The aim of the present study was to estimate the correlation between Euro NCAP pedestrian rating scores and injury outcome in real-life car to pedestrian crashes, with special focus on long-term disability. The study also surveyed most frequently injured body regions and risk differences for specific elements of pedestrians hit by cars. Another aim was to determine whether Brake Assist systems affect the injury outcome in real-life car to pedestrian crashes and to estimate the effect in injury reduction of a high Euro NCAP ranking score combined with Brake Assist.In the current study, the Euro NCAP pedestrian scoring was compared with the real-life outcome in pedestrian crashes that occurred in Sweden 2003-2010. The real-life crash data was obtained from the data acquisition system STRADA, which combines police records and hospital admission data. The medical data consisted of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) diagnoses and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) scoring.

Bakgrund: Välbefinnande berör alla yrkeskategorier, inte minst hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Det är viktigt att uppleva välbefinnande för att kunna utföra god omvårdnad. Ett nytt mätinstrument kallat Job-Related Social Well-Being Scale (JSWS) har utvecklats av Ali Kazemi och har testats bland personal inom skolan och industrin men inte inom hälso- och sjukvård. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att bland hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal undersöka applicerbarheten hos ett mätinstrument avsett att mäta socialt välbefinnande på arbetet. Metod: Denna pilotstudie hade en kvantitativ ansats.

Barn använder låtsasleken för att undersöka samspelet mellan människor och göra det mer begripligt. Rollspel är en typ av låtsaslek för vuxna. Studiens syfte var att undersöka om rollspel förbättrar vuxna människors mentaliseringsförmåga, samt metodutveckling och generellt utökande av kunskap. En undersökning genomfördes där rollspel användes som verktyg för att försöka förbättra mentaliseringsförmågan. I grupper om fem personer genomfördes en intervention bestående av tre träffar om vardera tre timmar.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness training in the treatment of chronic pain, estimate the degree of mindfulness before and after intervention, and to describe the participants experience of mindfulness training. Mindfulness is defined as moment to moment, non-judgmental awareness. After the treatment of chronic pain 16 patients were offered and nine agreed to participate in mindfulness training. The intervention group took part in an 8-week group-program. The comparison group, not randomized, was 16 former patients.

In Sweden there are 1894 small-scale hydropower plants in operation, which together generate 4.3 TWh of electricity per year according to Swedish hydropower compound (SVKF, 2011). This corresponds to the annual consumption of about 860,000 Swedish households (based on an annual consumption of 5000 kWh). In the mid-1950s there were around 4000 small-scale hydropower plants in operation in Sweden before cheap fossil fuels and uranium competed with them, in the current situation only 1,894 of these are in use. If slumbering small hydropower plants once again would be taken into use and some new ones are built, we would be able to extract about 7 TWh of renewable electricity from these annually in Sweden, representing about 1.4 million households.The thesis intends to calculate and construct a hydroelectric power plant at the existing dam in Olofsfors and give suggestions on how the power station should run during the time that fish migration is greatest in Leduån.The turbine and generator to the station in Leduån at Olofsfors is designed by the height of the fall and the water flow through the dam. The turbine selected for the station is a CK-1000RM turbine with a 4-pole 250 kW generator from Cargo & power turbine Sweden AB, which is expected to deliver 1.2 GWh per year.

In the forest sector, non-industrial private forest (NIPF) owners commonly interact with numerous stakeholders (e.g. forest managers, timber buyers, harvesting contractors and advisors) for counseling, planning, selling and hiring. Forest management is therefore built and influenced by the relationships between NIPF owners and other stakeholders. In the local context of a Southern Sweden, the Swedish Forest Agency (SFA) and the Southern Forest Owners Association (SÖDRA) are very influential stakeholders in small-scale forest management. Based on qualitative interviews and by means of grounded theory, an analysis of the relationships between NIPF owners and the mentioned organizations was carried out in order to understand the social context at the genesis of forest management decisions.

Syftet var att undersöka skillnader mellan olika studentgrupper uppdelat efter år av arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder. Detta för att se om arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder hade någon betydelse för studenters interna motivation, externa motivation, amotivation och kontrollokus. I tvärsnittsstudien deltog 71 studenter (60 kvinnor och 11 män) från en högskola i Mellansverige och deltagarnas ålderspridning var 19-47 år. Undersökningen byggde på två enkäter; The Academic motivation scale (AMS-C28) for college students (Ryan & Deci, 2000) och Academic locus of control scale for college students (ALC) (Trice, 2013). Statistiskt signifikant skillnad fanns mellan en studentgrupp som var 19-22 år gamla och en studentgrupp som var 26 år och äldre på kontrollokus, där resultatet visade att den äldsta gruppen upplevde mer externt kontrollokus än den yngre gruppen.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can limit patients physical abilities and contribute to social isolation. The purpose of this literature study is to investigate men's and women's experiences of living with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease, and the supporting and guiding role of the nurse to an increased quality of life. 13 critical reviewed articles were used to find the answers to our questions. Quality rating forms were used in order to guarantee a good scientific quality. The results show that, it is of great importance for the COPD-patients well-being to experience social support from those around them, and to have a close relation-ship with their families and friends, in order to experience quality of life.

This essay is an attempt to give indications of how pupils in the ninth grade value the arts subjects in Swedish schools. We believe that the subjects in arts education is mainly seen as ?fun? subjects rather than ?important? or ?useful?. However, this is not an attempt to find out the pupils view in a national scale, but instead an attempt to show what pupils may think and how this may affect the art subjects value..

Detta examensarbete behandlar föräldrars erfarenhet av behandlingsprogrammet Parent Management Training - Oregonmodellen (PMTO). PMTO är ett kliniskt behandlingsprogram för föräldrar som har barn med beteendesvårigheter. Syftet var att utreda föräldrars tillfredsställelse med PMTO och samarbetet med terapeuten, samt att undersöka sambandet mellan tillfredsställelse med behandling och behandlingseffekt, och sambandet mellan behandlingsresultat och föräldrars tillfredsställelse med det terapeutiska samarbetet. Tre enkäter besvarades av föräldrar. Två av enkäterna mäter förändring i barnets externaliserande och internaliserande beteende (Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL) samt social förmåga (Social Skills Rating System, SSRS).

Hopp och Självkänsla är två begrepp som studerats länge inom positiv psykologi och Hoppteorin av Snyder och kollegor (1991) förklarade hur egenskaperna hänger ihop. Hopp är ett begrepp inom kognitiv motivationsteori och definieras som den generella upplevelsen att ens mål går att uppnå medan Självkänsla är upplevelsen av det egna värdet. Hopp består av två komponenter:Agency och Pathway. Pathway är vägfinnande tänkande och Agency den motiverande komponenten. Föreliggande studie syftade till att undersöka sambandet mellan Hopp samt Hopps två komponenter med Självkänsla.

According to old european tradition the ideal national state has a unified people, but in reality practically all states has one of several minorities that to a smaller or greater degree differs from the majority. One such minority that have been present in many countries and managed to avoid becoming completly assimilated are the jewish people. Their dream of a state of their own eventually lead to the founding of the state of Israel where they themselves are now in majority. The purpose of this report is to study how the jews historic experiances has affected the political parties in Israel, how they choose to meet the ?challenge? of their own minorities och whatever they treat different minorites differently.

With higher prices for oil and increased focus on fossil fuels impact on the environment the heating sector are searching for alternative fuels. Pellets are a quite new product whose production has risen exponential in recent years. Today there are small-, medium-and large-scale users, where the large-scale consumers are the heating sector. The heating sector is mainly using oil to cover the increased demand during cold periods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential of pellets if it would replace thermal power plants oil and coal. The study will also analyze the economic impact a conversion would mean for a heating plant and if the pellet is a reasonable substitute. 2008 statistics from the Swedish district heating association were analyzed and a calculation was performed to determine how many tons of pellets is needed to replace coal and oil.

Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om en höjning respektive sänkning av ett kreditbetyg, runt publiceringsdatumet, medför onormal avkastning på den underliggande aktien. Vi har även för avsikt att undersöka om det finns något samband mellan ett företags soliditet samt branschtillhörighet och storleken på den onormala avkastningen. I uppsatsen används en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats. I undersökningen har vi endast använt oss av sekundärdata i form av vetenskapliga artiklar, börshistorik, Internet etc. Undersökningen baseras på en eventstudie som undersöker om någon onormal avkastning uppstår.

Since prehistoric time man has used wood to build their environment. The material?s availabilitycombined with its good mechanical properties has often made it the material of choice. Like allmaterials exposed to natures degradative processes the properties of wood decreases over time.Rot, UV radiation and attacks by insects and pests damage wood if not protected. Since we wantwhat we build to consist, optimizing our building materials durability is of great interest.Techniques and methods for increasing the endurance of wood have been developed in severaldifferent places and for a long time.