During the spring semester of 2012 did Petra Hollsten independently a thesis on reducing the environmental impact of capsule for coffee, tea and chocolate. The work was performed at Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science under the Bachelor of Science program in innovation, technology and design. The project's scope is at 22.5 points.The employment for this project is the company Löfbergs Lila AB in Karlstad. Supervisor at the Principal has been Maria Herou Wallner and Sandra Lyxell, product managers. Supervisor at Karlstad University is Monica Jakobsson, lecturer and program leader for innovation and design engineering program.

Intervjuer med kunniga på AIS-området har utförts parallellt med en enkät riktad till aktiva befäl ute till sjöss. Detta i syfte att ta reda på dels hur detta hjälpmedel bör användas vad avser antikollision, dels hur det faktiskt används i praktiken.AIS, Automatic Identification System, är ett informationsdelningssystem som hjälper fartyg att navigera säkert genom att sända ut egen navigationsdata och samtidigt ta emot motsvarande information från andra fartyg. Systemet nyttjas även som informationssystem för landbaserade stationer såsom VTS-centraler och kustbevakning.Undersökningen har engagerat och visat att expertisen anser att AIS, i många avseenden, är ett bra och användbart hjälpmedel som bör komplettera övrig utrustning vid bedömning om kollisionsrisk. Vidare visar enkäten att ARPA-systemet, trots vissa inneboende brister, tillmäts större förtroende än AIS och AIS-vektorer används därför sparsamt. Enkäten visar även att en stor del av de aktiva inte är främmande för att göra avsteg från sjövägsreglerna emedan expertisen i huvudsak avråder från sådant..

Problem areaAlfa Laval is a world leading company in the heat transfers area and have the vision to continue to be that in the future as well. The company has a lot of press lines where the utilization is high and also has started to become old. Prognosis shows that there is an increased demand of heat exchanger in the future. This increased demand is not something that existing lines will manage. To build new lines cost a lot of money and take time so it is essential that new lines are correct from the start and not need to be rebuilt or a lot of time spent to trim it.GoalThe goal is to achieve 100% theoretical utilization of the press (the press shall press the amount of plates it is designed for).

Arbetet har syftat till att undersöka möjligheter till förbättringar av material och produktionsstyrningen vid ABB Machines i Västerås med målet att skapa underlag för förbättrad planering, minskad kapitalbindning och ökad leveransprecision. Det har omfattat planering från huvudplanering ner till verkstadsplanering och berört materialflödet från underleverantör fram till att produkten är färdig för leverans. Förbättringsmöjligheter inom produktionsteknik eller kvalitetsteknik har inte behandlats. ABB Machines enstyckstillverkar växelströmsmotorer i axelhöjder från 710 till 1250 mm mot kundorder. Leveransprecision mot kund och kvalitet är företagets främsta konkurrensfördelar.

Examensarbetet har syftat till att kartlägga försörjning och lagerhållning av material, som ligger på lineförråd hos ABB Machines, samt utarbeta förbättringsförslag för att minska kostnaderna och samtidigt höja den interna servicenivån. Litteraturstudier har genomförts, inom bland annat lagerstyrningssystem, styrning av lågvärdesartiklar och ABC-analys. För att se hur andra företag har valt att lösa försörjningen av lågvärdesartiklar genomfördes en fallstudie hos ABB Robotics och som komplement till teorin om leverantörsstyrda lager, även kallat VMI, genomfördes en fallstudie hos Motor & Machines leverantör Arvid Nilsson Sverige. Analys av nuläget utifrån litteraturstudien visar på ett antal förbättringsmöjligheter inom områdena lager och lokaliseringen av lineförrådsmaterial, materialförsörjningsflödet samt underhåll av lager. Medellagervärdet för lineförråden är 6,7 M SEK.

This master thesis has three purposes. The first purpose is to give a theoretical background of how to divide up forest estates and to study how the legal system for these matters works. A literature study has been carried out to give the background and a theoretical model has been made for analysing the law cases. The first purpose also partly touched the decision process in dividing up forest estates from point of view of the law of land parcelling (FBL), point of view. The second purpose is to examine effects of a change of production requirements in 3 cap.7 § FBL as regards dividing up forest estates of private forest owners.

The genus Borrelia is a widespread, pathogenic pest and the causative of among others borreliosis or Lyme disease. The vector for the bacteria is the hard tick, Ixodes ricinus and the infection is transferred through a bite. Untreated, Borrelia may cause arthritis, heart damage or neuroborreliosis. Infection is made possible through different strategies for avoiding the body?s complement system.

Quadrotor UAVs are self-stabilizing, autonomous flying machines that has recently become more popular than ever. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles have their roots in the military, where they were developed for use in reconnaissance and combat. During the last few years, advances in the fields of electronic sensors, electric motors and microcontrollers have enabled smaller designs and autonomic flight control even for private use. The quadrotor, which is the particular kind of UAV we are looking closer at in this paper, has 4 rotors in an X-like formation. This configuration has many advantages such as good lift capacity, non-complex mechanical structure and serviceability.In this project we aquired a current overview of the domain and determine whether it is possible to construct a quadrotor UAV designed for use in a WISENET sensor network on a low budget and short time schedule.Based on existing community project AeroQuad, a quadrotor is constructed with a budget of about 500 euro.

Modern forestry requires a high degree of machine traffic for clear felling and scarification operations. The machines most frequently used are big and the traffic often results in tracks on the forest ground. There are many small streams running through a forest, in connection to logging operations, machines might cross these frequently. These crossings could result in the erosion of fine particulate inorganic matter, which ends up in the stream. The aim of this thesis was to give a general description of small forest streams of order-one in the county of Värmland and to determine the frequency of machine tracks in small streams.

In this degree project I write about how the farmers who grows carrots in Sweden get influenced by different rules, investments and demands. The Swedish agriculture are heading towards a harder time, and then you have to find new things to do. Now its hardly no profit to grow grain so you have find other crops. This paper is not a comparison between the contract cultivation to Findus and the cultivation where the farmer maked his products by a own company on the farm. If you have a small processing company on the farm, you have to increase the standard with different certificate. The farmer binds a lot of capital in machines, both field and in the process.

When harvesteing ley there is always mechanical losses from the harvest machines. During the last years the roundbalers with knives,cutting the material-are more common, This use increase the mechanical losses of material. MATERIALS AND METHODS The roundbaler which used in this test was a Krone Vario Pack 1500 Multi Cut. This roundbaler has 17 knives. The theoretical length of cut was 64 mm. During the test we stretched a rubber tarp under the balechamber and collected the materials which fell down from the balechamber.

Några av de ändringar som gjordes 2011 i läroplanen för gymnasieskolan var att vektorer lades in i det centrala innehållet för ämnesplanen Matematik 1c. Denna studie behandlar utformandet av uppgifter som testar elevers förståelse för vektorbegreppet där urvalet omfattar gymnasieelever som har läst eller läste kursen Matematik 1c inom perioden för uppsatsen. Metoden som användes var semistrukturerade intervjuer där uppgifterna agerade frågor och eleven fick svara på följdfrågor så att tankebanor, funderingar och hinder skulle kunna observeras.Svaren som eleverna har gett på de uppgifterna har skapat ett brett spektrum av olika svar, en svarsrymd. Denna svarsrymd har sedermera blivit svarsalternativen till det slutliga test som studien har arbetat fram. Testet har således beprövade uppgifter som är skapade med en rad olika områ-den som utgångspunkter.

 This study was conducted in autumn 2008 on the Company AB, which is currently in a growth phase. The company manufactures hydraulic systems for the heavy vehicle industry and has annual sales of approximately 250 MSEK with 165 employees.The rapid growth and unchanged planning is the starting point for this report. It all began in 2005 when the company received an unusually large order. During this period, the first priority was to satisfy customers and all other focus was disregarded. This has primarily resulted in a messy production and long throughput times.

The aim of this report is to increase the knowledge and understanding of the problems within the production at AQ Enclosure systems, and thereby achieve a more stable flow throughout the whole process, a better working environment and better competition advantages. The internal flow along with the external cooperation is very important for the company, because it views flexibility and short leadtime as it is the most important competitive means. The part of AQ production that?s been investigated is the manufacturing of ATM-machines, where the costumer is Banqit. This company is a rater small company with about 4 % of the world market of ATM-machines.In order to achieve the aim of the report extensive interviews have been carried out with employees at AQ.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) proposes vibration standards for the evaluation for machine damage due to vibration in rotational machines, where some vibration parameters are given to measure the vibrationgrade. This work evaluates the relevance of the vibration standards in hydro plants that are proposed by the ISO, and also investigates if there are methods used in other countries could have greater importance. Through statistical analysis of collected data we got a better understanding of relation among different vibration parameters, and also the importance of correct choice of the parameters for the evaluation of vibration. We have found that the vibration standards available today in hydro plants are not reliable for the judgment of vibration?s grade.