Inledning: Som svar p? den l?nga traditionen av mejerikonsumtion producerar varum?rket Oatly alternativa produkter framst?llda p? havre (Oatly, u.?). I ett samh?lle som k?nnetecknas med h?rd konkurrens mellan f?retag och ett marknadsf?ringsklimat med medvetna och kr?vande konsumenter ?r det sv?rt att sticka ut och positionera sig (Hamzah et al, 2014). Oatly anser sig vara en drivande akt?r (Oatly, u.?) i debatten kring mejeriprodukters klimatp?verkan och har en m?ls?ttning att f?r?ndra beteenden i syfte att minska konsumtion av dessa produkter.

Future emission legislation puts great emphasis on increasing the efficiency of the engine, thereby reducing fuel consumption. The tribological contact between cylinder liner and piston ring is where an great amount of energy is lost due to friction, and by reducing these losses an reduction in fuel consumption can be achieved.The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the tested piston ring coatings against a plasma sprayed cylinder liner and rank these combinations of materials for friction and wear resistance. The coatings that were tested was Cr + Al2O3, (Al,Cr)N, two types of CrN and WC / C.The experimental tests were performed with a so-called pin-plate, where used oil with addition of an acidic mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid to mimic the acidic condensate formed when exhausts recirculate, were added with a continuous flow. The results were then analyzed by weighing, studies by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profile measurements.The results from each material combination were that the plasma coated cylinder liner wears too aggressively in order to yield a ranking of the piston ring coatings based on the parameters of friction and wear resistance. It is therefore proposed that an alternative coating on the cylinder liner should be developed, lacking the large abrasive wear on piston rings and that can withstand the corrosive environment resulting in engines equipped with EGR.

Denna uppsats handlar om hur artisterna Håkan Hellström och Ken Ring konstruerar diskurser kring maskuliniteten i sina musiktexter. Utifrån poststrukturalistiskt influerad teori kring feminism och maskulinitet görs en komparativ närläsning som bildar en tematiskt uppbyggd studie. Utifrån det för artisterna gemensamma temat utanförskap visar studien att utanförskapet hos Ken Ring är relaterat till en känsla av maktlöshet. Denna kompenserar Ken genom att konstruera maskulina diskurser med ett överdrivet anspråk på det som den europeiska kulturen förknippar med maskulinitet och genus. Detta kan kontrasteras mot Håkan Hellström som i sitt utanförskap konstruerar maskulina diskurser där ?omanlighet? och ett kärleks- och sexualitetsbegrepp där ?jaget? blir könsmässigt tvetydligt, står i fokus.

Nematode-transmitted plant viruses (such as nepoviruses) cause great economically losses in commercially important plants such as tomatoes, grapevines and raspberries all over the world. To avoid spread of the viruses the interest in mapping the viruses has increased. One of the important nepoviruses infecting European red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) is Tomato black ring virus (TBRV). TBRV has earlier been confirmed in raspberry samples from Belarus by ELISA and the aim of this bachelor degree project was to confirm these results by amplifying, cloning and sequencing the coat protein (CP) gene of the virus. In total eight viral cDNA samples, from two different raspberry samples, were amplified and sequenced.

Future emission legislation puts great emphasis on increasing the efficiency of the engine, thereby reducing fuel consumption. The tribological contact between cylinder liner and piston ring is where an great amount of energy is lost due to friction, and by reducing these losses an reduction in fuel consumption can be achieved.The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the tested piston ring coatings against a plasma sprayed cylinder liner and rank these combinations of materials for friction and wear resistance. The coatings that were tested was Cr + Al2O3, (Al,Cr)N, two types of CrN and WC / C.The experimental tests were performed with a so-called pin-plate, where used oil with addition of an acidic mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid to mimic the acidic condensate formed when exhausts recirculate, were added with a continuous flow. The results were then analyzed by weighing, studies by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profile measurements.The results from each material combination were that the plasma coated cylinder liner wears too aggressively in order to yield a ranking of the piston ring coatings based on the parameters of friction and wear resistance. It is therefore proposed that an alternative coating on the cylinder liner should be developed, lacking the large abrasive wear on piston rings and that can withstand the corrosive environment resulting in engines equipped with EGR.

Denna studie baseras pa? ett intresse att underso?ka fo?ra?ndringar och likheter inom marknadsfo?ring av kataloghus mellan 1960-2010. Genom en litteraturstudie och en utfo?rlig studie av sma?huskataloger under denna femtioa?rsperiod har vissa slutsatser kunnat dras. Resultaten visar ba?de pa? likheter och skillnader i marknadsfo?ringen.

Background: When a child ends up in a hospital the whole family will be affected. The family?s situation can be turned upside down and the daily life can be affected. The nurse needs to have a holistic approach when caring for the child and the rest of the family. For the nurse to be able to provide personalized information and care, they need a relationship with the child and family.

Vi lever idag i ett samha?lle fullt av obalanser. Det ga?r att se hur ett konsumtionssamha?lle va?xt fram, grundat i en o?kad tillfredsta?llelse o?ver materiella ting. Ett samha?lle som besitter oha?llbara verktyg och ideal fo?r att skapa va?lsta?nd, och i sin tur har negativ pa?verkan pa? miljo?n.

Background: Research shows that the nurse?s presence has a great significance for the relationship between patient and nurse. By this, the nurse can gain a greater understanding for the patient?s situation and thus have an opportunity to influence the patient?s health processes.Problem: Today?s focus on the technology and lack of time in healthcare can create a stress which can make it more difficult for the nurse to prove presence to the patient.Aim: To describe patients? experiences of the nurse?s presence in healthcare.Method: A qualitative approach, where Evans descriptive synthesis has been used. Eleven previously published qualitative, caring science, articles has been used in the synthesis.Results: The synthesis revealed two themes.

Every day in medical care the nurse and the patient meet, they are not just represented as the care giver and the care taker, but also as two unique individuals. The meeting is a very important part in caring and few studies have been made on this topic from the patient.s perspective. The purpose of this study was to describe the patient.s perspective on the meeting with the nurse. The study is a literature review, where articles have been reviewed, encoded, and then categorized. The result builds on our four main categories, confirmed as a unique indidual, the meaning of the information according to the patient, the humanistic side of the nurse, and the importance of humor in the meeting.

Mitt syfte med denna studie av Häckelsängsringen är att ta reda på om den verkligen är från vikingatiden samt om den har haft en eds-, rit- eller kultfunktion? Finns det någon vikingatida kult i området som kan komma ifråga när det gäller denna ?mystiska ring?? Till min hjälp har jag tagit litteratur som talar om ringar och eder till exempel de Isländska eddorna. För att se om det finns en vikingatida kult i området har jag besökt Hamrånge socken, både själv och tillsammans med arkeologer. Jag har studerat länsmuseets faktarum och fornminnesregistret. I fornminnesregistret har jag hittat platser såsom en reliklund med mycket gamla lindar, en tänkbar offerkälla, en stenlagd cirkel som kan vara en tingsring samt att i närheten finns ett område som på gamla kartor kallas Lundåker, en tydlig odling av hassel.

Today patients are more aware of their rights regarding their own care. They are more informed, more engaged and have more and individual requirements, which leads to increased demands for information and participation increases. The Health Act sets out the patients´ right to participation. Participation increases patient satisfaction with care, promotes healing and increases adherence to health care advise. The patient doesn´t always experience participation in their own care to the extent they wish, which suggests that nurse?s does not always succeed in getting the patient involved.

AbstractThis essay is an investigation where I try to gain an increased knowledge of the three assistants? (in the mentally disability profession) opinion about their education and their first years in their profession. I have also tried to answer the questions whether the course mentally disability/functional gives the students a good start in their profession, if there are any flaws or if something is missing in the course or if they can think of any improvements to make the course better.This investigation is performed as a qualitative interview study where three women were interviewed about their education and their first years as assistants? (in the mentally disability profession). All the interviewed women have been working in the care activity for two or three years since they graduated.

AbstractBackground: Relation means the relationship between two parts. By creating a good relation between nurse and patient you can conduce a better caring. Aim: The aim of the study was to illustrate the relation within palliative care from nurse- patient perspective. Method: The study is a literature review where ten articles were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The findings showed that knowledge, communication, continuity, silence and availability were the most important thing for the nurse in the relationship.

Death is the only experience we know we will come across in our lives. Yet it is so difficult to speak about death and the sorrow before and after death occurs. The aim of this literature study was to find out how as a general nurse one can help relatives to handle their situation in mourning. The question was: How does the nurse feel when confronted with mourning relatives? What measures and caring should the nurse take to alleviate the handling of the relatives in mourning? After scrutiny and critical analysis of ten scientific papers, some common denominators have remained.