Sapa Heat Transfer is a company that produces aluminum heat-exchanger strips for the automotive industry. Sapa Heat Transfer wish to chart their emissions of carbon dioxide in order to meet future demands on carbon dioxide reporting. They also would like to examine the meaning of the term ?green electricity? which is marketed as carbon dioxide free, and the sort of electricity that they purchase. This report includes both direct (liquefied petroleum gas and diesel) and indirect (water, process-water, long distance heating, waste) emissions from their company.

Given that the oil prices have risen and the environmental regulations has become more stringent, the interest in operating efficiency has increased. The project has investigated the possibility of producing electricity from waste heat generated in the diesel process. One technique to utilize and convert energy into electricity is the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). This process is based on the Rankine process (the steam process), the difference from the traditional Rankine process is that instead of water as a working medium, an organic substance is used. The main component used in the process is a evaporator, a turbine, a condenser and a pump.

Målen med svensk klimatpolitik är att minska det svenska oljeberoendet och koldioxidutsläppen. Då privatbilismen står för en stor del av Sveriges oljeanvändande har en ökning av andelen miljöbilar i fordonsparken därför blivit ett viktigt inslag, vilket har lagt grunden till en gynnsam försäljning av miljöbilar. I denna uppsats undersöktes miljöbilsförsäljningens utveckling månadsvis tidsperioden oktober 2004 till april 2007. För att analysera miljöbilsförsäljningen skapades en jämviktsmodell som sedan testades empiriskt genom ekonometriska körningar. Modellen förklarade 89% av andelen sålda miljöbilar per månad och variablerna inkomst, modellutbud, drivmedelspris och subventionen av miljöbil på 10.000 kronor som infördes i april 2007 visade sig vara starkt korrelerade med andelen miljöbilar.

Målen med svensk klimatpolitik är att minska det svenska oljeberoendet och koldioxidutsläppen. Då privatbilismen står för en stor del av Sveriges oljeanvändande har en ökning av andelen miljöbilar i fordonsparken därför blivit ett viktigt inslag, vilket har lagt grunden till en gynnsam försäljning av miljöbilar. I denna uppsats undersöktes miljöbilsförsäljningens utveckling månadsvis tidsperioden oktober 2004 till april 2007. För att analysera miljöbilsförsäljningen skapades en jämviktsmodell som sedan testades empiriskt genom ekonometriska körningar. Modellen förklarade 89% av andelen sålda miljöbilar per månad och variablerna inkomst, modellutbud, drivmedelspris och subventionen av miljöbil på 10.000 kronor som infördes i april 2007 visade sig vara starkt korrelerade med andelen miljöbilar.

The purpose with this work that is the basis for this thesis was to help Nattavaara Economical association to develop a program for handling invoices, customer information, and storage. The program and this thesis have been done in cooperation with the economical association in Nattavaara. Some of the demands on the program are that it shall handle customer information, storage status, invoices and diesel consumption. The program must be able to printout invoices, reminders, delivery notes, a customer list and a storage list. All information will be stored in a database.

A new type of device for measuring thev m& ?rate of fuel sprays from a diesel fuel injector has been developed and the various steps in the development are described. The device works by deflecting all of the sprays from the injector at the same time by using a bell shaped deflector. A load cell consisting of a machined steel part with strain gauges mounted on it measures the resulting force. The shape of the curvature in the deflector bell shape has been evaluated by photographing the flow in a 2D?version of the curve shape.

Control of a diesel engine equipped with Variable Geometry Turbine (VGT) and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) requires a multivariable control method. One problem is that the engine system is non-linear. Furthermore there are strong cross-connections between inputs and outputs and the inputs have alsoboundaries. To be able to manage these control problems, MPC has been used that is a multivariable method. The MPC-controller consists of an optimization problem and therefore MPC can find the optimum control signals in an easy way.

This report is the result of a thesis as been implemented during the spring term 2009 atthe University of Gävle.The company Bruks produces mobile chippers which are used for chipping loggingslash, roundwood and parts of trees. The chipper is powered by a separate diesel engineand the chipper can be assembled on trucks, trailers or some other carrier vehicles.When the chip has passed the chipper drum, the chip is collected in an integrated binwhich is mounted on the vehicles frame with dumping yokes. When these dumpingyokes were designed they were probably created with large material dimensions. Theaim with the degree project is hence to study the strengths of materials and, if possible,to suggest an arrangement that can decrease the total weight on the dumping yoke onBruks´ mobile chippers 805 CT.The CAD-program Pro/ENGINEER was used during the project for outlining the 2Ddrawings,as distributed of constructors on Bruks, to solid 3D-parts. The three-dimensionalassembly from Pro/ENGINEER was transferred to Pro/MECHANICA.

Detta examensarbete handlar om forpackning av keramiska substrat. Canning ar det universellanamnet pa forpackning av keramiska substrat. Keramiska substrat kan vara katalysatorer ellerpartikelfilter som anvands som ett efterbehandlingssystem i bensin och Diesel applikationer.Examensarbetet genomfordes hos Scania CV AB.I installationsprocessen sveps en keramisk fibermatta runt det keramiska substratet. Substratetinkapslas sedan med ett metalholje. Rapporten inleds med att beskriva olika installationsmetoder.Fordelar och tillampningsomraden for det olika metoderna beskrivs.Sedan beskrivs det ingaende komponenterna.

Skolfartyget M/S Calmare Nyckel, som ägs och opereras av Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar används i utbildningssyfte av både blivande nautiker och maskinbefäl. Driften av NOHAB-dieseln, som används som generator, har varit problemfylld med ständiga och oförklarliga stopp. Det larmsystem som installerades av Oskarshamnsvarvet var högst bristfälligt. Larmsystemet var personfarligt då det var byggd på 230volt, dessutom var larmpunkterna byggda i serie med endast en stoppindikering. Avsaknaden av elritningar över systemet gjorde att bristerna i larmsystemet inte kunde felsökas. Dessutom fanns ingen indikering i kontrollrummet utan endast lokalt vid NOHAB-dieseln. Vi har gjort en nyinstallation av larmsystemet på mer personsäkra 24VDC, med samtliga larmpunkter parallella och med tillhörande indikering på panel, både lokalt vid NOHAB-dieseln samt i pulpeten för god översyn av systemet.

Thesis purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the interdependencies within the process of partner selection in the fashion and design sector and the emanating criteria for finding the ideal co-branding partner in order to use co-branding as a strategic brand activation tool. Methodology: Multiple Case Study Theoretical perspective: Brand Building and Brand Activation, Relationship Marketing, Strategic Alliances, Affinity Partnering, Co-Branding, Consumer-Brand Relationships Empirical data: Interviews with expert consultants and company representatives (adidas, BMW, BMW MINI, Diesel, H&M, Opel, Philips, Sharp, Volkswagen) Conclusion: Partner selection depends decisively on the different co-branding aims and incorporates the crucial step when using co-branding as a tool for strategic brand activation. The co-branding aim and the corresponding partner lead to various types of relationships, which, in this study, are anthropomorphized to connect the world of marketing and branding to real life. Fashion and design brands have proven to be particularly eligible as co-branding partners for brand activation due to their innovative and trend-oriented nature..

The production of oilseed rape is an important issue in Sweden and those who never have grown oilseed rape (OSR) are now willing to try. It is always a risk to grow oilseed rape, specially winter OSR, because of outwintering. This risk increases as you go north and therefore establishment and autumn growth is very important. These are some of the reasons that I have chosen to write about the establishment of winter oilseed rape in Middle Sweden. There are many factors that influence the outcome of the establishment, e. g.

Skedala solcellsanläggning kommer att vara Sveriges största projekterade solcellspark på4000 m2solceller och en total installerad toppeffekt på 610 kWp (maximala toppeffekten somanläggningen kan leverera). Solcellsparken projekteras åt Halmstad Energi och Miljö AB,HEM, som har en deponi under sluttäckning i Skedala. Skedala är ett samhälle nordost omHalmstad. När sluttäckningen är klar vill man använda marken till något positivt som är braför både miljö och invånare. Uppgiften i projektet har varit att projektera och beräknalönsamheten av en solcellsanläggning på området.

Hydropower is the largest renewable energy source available in today's society. Operation and production is handled by high-tech electronics. This thesis is done on behalf of Statkraft Sweden AB who wants to explore the possibility of replacing the hydraulic cylinder with an electric actuator, generally as well as a case of a small power station on the river Nissan. Whether it is the chaplain or francis turbine vanes are actuated by hydraulic cylinders. Because of Gustavsberg hydropower is inconstant operation, this report is based on power calculations, which are read and computed according to the available hydraulic diagram.

Ethanol fuel is a biofuel, which been widely reported in the public debate and on the fuel market the last years. Ethanol is sold as both E85 and as a five percent admixture of all petrol sold in Sweden. Research studies on ethanol fuel often focus on environmental issues surrounding the production and utilization of ethanol as a fuel, and omits the private and business aspects of the subject. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the economics of ethanol as a fuel. How the Swedish market for ethanol is and how it evolved over time and what the future prospects are.