Travelling by train has increased during the last decades in Sweden. This has put pressure on the existing infrastructure and has created problems with delays and cancelled departures. The railway is a complex system with mutual dependencies and high vulnerability for disruptions. The situation for the railway system in the Stockholm region is today strained. The capacity is fully used.

Vad innebär lycka för de arbetslösa boende på orten Bengtsfors som under många års tid kantats av negativa händelser i form av nedläggningar av industrier? Hur ser livet ut för dessa människor, vilka förändringar i vardagen sker när man förlorar sitt arbete? Kan dessa individer känna lycka och uppnå lyckoeffekter under andra förhållanden, utan ett arbete?Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en inblick i hur arbetslösa individer på en nedläggningsdrabbad ort ser på sitt liv, sin lycka och sin framtidstro. Upplevs lyckan annorlunda beroende på kön, ålder, utbildning eller familjesituation?Jag kommer att diskutera begreppen arbetslöshet, motivation, tillfredställelse, identitet och lycka utifrån de utvalda intervjupersonernas vardag och utifrån Abraham Maslows motivations- och behovsteori, Anthony Giddens teorier om identitet, tillfredställelseteorin, den affektiva teorin samt hybridteorin.Sammanfattningsvis visar min undersökning på att kön och ålder inte har någon betydelse för en persons lycka och tillfredställelse. Utbildning och civilstånd visade sig ha betydelse för lycka och tillfredställelse men det verkar vara grundinställningen till själva livet som är den avgörande faktorn.

Uppsatsen handlar om ett projekt som ägde rum på en gymnasieskola i södra Sverige. Projektet syftade till att låta elever, från olika kulturella bakgrunder, lära känna varandra genom intervjuer. Fyra klasser med totalt 38 elever blev givna uppgiften att skriva ett personporträtt om den de intervjuade. Detta gav studenterna möjligheten att lära känna varandra, samtidigt som de fick veta mer om respektive elevs kulturella bakgrund. Min del i detta projekt var att utvärdera resultatet genom att intervjua elever och lärare, för att se vad de tyckte om projektet. Frågan väcktes om hur eleverna upplevde att intervjua en annan elev och vad de tyckte om det de lärde sig om sin intervjukamrat.

The object of this master thesis is to study the reading practices offive women as they themselves remember them from theirchildhood and youth in the middle of the 20th century. The study inparticular targets the respondents? reading in relation to the normsfor girls? and young women?s reading at the time. The thesis takesas its starting point the presentation of the respondents´ readingmemories, based on motifs, preferences and experiences. Equallyimportant is the presentation of the relationship between thesememories and the social discourse their reading practices were partof.

New Age has often been described as a religion pertaining to women and studies has shown that women do indeed constitute the vast majority. A reversal of hierarchy between feminine and masculine attributes and values, common in a modern western society, has also been shown to occur.This study looks at how the feminine is visible in written text and pictures depicting people, more specifically in the periodical magazine Free that has a circulation of circa 25,000. The main bulk of the magazine is advertisements, and one reoccurring part is the article Frimodigt where several of the magazine?s advertisers take part in a short interview. Twelve of these interviews have been analyzed, along with depictions of 518 people from three issues.The theoretical framework that has been applied to the outcome of my analysis has been social constructivism, with particular emphasis on the paper Doing gender by the professors of sociology Candace West and Don Zimmerman.My findings indicate that the feminine, indeed, is thought of as very positive and sometimes contrasted with the masculine.

The aim with this study was to examine what it is that govern the way that municipalities develop the non-institutional care for youth. An extensive development of non-institutional care for children is a visible trend in municipal social service and probable reasons for this development are, among other things, research that show inadequate results of the institution care and economy. Our main questions at issue were how the municipalities argue the priorities that have been done within their youth care services with regard to the non-institutional care and how they reason considering this? Furthermore we asked why the municipalities have chosen to develop their non-institutional care for youth the way they have and on what grounds they make their choices? This study consists of eight qualitative interviews with politicians and employees in four different municipals along with analysis of relevant documents. We have found that what governs the way that municipalities develop the non-institutional care for youth has to do with that the municipalities found it vital to find alternative solutions to the expensive and ineffective institutional care, that they comprehend that the quality of non-institutional care are higher then of the institutional care and that the non- institutional care is seen as more effective with regards to economic results and achieved treatment results.

The object of this paper is concerned with the subject youth and politics. The aim of the paper is to study what influence our today modern societies has between two social landscapes, Greece and Sweden and try to give an explanation to why young peoples political engagement is different in the two countries. To fulfil my aim of this paper I have used a few questions, these questions will give me an insight in how young people look at politics, what their interests are and if they feel that they can and ought to act political. The theoretical starting points I?ve used I?ve chosen with reflection to look at the social landscape we live in and its changes over time.

This essay deals with the various difficulties that can arise in conversations and meetings with parents and colleagues in the preschool world. The essay is based on two self-perceived stories that culminate in dilemmas that are difficult to assess, where our own actions come into question.The purpose of this essay is to gain a greater understanding and awareness of why we become insecure when our communication with others fails. Our research questions assist us in gaining an understanding that our own and others' behavior in meetings and conversations can be influenced by past experience, ourvalues and our emotions. This means, for example, that we must be aware that our values - ideal images, functions as both our guide and trip wires. We must also bear in mind that our ability to manage our own emotional reactions is  significant when it comes to facing our own and others' feelings.

Kustbevakningen genomförde 2011 en strukturell organisationsförändring som avsåg att effektivisera myndigheten för att frigöra resurser till den operativa verksamheten, samt att skapa en mer sammanhållen organisation. Man ville också att myndigheten skulle präglas av helhetssyn för att åstadkomma en Kustbevakning. En bidragande faktor i arbetet har varit den värdegrund som implementerats i myndigheten med ledorden helhetssyn, välvilja och engagemang. Studiens syfte är att beskriva och förstå hur en grupp anställda inom Kustbevakningen upplever den genomförda organisationsförändringen och implementeringen av värdegrunden. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som valts för studien är organisationsteori enligt Alvesson, Abrahamsson, Bruzelius och Skärvad, Angelöws resonemang om faktorer som främjar/motverkar förändringsarbetets framgångar, samt Scheins definitioner avseende organisationskultur. Fallstudien är genomförd utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsansats med semistrukturerade intervjuer samt fokusgruppintervjuer.

Sweden is divided according to an ethnic boundary, which divides people in "we" and "the others", "Swedes" and "immigrants" (Ålund, 2002). We believe this is due to the fact that society categorises immigrants all the time as a homogeneous group with fixed and static qualities, resulting in a situation where you cannot represent yourself as a person. Instead you are represented on the basis of your ethnic belonging. Young immigrants often grow up under other conditions and find themselves in more vulnerable situations than Swedish youths. The purpose with this paper was to investigate young people with different ethnic backgrounds, their thoughts and feelings about their identity, group belongingness and future.

ABSTRACTEssay in political science, C-level by Cecilia HolmbergSpring semester 2006, Tutor: Arne Larsson- Ideological similarities between the Swedish Socialdemocratic and the Swedish conservative party- An idealanalysis of different political issuesThe purpose of this essay is to examine wheater the political ideologies have lost their importance in the Swedish political system. The study will focus on the ideological similarities or differences between the two largest parties in Sweden, the socialdemocratic and the conservative party. Therefore, the main research question is:? Are there any ideological similarities or differences between the socialdemocratic and the conservative party?To be able to answer this question, I have used Herbert Tingsten?s idealanalysis. This type of analysis examines how someone, in this case a political party, describes reality.

In this report female farmers use of technical equipment is investigated. There is little research made on this subject in Sweden, therefore this report can be seen as an explorative study. Research makes it clear that machinery, throughout history and even today, has been seen as a male area. Heavy machines are often associated with the same attributes as masculinity. Force, power, efficiency and control are some examples.

In public libraries there seems to be an unspoken consensus on what literary quality is. At the same time librarians are always eager to express the opinion that quality lies in the eye of the beholder. Quality is, it is said, something that you don t have to define. But at the same time it s up to everyone to decide what quality means to them. What I have been missing from the discussion in libraries about literary quality is a theoretical awareness about what it means to divide literature into higher and lower spheres.

Oxytocin is a hormone which plays a crucial role in many reproductive and behavioural functions. It affects many organs and the classical peripheral targets are the mammary glands during lactation and uterus during labour. Oxytocin receptors have recently been described in a variety of normal tissues and primary cell cultures, but also in neoplastic tissues and established neoplastic cell lines, as breast cancer cell lines. The signalling pathways and biological effects of the oxytocin/oxytocin receptor system seem to depend on species, type of tissue, physiological versus neoplastic state and receptor location within the cell membrane.The aim of this project was to find out if the cell proliferation in the canine mammary carcinoma cell line CMT-U27 was affected upon stimulation of oxytocin, and to investigate the presence of oxytocin receptors in these cells. The cell proliferation was examined by using an ELISA-kit, where the absorbance measured is relative to the amount of living cells.

The public sector is a major purchaser of goods and services. By setting requirements for environmental and social considerations in public procurement, an authority has the possibility to use consumer power to influence the actors in a market. The purpose of this paper is to investigate public procurement of textile products in a municipality, in order to gain knowledge about factors that may be important for the use of environmental and social criteria. Håkan Hydén´s (professor in sociology of law) norm model was used as the basis of the analysis, where the conduct was investigated along three dimensions of the norm ? willingness, knowledge and system conditions ? in order to identify underlying factors that can influence the process.The results ? analyzed by using interviews and documents ? show that the procurer's willingness, motivation and knowledge are important factors in this context, as well as the political priority of the municipality.