. En genomgång av Bo01-projektets arbete med ekologi och biodiversitet visar på höga ambitioner men varierat resultat.

We came in contact with the project "Grönplan Danderyd" that aims to create a green structure plan for a municipality of Stockholm called Danderyds kommun. Our thesis is a part of this project and makes it's contribution through the gathering and systematization of the knowledge of the functions of an urban green structure. It also makes a contribution through suggesting how this knowledge can be applied during the construction of an urban green structure plan. We found that "Stadens parker och natur", published by the Swedish National board of Housing, Building and Planning, was a recurrent source of information in the green structure plans that we studied. We saw a need of complementary additions and updates to the rather old report and found literature that adds the developments of the last decade. First of all we have chosen to make themes based on the functions of a green structure that were presented by 'Stadens parker och natur'. The themes we suggest that a greenplanning document manage are: Recreation, Pedagogies and Heath, Biological Diversity, Green structure in the History of Building Cities, Cultural Identity, the Health of the City, Biological Technology in the Municipality and Use and the Users. We found good examples of how to handle these themes in documents that handle greenstructure planning from the municipalities of Göteborg, Strängnäs, Eskilstuna, Malmö, Lund, Västerås and Uppsala.

Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka fenomenet Urban Sprawl för att se om det går och få svar på varför Kungsbacka kommun ser ut som den gör idag. Kungsbacka har ett speciellt utseende med en väldigt liten centralort i förhållande till kommunens storlek. De flesta av invånarna i kommunen bor i utbredda villaområden utanför staden. Arbetet inleds med en teoridel som börjar med att beskriva Urban Sprawl i ett internationellt perspektiv för att till sist gå in på vad det har betytt för Sveriges och enskilda kommuners del. När man talar om Urban Sprawl förs ofta tankarna till USA med dess breda motorvägar, stora köpcentrum och utbredda städer.

This thesis rewievs present day research on the settlement of Östra Aros in central Sweden. The thesis deals with the period from late Iron age to about 1270 AD, when the Swedish archdiocese moved to the already existing early-medieval settlement of Östra Aros, thus becoming the medieval town of Uppsala. The basis of the thesis is the study of a variety of source materials, such as artefact studies, runestones, topography and the prehistoric and early medieval hinterland. The thesis centers on archaeological excavation data and dating of settlement structures, particularly focusing on the settlements establishment. Through a critical review of primarily the written record and the archaeological data, the settlements characteristics and functions are discussed, emphasising when and if the settlement could be described as a town, central- or trading place..

The purpose of the thesis is to investigate and analyze how three different actors linked to the urban transformation in the city of Kiruna, in this case LKAB, the Municipality of Kiruna and the County Administrative Board of Norrbotten, believe that the identity of a historical monument that is marked cultural heritage is affected by future relocation. The second part of the study is to investigate the impact the building might have on the city in the future. This study is based on the relocation of Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården.The study is based on a qualitative approach in which five informants from the three actors were interviewed. The interviews have been analyzed through thematic analysis, where a combination of theoretical thematic analysis and empirical thematic analysis was used. The result shows that the new location of Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården is preferred to be in a suitable context close to other cultural buildings. All informants agree that accessibility is a fundamental element in, which a synergistic effect is an increase in visitor numbers.

Everyday life mobility of elderly people ? opportunities, restrictions and sustainable urban visions aim to examine and describe elderly people?s movement patterns, their opportunities and restrictions of reaching high mobility and accessibility, and their attitude towards various sustainable urban visions. This paper is based on an approach of time-space geography as it covers the topic of movements in time-space, explained and developed using the concepts of mobility and accessibility. To examine elderly people?s attitude towards sustainable urban visions, this paper also takes approach on theories such as New Urbanism, mixed-use and the compact city.The method used in the study is an interweaving of a time geographic diary and qualitative interviews, where the respondents are six retired people between 68 and 77 years old living in Gothenburg city.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and develop a workflow for assessing and representing the value of ecosystems to professionals involved in municipal planning. A thorough literature review was conducted and supplemented by interviews and observations. Frameworks for ecosystem service assessments were analyzed and combined with methods in urban planning in order to assess social and ecological conditions. A workflow was set up and methods were evaluated by applying them to a case study in the area Åstråket in Uppsala. Experience from the case study was compiled in order to improve the workflow.Complex assessments were identified and simplified for the method to be useful for practitioners.