AbstractOur purpose for making this study is to study the implementation, the use of and the effects of Lean within our case objects.  We chose to make this thesis by case studies. The three themes mentioned above is also the main research questions that we aim to find an answer to by this study. We have chosen to do a cross section analysis where we conducted structured interviews to find answers to these questions. The theoretical reference frame consists partly of traditional theoreticians within Lean but also more recent research within the subject as well as theory specifically for Lean within the Health Care sector.The result of this study shows in all our case studies that the Management has been supporting the implementation, but that the implementation process proceeds faster if also the professionals are involved in the process.  To succeed with the implementation there is a great need for good reasons and strives that can benefit the professionals. By the use of Lean our case studies have evaluated its processes, with the main intentions being to reduce waste activities and to create flows with ?pull systems?.

This thesis of 15 hp has been implemented at Halmstad University, in collaboration with Saab Dynamics in Linköping. Saab Dynamics is a company operating in the defence industry where competition is tough. This necessitates new ways to increase efficiency in the company, which is the basis for this thesis. Saab Dynamics wants to introduce simulation driven design. Since Saab Dynamics engineers have little experience of simulation, required a user methodology with clear guidelines.

Over a long period of time, there has been a rich debate in the academic and financial world if active management can generate an excess return. Many experts say that the current active management strategies is nothing more than a money grab that produces large gains, for banks and investment firms, through high management fees while producing no excess value for the individuals buying their service. In short, an effective market makes it almost impossible for fund managers to produce value for their clients in the long run.No argument has only one side though, other experts say that active management has a role to play because not all investors are rational. This irrationality can lead to mispricing on financial assets in the marketplace and in turn lead to an ineffective market where active management can fill a much needed role. The purpose of this study is therefore to see if active management strategies can create a higher risk adjusted return, taking management fees into consideration, during times of high volatility when the uncertainty is at its peak.

AbstractOur purpose for making this study is to study the implementation, the use of and the effects of Lean within our case objects.  We chose to make this thesis by case studies. The three themes mentioned above is also the main research questions that we aim to find an answer to by this study. We have chosen to do a cross section analysis where we conducted structured interviews to find answers to these questions. The theoretical reference frame consists partly of traditional theoreticians within Lean but also more recent research within the subject as well as theory specifically for Lean within the Health Care sector.The result of this study shows in all our case studies that the Management has been supporting the implementation, but that the implementation process proceeds faster if also the professionals are involved in the process.  To succeed with the implementation there is a great need for good reasons and strives that can benefit the professionals. By the use of Lean our case studies have evaluated its processes, with the main intentions being to reduce waste activities and to create flows with ?pull systems?.

The building industry consumes approximately 40 % of the total energy consumption in Sweden, where the using stage is dominating with 80 %. There is a lot of work in progress to reduce energy use in the building industry, and the demands from authorities regarding energy use increases. As a part of this work Building and planning department of Sweden has established a requirement that has been applied since 2006, and restricts a maximum energy use for buildings.The requirement includes that an energy simulation must be done in advance to demonstrate that it is possible to meet the demands.Reality is however more complex than an energy simulation program, that frequently underestimates the energy use of buildings. The purpose of this thesisis to study and analyse deviations between estimated and actual energy use in modern apartment buildings. The study includes four apartment buildings in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Jönköping that were built in 2007-2009.

Det finns idag väldigt många olika handelsföretag, vilket medför att konkurrensen om konsumenterna är stenhård. Butiker använder många olika former av marknadsföring för att nå fram till sina respektive målgrupper, marknadsföring är ett väldigt brett begrepp och involverar många olika åtgärder som butiken kan använda sig av. Det här arbetet fokuserar på tre olika former av säljfrämjande åtgärder som är relativt vanliga idag. Det som studeras i denna rapport är huruvida kupongerbjudanden, SMS erbjudanden och erbjudandet ?tag 2 betala för 1? påverkar olika konsumenters beteenden och om de blir mer benägna till köp när de utsätts för dessa.

Sweden has long had access to low electricity prices due to the wide availability of hydro and nuclear power. This has now changed because of today's rising electricity rates resulting in increasing heating costs for properties, especially in the properties with electric heating systems."Ankaret" is a parish for "Svenska Alliansmissionen", which is located at "Gullbrannagården".The parish has installed electrical radiators and an exhaust ventilation system that makes the energy demand high due to the large ventilation flows. The building was built as the price of electricity was still low and would reduce energy use today by combining its heating system with an air/air heat pump. The heat pump delivers more heat into the room than the electrical energy that it uses. This lowers the electricity needs.

Producing a building is a long and complex process. It consists of several parts, from the feasibility study and design stage onto the construction and finally the management of the building. The design process is a critical part of the process where construction plans are made. The quality of the plans affect the production phase in great extent and faulty plans can pose a risk for extra costs for all parts in the process. The cost of producing dwellings has increased the last years and the detail design process is one of many phases where improvements can mean cost savings within the whole building process.This report aims to point at parts within the detail design process which could be more efficient, regarding communication, follow-up and time planning, and to give suggestions for improvements.

Titel: Företagens sociala ansvarstagande och inverkan på kunders beteende- En kvantitativ studie på sparbankskunderNivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomiFörfattare: Axel Svensson och Robin StoltHandledare: Agneta SundströmExaminator: Jens Eklinder FrickDatum: 2015 ? juni Syfte: Syftet med studien är att förklara och testa om det finns ett positivt samband mellan kunders beteende och sparbankernas arbete med filantropi, strategisk filantropi och Corporate Citizenship. Ett delsyfte är att beskriva vilka specifika aspekter av dessa CSR-perspektiv som påverkar kundernas beteende i störst utsträckning.Metod: Studien utgår från en deduktiv hypotetisk forskningsansats och kvantitativ forskningsmetod. Data har samlats in genom enkäter vilka delats ut på tre olika sparbankskontor. Analys av data sker i programmet SPSS för att kunna undersöka sambandet mellan sparbankernas sociala ansvarstagande och dess inverkan på kundernas beteende.Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet visar att positiv korrelation på en statistiskt säkerställd nivå föreligger mellan samtliga av våra testade CSR-perspektiv och kundernas beteende.

Nyanländande Generation Y håller på att positionera sig på arbetsmarknaden och omfattas av individer födda inom intervallet 1980 ? 1995. Det återfinns dessvärre ytterst lite forskning gällande generationens investeringsbeteende. Mestadels av tidigare forskning har hittills handlat om hur tidigare generationer, så som Baby Boomers och Generation X, tenderar att investera. Denna studie har därför försökt bidra till att fylla ut tomrummet i kunskapen beträffande Generation Y.Studien utreder investeringsbeteendet hos Generation Y genom att undersöka hur specifika karaktäristika påverkar deras sä?tt att investera.

Bakgrund och problem: För att uppnå målkongruens har banker ofta valt att användasig utav ett belöningssystem som innebär extra ersättningar utöver den fasta lönen.Metoden har diskuterats flitigt i media och i den allmänna debatten har man ifrågasattom handlingar som belönats i företagen bidragit till målkongruens. Det har påtalats attde resultat som belönas inte alltid stämmer överrens med företagets mål och visionerför verksamheten. Kritiken riktar in sig på risken att det utvecklas ett kortsiktigttänkande inom företag som använder belöningssystem. För att bemöta kritiken och fåmedarbetarna att bättre prestera i enlighet med företagets mål och strategi behövs enöversyn av effekter av belöningssystem. Utifrån detta resonemang fann vi det intressantatt studera hur medarbetarna i Avanza Bank påverkas till att nå företagets mål ochundersöka om ledningens intentioner med vald metod infrias..Syfte: Syftet med vår uppsats är dels att beskriva hur belöningssystemet ser ut inomAvanza Bank och dels att undersöka om Avanza Banks valda metod har avsett effekt.Detta gör vi genom att undersöka hur belöningssystemet påverkar medarbetarna att nåmålkongruens.Avgränsning: Vi valde att avgränsa vår studie till att omfatta ett företag.

A study to optimize insulation thickness for stock-, industrial- and office-buildings for external walls and roof in an economical perspective has been conducted on behalf of DynaMate. DynaMate?s role is to maintain all Scania?s buildings. Analysis has also included other parts of the building envelope, such as windows, exterior doors and industrial doors. In this thesis, three different types of exterior wall constructions has been investigated, these are a sandwich design consisting of sheet metal and a another one consisting of concrete, as well as a wall of concrete with a coating of plasters.

The importance of energy- and environmental issues has increased, and the work towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions plays a major part. The European Union has set up goals for the membership countries to work towards this to happen. The carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden have been reduced the last few years, but there is still a lot to do. About 30 per cent of Sweden?s carbon dioxide emissions generate from energy usage related to housing, this is why the housing sector is of interest to examine.

Idag är företags årsredovisningar ett viktigt instrument för att minska den osäkerhet och informationsasymmetri som existerar mellan företag och investerare. I denna studie ses därmed agent- och principalteorin som den överordnade teorin då studien utgår ifrån att företagsledningen i det valda tjänsteföretaget innehar mer information än investerarna. Till skillnad från tidigare, då innehållet i årsredovisningar till stor del endast innehöll finansiella redogörelser, så fungerar årsredovisningar idag som en viktig marknadsföringskanal för företag. Årsredovisningar ska informera investerare om företagets verksamhet samt därmed legitimera företaget. Denna kommunikation till investerarna via årsredovisningar är en svår och komplex uppgift, speciellt i tider som karakteriseras av ekonomisk kris.

Lower energy use in buildings is a result of increasingly stringent energy requirements across Europe. When conventional district heating technology is used in areas with low energy consumption heatlosses do not fall even though the amount of energy delivered is reduced. This reduces income for thedistrict heating company. To maintain their economic viability the district heating companies? majorchallenge is to implement new solutions that minimize heat loss.