Skalväggar består vanligtvis av två betongskivor 45-75 mm tjocka med en luftspalt emellan. Skalen i väggen hålls ihop med armeringsstegar. Luftspaltens bredd beror på väggens totala tjocklek och gjuts i på plats. Målet med detta arbete är att undersöka skalväggens egenskaper då luftspalten inte ingjutits med betong. Om skalväggen visar sig ha god hållfasthet och bärförmåga kan den börja användas istället för massivväggar.Beräkningarna för bärförmågan utförs delvis med FEM program (Finita Elementmetod program) och delvis med kompletterande handberäkningar.

The purpose of this study is to understand and get increased knowledge about what it means to see artists as brands. What are the typical assets and what kind of advantages and disadvantages are distinctive when it comes to applying a brand perspective on artists. Brands are an important part of our lives today, and the benefit of seeing a company as a brand has made that not only big companies are interested in building brands. Beyond companies even persons now want to become brands. The new perspective in seeing persons as brands is interesting and something that made us curious to investigate.

The current election is causing a debate in the Swedish media. The parties are trying to convince voters by spreading interesting and informative messages through different kind of media. Social media has emerged as a new way of reaching voters. All the current parliamentary parties have implemented this communication channel into their marketing strategy. People have both admired and judged the channel´s applicability in election campaigns.

Problemställningar:Hur arbetar sportföretag med Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?Hur är CSR-arbetet hos ett sportföretag sammankopplat med deras varumärke och varumärkeslojalitet?Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att få en djupare förståelse om hur ett av de största sportföretagen, som tillverkar sportutrustning och kläder, arbetar med CSR samt hur de förhåller sig till fenomenet. Vi vill även undersöka hur ett sportföretags CSR-arbete är sammankopplat med företagets varumärke och varumärkeslojalitet. Vi vill vidare undersöka om ramen för teorin kan jämföras med hur sportföretag arbetar med CSR i verkligheten.Teoretisk referensram: I detta kapitel presenteras den existerande teorierna kring begreppen Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sportföretag och CSR samt varumärke och varumärkeslojalitet. Detta kapitel har väsentlig betydelse da? det ligger till grund för studien och hjälper oss att ge klarhet inom ämnet.Metod: Fallstudien har genomförts med en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod och en deduktiv ansatts.

The consumer of today is bombarded by an increasing number of commercial messages, which makes it harder and harder for brands to cut through the clutter. Because of this, new methods are developed and introduced to the market every day. One of the most widely discussed of these methods is guerrilla advertising. Even though the method has received numerous praises there are not any academic proofs supporting these arguments. The authors, of this thesis, have examined if guerrilla advertising is more or less effective compared to traditional advertising and what the reasons for the result are.

Titel: Stadsdelen som varumärke - Invånares uppfattningar om Gävles stadsdelar Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Martina Engebretzen Jonsson & Josefin Lundström Handledare: Jonas Kågström Datum: 2013 - Augusti Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete är att analysera hur varumärket för en stadsdel uppfattas i en medelstor stad och om undersökningar som tidigare gjorts på länder och städer kan appliceras och tas ned till stadsdelsnivå. Metod: I den här studien kommer en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats att användas. Vidare kommer det positivistiska synsättet att ligga till grund för utformandet av studien. En enkät har utformats, utifrån en modifiering av City Brands Index, anpassad för stadsdelar. Resultatet på enkäten har sedan sammanställts och analyserat i statistikprogrammet Minitab samt Excel där ett nytt index tagits fram.Resultat och slutsats: Vi kan se att det föreligger uppfattningar som gör stadsdelarna till ett varumärke.

Denna rapport redogör för skapandet av varumärket Deco Retro. Samt den tillhörandedesignprocessen för att skapa en visuell identitet och profil för varumärket. VarumärketDeco Retro togs fram som ett undervarumärke till Kitsch Sweden AB som behövde ettvarumärke som passade deras nuvarande och framtida produkter. Deco Retro ska bidra meden stärkt identitet och värde för de produkter som ska säljas under varumärket. Designarbetetkring varumärket strävade framförallt efter att kommunicera den idé, identitet och de värdensom under projektet tagits fram för varumärket, samtidigt som det ska ha bidragit med enestetiskt tilltalande grafisk design.

This study has researched different motivations for user participation in brand related activities on social media. The study used three types of participation to evaluate motivations for user participation. These types were the following: consuming content, contributing to existing content and creating new content. An online questionnaire was distributed on brand Facebook pages and was used as a foundation for two focus group interviews that were then held. The goal of the study was to see what motivates user participation, in order to aid companies and organizations in understanding users.

Purpose;the purpose of this study is to investigate whether a product ad observer's purchase intention, perception of product quality, brand image perception and price perception is affected depending on the size of the text that was used in the ad to communicate the product price.Methodology;the study was conducted using a quantitative method through a survey. The implementation of the study has been done by using three variants of the same suit ad where the three different variants have been manipulated on the text size on the price information, by reduced / increased the text size. The implementation has also been carried out using two different ad sender, with three ads for each sender.Result and conclusion;the text size on the price of a product ad mainly affects the observer's price and quality perception, where the small text will have a positive effect on quality perception and a negative effect on the quality perception. Even brand image changes depending on the text size where small text will have a positive effect..

An individual´s health is an important quality and asset to the individual, as well as to organizations and communities. The health of a human being is affected by the whole life situation, where the work place forms a significant part. The work place is an arena that can contribute to creating ill-health. In the light of increasing work- related ill-health in our society, it is important today to work with health-promoting initiatives in order to improve the well-being of people. It is advisable that an appointed key person at the work place works with health-promoting efforts.

Internet and social media have opened up new possibilities for companies and organisations tocommunicate their brand. It only takes a few seconds to communicate the message of a website to theuser. This indicates the importance of having the intended message of the website communicated clearlyin order to give the user a correct impression of the company or the organisation. When it comes to theconcept design of a website, it?s important that all different parts is presented uniformly.

In this study I analysed how burning affects sprouting ability and survival of oak (Quercus robur) during the first season after a burn in southern Sweden. The study consisted of two separate field tests; in the first, two 300 m2- plots in western oak dominated forest were burned to analyze the fire behavior and the immediate mortality of oak and beech seedlings defined as individuals (> 20cm of height). At the end of the season almost 50% of the oak seedlings had resprouted while the beech seedlings had 100% mortality. An attempt to investigate the effect of the burn of artificially sown acorns was totally ruined by wild boar grouting before any conclusive results could be seen. In the second test the resprouting ability of oaks of varying diameters (average BHD 7-9 cm, range 2-42 cm) was examined one season after a prescribed burn in southeastern Sweden.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine posts on bookblogs about the book, Cirkeln by Mats Strandberg and Sara Bergmark Elfgren and see how it has distributed amongst readers through social media and reader response. We want through this examine whether bookblogs have a place in the literary society, and in such cases, how this may take place. The Swedish Online bookshops Adlibris and Bokus is being used to find the blogposts to be examined in this thesis. The analysis is being implemented using content analysis and constructed encoding schemes. Interdisciplinary topics, like LIS and sociology of literature may have similar points of contact, which we want to highlight with this thesis.

Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån intervjupersonernas perspektiv undersöka vilken betydelse sociala och ekonomiska utbyten har för en organisations möjlighet att attrahera redan anställd personal. Detta eftersom mycket tidigare forskning kring ämnet är av kvantitativ art och inriktad på att attrahera potentiella rekryter snarare än redan anställd personal. Denna studie jämför även likheter och skillnader mellan chefer och personal. För att undersöka hur en organisation kan attrahera redan anställd personal tas avstamp i hur tidigare forskning redogör för hur fenomenet employer brand image används. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för studien är att individer i sociala interaktioner gör utbyten där något ges och fås.

The purpose of this article is partly to find out how the burial grounds are used today and the needs of its visitors, but also to develop the character and expression of future burial grounds. My suggestions focus on burial grounds without religious attributes; something that, according to the burial law (Begravningslagen, 1990:1144), the manager of the burial ground is ordered to obey. In my design I aim to fulfill any requests regarding the place of burial that have been raised during my study. I have chosen the history of burial grounds as my starting point and will subsequently discuss their significance in today's society. I describe what distinguishes the burial ground throughout history from medieval times and onwards. Tradition and religion are closely linked regarding burial rituals.