Multinationella företag och utländska direktinvesteringar blev ett nytt fenomen efter slutet på andra världskriget. En revolutionerande globalisering började ta form där företag ökade sina marknadsandelar genom investering och flytt till nya marknader. Denna globalisering kom inte att ske på Irland förrän på mitten av 1960-talet. Innan dess var landet slutet och nästan varken någon export eller import skedde. Idag har Irland blivit ett av de mest framgångsrika länderna i världen med att locka till sig utländska direktinvesteringar och multinationella företag.

The Nord Stream natural gas pipeline has been a controversial project. The debate was primarily escalated by Poland's strong negative reaction to the project in the spring of 2006 over safety and security and then alternated back and forth in Europe until the approval by the nations most concerned in the Baltic region during the autumn of 2009.In the case study an approach is used that primarily maps out the media image of the various viewpoints that deal with the pipeline and how these viewpoints position themselves, primarily through political and environmental dimensions. Simultaneously there?s an attempt to map out the spatial spread of the media image views as to the proximity and distance to the pipeline in Sweden, Poland and Germany. A key question is whether distance or proximity to a large facility can affect people's attitudes.A parallel focus of the study is to explore the role of the Nord Stream natural gas pipeline in the cross-border hinterland region of Szczecin-?winouj?cie.

This master thesis deals with two case studies in environmental archaeology and battlefield archaeology focusing on two major events in the late history of the Swedish coastal town Umeå and its nearby village Sävar. Established in the early 1600's, Umeå was known for its export of timber and import of cereals. The town has suffered from numerous fires, the fire in 1888 being the most devastating. Few written records of the town remain from before the 1900's. The latest war in Sweden's history is documented in historical sources and took place at Krutbrånet, Sävar where the Swedish troops suffered defeat against the russian forces in 1809.

The limit for mercury in fish, set by health authorities, is exceeded in about half of the lakes in Sweden. Methyl mercury (MeHg) is the most toxic form of mercury and accumulates in fish. Therefore transformation of inorganic mercury (Hg) to methylmercury (MeHg) is an important process that we need to understand in order to possibly counteract the negative effects of mercury in the environment. The seasonal dynamics of mercury biogeochemistry is likely of great importance for the accumulation of MeHg in the aquatic food web. In thesis the chemical speciation and transformations of Hg and MeHg in bottom waters and sediments is followed in Ängessjön, a small lake located on the east coast in the middle of Sweden. The lake is not directly affected by any industrial pollution and concentrations of Hg in the sediment reflect the atmospheric deposition in this area, as well as processes taking place along the hydrological pathways from soil to lake. Samples from sediment, bottom- and streamwater were collected in average every second month during the period Feb.

Public libraries are mainly employing women and have female managers. According to theories based upon so-cial construction we create our roles together in our society. The role of a manager has for a long time been viewed as the role of a man. The objective of my thesis is to gain knowledge on how a few women that work as managers in public libraries perceive and describe their roles. A parallel aim is to let a few future librarians de-scribe their managers and their own views on leadership, with a focus on gender issues.

This diploma work project is a product development project which purpose is to redesign a braking system for a walking frame. The system that was developed diverges the force from the user to braking power, and includes a service brake as well as a parking brake. The most important components of the system are a grip handle on where the user holds on to and a braking handle on which the user operates the brake from. The system also includes a power transmission component, braking package and other mechanical components. All of the components wasn?t developed in this project, several off them has been reused from the existing system.This product has been developed to meet the requirements and standards presented from the principal, Ahlberg Leber.

The climate issue is a significant question, and the problem is mainly caused by human activities. Everyone can help to counteract the enhanced Greenhouse effect by reducing the amounts of energy they use and by not consuming more products then they need.Schools are some of societies many consumers and therefore contribute to the Greenhouse effect. The School also has an important task; to teach and disseminate knowledge and information about the climate and the environment. According to the Swedish National Agency for Education, Skolverket, must all schools regularly consider the environment and sustainable development throughout the entire education process. Unfortunately, this is not the case for many schools in Sweden today.One of many tools that can be used to coordinate environmental work and initiatives, and also to make it more efficient, is environmental management systems.

Parallel to new technological advancements, including the development of interactive recommender systems, digital music services on the Internet, such as Spotify, have in a short time span gradually replaced former physical media such as CDs and MP3-players and become pioneers on a market with an otherwise uncertain future. By subscribing to the service, users have access to a vast library of music and from any device with Internet access. In order to provide a satisfactory and useful musical experience, different ways of coping with the vastness is required - which is precisely what recommender systems are for. Improved filtering techniques and use of devices built in sensors, make way for new opportunities of more precise and contextually tailored suggestions for track selection, which in turn leads to potential privacy issues when using interactive music services. But where do we stand today? By compiling, exemplifying and discussing three different perspectives with relating to the development of interactive music recommender systems, the objective for this paper is to provide a for science, industry and user, objectively nuanced account of current potentials and expectations.

I dag arbetar konstruktionsavsnittet vid BAE Systems Hägglunds i Örnsköldsvik i stor utsträckning digitaliserat med 3D-modeller och data för att skapa konstruktionsunderlag. Funktioner som följer efter konstruktion så som produktionsförberedelser och produktion har dock ännu inte övergått till att kunna ta emot och nyttja den typen av digitaliserad data och pappersritningen är därför fortfarande en viktig leverabel. Att gå över till ett digitaliserat flöde av data från konstruktion till produktion skulle kunna ge betydande effektiviseringar och kortare ledtider i produktframtagningsprocessen.Syftet med detta examensarbete var att utreda vilka lösningar som finns tillgängliga på marknaden i dag samt hur dessa skulle se ut och fungera hos BAE Systems Hägglunds. Examensarbetet skulle också undersöka vilka för- och nackdelar som finns med dessa lösningar samt vilka merkostnader och besparingar som finns. Examensarbetet riktades mot det egna montaget vid företaget i Örnsköldsvik.För att uppfylla dessa syften har en omfattande nuläges- och omvärldsanalys genomförts.

Swedish forests are dominated by just two conifer species Norway spruce and Scotch pine. They are not able to achieve the highest possible production or fulfill industry demands for raw materials. The introduction of exotic conifers can potentially meet these shortcomings and present a relevant solution. This study was conducted in a block experiment with ten blocks planted in 1987 by SCA in North Sweden. The objective of the block experiment was to study if Black spruce is an appropriate alternative to Lodgepole pine, Norway spruce and Scotch pine on different site classes.

For Skattkärr IF a turf field with warming has been projected to increase field?s utilization hours and to have a longer period for athletes to perform their activities outdoors. The technique chosen to heat the plan is a type of a geothermal heating system without a heat pump. The brine, which is water with 30% ethanol, collects heat from the borehole and discharges it to a coil in the field. There is at position 11 boreholes but it is planned to increase the number to 31, which is the design for the facility.

De senaste åren har konkurrensen inom textilbranschen ökat avsevärt. Produkter på modemarknaden är fler. Den förändrade efterfrågan ifrån kunder innebär att kunden kräver nyheter oftare och det har lett till snabba trendväxlingar. Ledtider måste kortas om modeföretag ska vara beredda på de snabba trendväxlingarna. De korta ledtiderna ställer krav på effektivitet och flexibilitet i företagens processer.

Studien är skriven på uppdrag av Kubera konsult, som är ett konsult företag specialiserade på att hjälpa mindre och medelstora företag i Norrland att börja exportera.De senaste åren har export och import ökat i snabb takt och handeln i Sverige består idag av två tredjedelar av Sveriges bruttonationalprodukt. Trots de senare årens utbredning av den globala marknaden samt en allt mer utökad forskning inom internationalisering så finns det ännu väldigt lite fakta och studier om vad som påverkar vissa företag att börja exportera, medan andra med till synes samma förutsättningar väljer att avböja.Studiens syfte är att utvinna en ökad förståelse i vilka faktorer i pre-exportprocessen som påverkar att små och medelstora företag i Norrland slutligen väljer att exportera eller inte, samt vidare hur dessa påverkar företagets väg genom pre-export processen. Vårt mål med denna forskning är att den ska vara till kunskap åt norrlänska företag och organisationer inriktade på att utöka exportverksamheter inom olika områden.Vi har valt att applicera teorier kring områdena företaget, beslutsfattaren och stimuli. Där vi utifrån dessa delar jämför och granskar fyra företag som undersökt/undersöker möjligheten med export samt fem företag som aktivt bedriver export. Samtliga forskningsobjekt i studien är små och medelstora företag, grundade och stationerade i Norrland.

This study has been conducted on behalf of Vectura Consulting AB with the purpose to examine how different actors perceive the dimensions of sustainability and sustainable construction. The purpose is also to provide an understanding of existing barriers and opportunities for sustainable construction within the industry and exemplify with different directions for the actors in order to develop sustainability. The study has approach the research problem by using systems theory, developed by Checkland, to identify the relevant system. Other systems theories has been used as an theoretical framework in order to identify barriers and opportunities, which in this study are based on Hughes?s theory about reverse salients and salients.

The requirements for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are gradually increasing, partly because of higher incoming loads, which in turn require a more efficient treatment process. In parallel with environmental and economic goals there are also desires to lower energy consumption without compromising the wastewater treatment. Furthermore, there is a demand on WWTP´s to alter eutrophication in aquatic systems through better nitrogen and phosphorus removal. An increasing number of WWTP´s have acquired biological nitrogen and phos-phorus removal. A by-product of this type of biological treatment is the formation of nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas.