Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) is an autosomal recessive inherited defect in the Holstein breed. The defect has lead to structurally malformed calves and losses of pregnancies. To determine the effect of CVM on fertility in the Swedish Holstein Breed 375 Holstein bulls used in breeding by Svensk Avel and Skånesemin were assigned to this study. 228 bulls matched the criteria of birth year, 1995-1999, > 75 inseminations and a known CVM-status. Of the total 228 bulls 53 of them were CVM-carriers and 175 were non-carriers. The SAS-programme was used to determine the effects of CVM-status, the bull?s father and birth year on Non-return rates (NRR) for 28, 56 and 168 days.

With theories of creativity and aesthetic learning processes as a basis, this study explores the usage of the concept of creativity in the curriculum for the Swedish compulsory school (Lgr11) and in the various syllabi?s commentaries and the assessment guidelines for the subject of Sloyd produced by the Swedish National Agency for Education. The purpose of the study is, to examine to which extent an education and assessment that is directed towards the development of creativity among pupils in the subject of Sloyd, is underpinned and supported for in these texts, and furthermore how these wordings relate to the various other subjects? wordings about creativity. Creativity is a concept around which there is no proper consensus.

The essay aimed to investigate whether people choose light products or original products regarding dairy products and beverages as well as the motives for their respective choice. Finally the purpose was to find out where they had obtained the knowledge to make their choice and how they thought media had affected their choice. The method used was a qualitative decsriptive study with three focus groups consisting of six women aged 40-50, six women aged 20-30 and four men aged 25-35. Each interview lasted 2 hours. The groups were a selection of comfort.   The results showed that all respondents choose original products. The primary reason was because they thought that original products tasted better and had a better consistence.

Kalvningssvårigheter och dödföddhet är problem som finns hos svenska mjölkkor och som ökat under de senaste åren, speciellt bland förstagångskalvare. Problemen försämrar kornas välfärd och kostar pengar för bonden. Flera studier har gjorts för att kartlägga så kallade quantitative trait loci (QTL) kopplade till kalvningsegenskaper och många kromosomregioner har hittats som kan innehålla gener som påverkar dessa egenskaper. En viss oenighet finns i resultaten från studierna, men flera studier har hittat QTL kopplat till kalvningsegenskaper på kromosom 4, 6, 7, 10 och 18. Sverige har inkluderat kalvningssvårigheter i det traditionella avelsprogrammet sedan 1995 men inga större genetiska framsteg har gjorts.

Testing has always been an important task in the scope of software quality. Though it has never been as much appreciated within the management of the organisations as the software development has. However testing is becoming more attractive within organisations because it becomes more evident how much money working systems saves in contrast to defect ones. A tester often use testing tools to simplify the work progress. There are a lot of tools nowadays but not many evaluating models which helps the tester to know which one to recommend.

The purpose of this research is to survey and describe some science teachers? conceptions of which assessment criteria they use at the marking process. Questions which are relevant for this research are the following: 1. Which assessment methods form the basis for science teachers? marking process? 2.

AbstractA general store is a grocery store that is located in the countryside. In today's modern society, it is difficult for general stores to compete with the supermarkets and discounters in terms of price and supply. The purpose of this thesis is to create an understanding of both the rural merchants and its customers? perspective on a well-­?functioning general store. We have conducted a case study of three general stores where we interviewed the merchants about how they do to please their customers? needs and identify key elements of a well-­?functioning general store.

Sudoku is a popular game of logic in the form of a puzzle. Sudoku puzzles are printed daily in Swedish newspapers. The challenge of solving these puzzles have inspired many programmers to develop Sudokusolving algorithms. These algorithms use different approaches in order to quickly and efficiently solve the puzzles. One such approach is the use of logical strategies initially developed for human players.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how different kinds of information seekers are evaluating information quality in the information flow online. To address the problem stated, qualitative interviews were carried out with a librarian as a reference person and a group consisting of journalists and scientists. The result of the study implies that the reference person is well aware of the strategies employed by her in the search process. However, the respondents are not aware of the strategies they are actually using. An explanation is the respondents lack of education in information seeking.

This study deals with the contribution of the genetic variant lactase persistence among Neolithic people from the Baltic Island Öland. Skeletal remains from twelve individuals went through DNA sequencing in order to find the mutation that allows adult individuals to digest milk sugar. The twelve individuals were chosen from two different Neolithic sites, where the archaeological and isotopic data suggest that the individuals from Köpingsvik were hunters and gatherers and the individuals from Resmo were early farmers. The individuals with the genetic variant lactase persistence can be described with selection and genetic flow.  Only five individuals produced results and the mutation was found in two of the subjects. All the individuals who were successfully sequenced came from Resmo, whereasno individuals from Köpingsvik yielded any results.

Bakgrund: Temporomandibulära dysfunktioner (TMD) är ett samlingsbegrepp som innefattar störningar i käkleden och omkringliggande strukturer. Tillståndet är vanligt förekommande och ger symtom i form av bland annat smärta, rörelseinskränkning samt låsningar. Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) är ett internationellt använt och validerat diagnosinstrument vid TMD. Med hjälp av detta kan tillståndet delas in i subgrupper. Vanliga behandlingsmetoder är sjukgymnastik, egenvård, bettskenor, mediciner och kognitiv beteendeterapi.

Bakgrund: Temporomandibulära dysfunktioner (TMD) är ett samlingsbegrepp som innefattar störningar i käkleden och omkringliggande strukturer. Tillståndet är vanligt förekommande och ger symtom i form av bland annat smärta, rörelseinskränkning samt låsningar. Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) är ett internationellt använt och validerat diagnosinstrument vid TMD. Med hjälp av detta kan tillståndet delas in i subgrupper. Vanliga behandlingsmetoder är sjukgymnastik, egenvård, bettskenor, mediciner och kognitiv beteendeterapi. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att systematiskt granska den vetenskapliga litteraturen avseende konservativ behandling och dess effekter vid TMD.

The aim of this masters thesis is to examine the picture book canonization process in pre-schools. To succeed in this I have examined what pre-school staff believe to be the criteria of a good picture book. Together with an observation of the pre-schools current collection, other factors which can influence the collection of the picture book are included. This constitutes the foundation for a description of the pre-school picture book canon. To pursue this goal, I have used the methodology of focus group interviews with staff from two pre-schools in a middle-sized town.

This essay deals with the topic options costs and whether such costs would arise for smaller companies now when they have the opportunity to choose not to have an auditor. Small companies are defined as companies that fulfill at least two of the following three criteria?s: less than 1,5 million SEK in balance sheet, less than three employees and turnover less than 3 million SEK. The decision regarding internal revision does not only affect the company itself but also other parties such as the taxation authority, banks and others that can be influenced by the decision. This essays main focus is on the influenced parties, especially the taxation authority and the banks as these have been highlighted in debates in media and because the small companies themselves may have difficulties to foresee the consequences of the new changes. The opinions from accounting companies will be considered in the essay as they can be considered as experts regarding the different aspect within this area.

The aim of this literature review was to describe how the literature presents parents? need for information and how parents perceive the information from care personnel when their child 0-18 years of age is diagnosed with diabetes. The literature search was performed in the databases PubMed and Cinahl. Thirteen articles that met the inclusion criteria were studied. The results showed that when a child is diagnosed with diabetes the whole family faces a new situation and the parents are in great need for adequate information from care personnel to be able to deal with the new life situation and participate in the care.