Ur ett chefsperspektiv har studien haft för syfte att undersöka attityden gentemot motivation i ett arbete med medarbetarna, och det som har avsetts att undersöka är den attityd gentemot upplevelsen av behovet som existerar hos chefer. Utifrån ett definierat chefs- kontra ledarskap har teorier rörande Maslows och Hertzbergs motivations- respektive hygienfaktorer rörande tillfredställelse och otillfredställelse på arbetet, människosyn, och hänsyn till olika personligheter hos medarbetarna som noteras hos dessa chefer undersökts. Dessa teorier har legat till grund för studiens syfte, som varit att söka se likheter/olikheter i chefers attityd via en enkätundersökning med varierat slutna, öppna och skalfrågor. Resultat har visat på minimala skillnader olika chefsgrupper i mellan, och visar istället på att attityden till motivation snarare ligger i personlig upplevelse än i chefsrollen och dess funktion. Detta resultat har bringat en större kunskap och insikt inom detta område gällande chefskap och ger på så sätt en ny utgångspunkt och ett gott underlag för fortsatta studier i ämnet..

As public libraries in Sweden receive the bulk of their budget from local government funding, which has stayed static or, at best, seen small increases, libraries have been faced with inadequate resources with which to satisfy increasing expectations from users. As few libraries are over-funded in the first place, ways may have to be found to combat this situation. The aim of this Masters thesis is to examine alternative sources of funding for Swedish public libraries, and my main focus of interest is that of sponsorship. The method used is a literature study combined with an empirical study, in which interviews were conducted with five persons each with long experience of working with public libraries. The literary study deals with the concept of sponsorship, and the motivations for companies to sponsor are also examined.

The main purpose in this degree thesis is to investigate changes in performance when introducing a newly produced Real-Time database in one of CC Systems products, the Diagnostic Runtime Engine, DRE. The thesis is a collaboration between CC Systems, creator of DRE, and Mimer AB, developer of the Real-Time database.The result reveals that the time spent on database access is considerably lesscompared to the originally used database. The research has lead to several additional requirements on the real-time database and these are presented as part of the result in this thesis. The additional features will help making the product more suitable for DRE and similar applications.Additional research is required to be able to recommend the use of this product or not. Primarily the performance in another operating system, Windows CE, but also the introduction of additional features should be investigated.

Vi har i vår uppsats studerat frihet och kontroll i postbyråkratiska organisationer. Enligt förespråkare för demokratiska företag ger denna nya organisationsform de anställda större frihet samtidigt som kontrollen minskar. Men en organisation förutsätter styrning och kontroll, var har då kontrollen tagit vägen? Vi använder det brasilianska företaget Semco som exempel på ett postbyråkratiskt företag och tittar på hur de arbetar rent teoretiskt med frihet och kontroll. Semcos VD Ricardo Semler har skrivit flera böcker om hur han förändrade Semco från ett auktoritärt och byråkratiskt företag med motivations- och lönsamhetsproblem till ett organiskt och dynamiskt företag där de anställda känner sig delaktiga och längtar efter att gå till jobbet på morgonen.

Recent studies have reemphasized the importance of competition in democracy. An ideaoriginating from Weber: that demoeratic competition leads to more qualified leaders, has been resurrected. Research shows that democracies are more Iikely to elect leaders with a high leve l of education, and with in demoeratic states stronger competition correlates with elected politicians with higher education, more political experience and higher previous income. This study researehes whether the earrelation between greater competition and electedcandirlates with higher "Curriculum vitae-qualities" holds between electoral systems. Does a more competitive electoral system elect candirlates that score higher on such measures? Using education as a proxy forthese qualities the study traces different outcomes on education in a mixed electoral system, camparing the majoritarian (more competitive) part of the electoral system with the prop011ional (less competitive) part.

Organisation and market orientation of elderly careThis comparative literature study is intended to describe how elderly care is organised and financed in Germany and Sweden. Furthermore, it analyses the degree of competition and market orientation in both countries' care systems. Important aspects in this context are the kinds of measurements which are used on the two markets and the question if there are quasimarkets.The theoretical backgrounds of the study are Esping-Andersen's "Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism" and Harold Wilensky's convergence theory. Esping-Andersen's theory describes Sweden as a social democratic and Germany as a conservative welfare regime which means that there are different conditions for the development of welfare. The use of Wilensky's theory shows that both welfare systems are converging since the end of the 20th century.

This study was conducted at VikingGenetics' bull breeding station in Falkenberg, Sweden. The bulls waiting for the results of their progeny testing at this station are either kept in group housing or individual housing. Since both of these housing systems have advantages and disadvantages, it was in the interest of VikingGenetics to know which of these housing systems is the best. The aim of this study was to investigate the welfare of the bulls in these two housing systems through behavioural observations and the use of activity monitors. In the preparations for the study 16 bulls, 8 in each housing system, were chosen.

A large amount of our time is spent indoors in an artificial climate. To make the experience pleasant there are requirements on the ventilation and the heating system. At the present time the most common form of heating is a radiator system complemented with a ventilation system. A ceiling heating system with combined heating and ventilation can replace the two separated systems. The benefit with a ceiling heating solution is that it saves space since the radiator system is no longer needed.

The main purpose of this thesis is to examine what problems may arise when converting class symbols from one classification scheme to another. In order to fulfill this purpose, a conversion table between parts of the Swedish online-version of the UDC and the Swedish classification system SAB was constructed. For main classes 0 and 3 every class number from this abridged version of the UDC was converted, whereas for the rest of the main classes only class numbers with fewer than four figures were converted. The conversion table was constructed using the alphabetical index of SAB and different UDC-indexed library catalogues. Various aspects of the conversion table were then analysed using methods mainly devised by the authors themselves, but inspired by lexicography and multilingual thesaurus construction.

At Forsmark nuclear power plant a new course called "education in everyday safety" has been started in an attempt to improve the safety culture. The goal is to spread the of expectations and approach the maintenance management has set, to all employees working at the plants. During the course, theory is mixed with practical tasks to reach a common view how work should be done to achieve safety for the plant and the people that work there.The practical tasks are done inside "maintenance simulators". They are built inside 20 ft containers which contains two dummy pipe systems. On the pipe systems some valves, a flow meter and a pump has been installed.

Franchise theorists have to a large extent failed to keep up with the actual development in global franchise chains. The recent emergence of fast growing multi-unit-franchisees has fundamentally been ignored, and it has been claimed that the new phenomenon can be regarded as a mere replication of the franchisors? structure and control system into sub hierarchies. This study however, suggests that the reality is more complex. Through conducting case studies of two Nordic multi-unit-franchisees, new theories are built explaining how and why control systems are designed the way they are.

Företag använder sig ofta av belöningssystem för att motivera sina anställda att prestera bättre. Många studier har gjorts inom detta ämne och forskarna har väldigt skilda åsikter om vad som verkligen motiverar en anställd. Forskare använder motivationsteorier för att förklara individens prestationer och för att förutsäga individens respons på förändrade förutsättningar eller program. Men de flesta teorierna lämnar inte sådana förklaringar eller kan förutsäga individens beteende i en organisation. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vad chefer på olika nivåer anser vara motivations- och prestationshöjande, undersöka hur de olika belöningssystemen påverkar dem samt om eventuella förbättringar kan göras i de befintliga belöningssystemen.

This diploma work covers an investigation over the heat - and hot water systems of thetenant-owner's association, Bogården. The heat - and hot water needs of Bogården aresatisfied by both district heating as well as three heat pumps. Implemented investigationshows that the heat pumps are not used in a profitable way. Apart from that, the reservepossibilities are small. There is also a risk of the growth of Legionella bacterium in thehot water system.Since the heat pumps are already installed, HSB-Gävleborg (responsible for Bogården)has a wish to investigate possible proposed actions for optimization of existing plant.After completed investigation, a new proposed action is presented.

Samhall arbetar aktivt mot målsättningen att varje år få fem procent av sina anställda att göra övergångar till andra anställningar utanför sin verksamhet och på Samhall i Dorotea har det arbetet varit framgångsrikt. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka vilka psykologiska faktorer som har legat till grund för att Samhall i Dorotea har lyckats bra med att slussa ut anställda till andra verksamheter med fokus på vilka förutsättningar för lärande och kompetensutveckling det finns i organisationen samt vilken motivations¬potential arbetsuppgifterna har. På Samhall i Dorotea har ett projekt i ökad arbetsväxling och kompetens genomförts, Attack 2005, och en analys av vilken betydelse Attack 2005 har haft för verksamheten har även gjorts. Arbetets teoretiska utgångspunkt utgörs av Ellströms (1992) teori om faktorer i organisationen som påverkar lärande och utveckling samt Hackman och Oldhams (1980) Job Characteristics Model. Intervjuer med nuvarande och tidigare anställda på Samhall i Dorotea har genomförts och resultaten visar att det positiva arbetsklimatet och ett välfungerande samarbete i arbetsgrupperna är två betydande framgångsfaktorer.

Many professions, such as doctors and psychologists, have a long history of work practice which have resulted that these professions have created their own ethical guidelines. The IT profession, which can be viewed as a relative young and somewhat immature profession, have yet to accommodate any clear guidelines regarding ethics. It?s therefore imperative to create discussions regarding ethical actions to raise the ethical awareness and also create ethical guidelines. The development of the IT profession is moving forward at a quick pace and it?s important to understand that this rapid advancement is not only changing the profession but also changing the society and the environment.