The purpose of this thesis is to get an improved understanding of what the bases for relevance are, when people in real information need situations make relevance judgements. In order to meet this purpose, an investigation based on research literature is performed. Four types of relevance are investigated: topical or subject relevance, cognitive relevance or pertinence, situational relevance or utility, and socio-cognitive relevance. The investigation also deals with users relevance criteria identified in fourteen empirical studies, in which the users are adults and engaged in oral, textual, and multimedia information retrieval. Finally, the connections between the user criteria found and the types of relevance are discussed.

The purpose of this study is to examine what professionals tell about stress, rewards, impact and treatment in the professional treatment with young sexual offenders. Eleven qualitative interviews of half-structured design brought up results about the professional role in the treatment process. During the interviews the professionals described which methods of treatment they work with. We examined the methods through literature research, which was added to the study whit the purpose of strengthening the interview data. The professionals consider their work important and meaningful and they feel safe in their working role.

This master thesis deals with events, dynamics and problems of mediated information seeking within the context of a new information service called "Book a librarian". The study, based on a survey and interviews both in academic and public libraries and participant observations in academic libraries, has its theoretical base in the cognitive theory of information retrieval interaction. The cognitive view is used to throw light upon the need of an ongoing dialogue during the session in order to detect the information needs of the user and to conduct a successful retrieval of information. The communicative interaction is seen as threepart interaction between the intermediary, the user and the information system, where the current cognitive states of all three participants are involved. The study shows that the cognitive obstacles for a successful mediation and information retrieval are mostly connected to participants current knowledge of the subject and of the retrieval techniques.

Bakgrund: I över ett halvt sekel har rökningens skadeverkningar varit kända, menfortfarande är det många i alla befintliga samhälls- och åldersgrupper som röker. En rökarebörjar ofta med detta tidigt i livet och rökningen vidmakthålls med påverkan från inre ochyttre faktorer. Rökning är det största förebyggbara folkhälsoproblemet och orsakar en storsjukdomsbörda trots en minskning av rökning nationellt i Sverige och globalt den senastetiden. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att beskriva mindfulness, medveten närvaro, ochdess inverkan vid rökavvänjning. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie där vetenskapliga artiklaranalyserats och essensen av resultat sammanställts och ordnats i teman.

Evidence-based psychotherapeutic methods compete with each other, while meta-analysis have shown that variability due to different methods related to outcome is remarkably low. In this qualitative study six former patients were interviewed about experiences of method and technique in Affect-focused therapy, with a slight overweight towards unsatisfactory experiences. Responses were analysed and categorised in emergent themes. Methodological focus on affect showed to be a much appreciated, as well as insufficient, element. Alongside positive experiences or summaries of therapy, methodological frames were felt to be at times restrictive, even invalidating, as far as not allowing focus on what was felt to be the more predominant need.

Animal-assisted therapy had its large breakthrough in the 1960-ties when a psychiatrist named Boris Levinson discovered the great advantages of involving animals in the treatment of patients. Therapy with animals involves that animals are used in a systematic way, in a person's process of treatment. The most distinguished companion animal used within this area is the dog, but horses, cats, rabbits, birds, dolphins and the most common farm animals are used in animal-assisted therapy. Most animals that are to be used for this specific purpose need to be trained in order to maintain their physical and mental health, but also to minimize the risks for the people that are involved. Most studies within this research area are focused on the positive effects on the patients and less on the effects on the animals.

ABSTRACTBackground: After general anesthesia the cognitive ability is temporarily impaired. Cognitive recovery is necessary for the patient to be able to assimilate the information that she / he gets postoperatively. It also increases the patient safety. There are few methods to estimate and assess the patient's cognitive recovery before and after anesthesia. The purpose of this study is to test the usefulness of the instrument PQRS and to assess the patients cognitive recovery after anesthesia.

Studien har undersökt effekter av deltagande i ett mindfulnessprogram på stressrelaterade sjukdomar som depression, ångest och fysisk ohälsa, för att utröna om programmet har varit ett effektivt verktyg för individer med stressproblematik. Studien som var av longitudinell karaktär baserades på självrapporterade uppgifter om ångest, depression, psykisk ohälsa, stresshantering och grad av mindfulness (BDI-II, BAI, KIMS, CRI och SCI), samt ett antal bakgrundsfrågor av social karaktär som baserades på ett icke-randomiserat sampel (n=15). Resultaten visade att efter avslutat program samt åtta månader efter hade deltagarna signifikant förbättrade värden vad gäller depression, ångest och fysisk ohälsa. Analyser visade vidare att ju högre grad av mindfulness individen uppvisade desto signifikant lägre grad av depression och fysisk ohälsa, men inte av ångest. Sammantaget tyder resultaten i denna studie på att programmet hade mycket goda effekter och det finns därför behov av fortsatt forskning kring mindfulnessprogrammets effekter vid behandling av stressrelaterade problem..

Research shows that people with burnout experience a high degree of impairments in a range of cognitive functions including memory, attention and concentration. The overall aim of the present study is to investigate whether there is a correlation between subjective estimates of cognition and cognitive performance with objective tests in people with burnout with a focus on working memory and executive functions. Three specific questions were addressed; First, what cognitive problems are described and to what degree? Second, is the performance of executive and working memory tests related to self-reported cognitive problems? Third, are the self-reported cognitive problems related to measures of psychological distress? The study included 77 patients, 65 women and 12 men, with a mean age of 43.48 years. The results show that patients with burnout perceive themselves as having significantly impaired cognition in everyday life, which is clearly evident on the basis of the self-assessment forms PRMQ and CFQ.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att empiriskt undersöka en teoretisk modell för korrelationer mellan dispositionell mindfulness, påverkansmekanismer och idrottspsykologiska färdigheter (Birrer, Röthlin & Morgan, 2012). Modellen testas genom att (1) undersöka korrelationer mellan dispositionell mindfulness och påverkansmekanismer (Emotionsreglering, Klarsynthet och Ältande). (2) Undersöka korrelationer mellan påverkansmekanismer och idrottspsykologiska färdigheter (Motoriska färdigheter, Anspänningsreglering, Motivation och Copingförmåga). (3) Dessutom undersöktes även korrelationer mellan idrottspsykologiska färdigheter och självskattad idrottsprestation (Tävlings- respektive träningsprestation). I studien deltog 242 elitidrottare från idrottsföreningar i sydvästra Sverige.

Many persons with long-term illness experience a decline in their quality of life. Perceived Quality of Life is a subjective term based on prior personal experiences and is highly individual. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate perceived Quality of Life in persons with Multiple Sclerosis and to get knowledge if physical therapy changes a person?s quality of life. Three women and three men with a range of disability were interviewed in depth.

Introduction: Sleep is necessary for human survival. Difficulty sleeping occurs in about one in four adult person in Sweden, insomnia in every ten. There are several reasons for difficulty sleeping, where stress is one of the most common. The quality of life and health are affected negatively. Treatment with proven efficacy against insomnia is not only sleep medication, but also cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT.

Idag lever cirka 40-65% av Sveriges befolkning med kronisk smärta. Påverkan av kronisk smärta på en persons livsstil varierar, en del ser smärtan som en olägenhet i vardagen medan andra upplever att smärtan påverkar varje aspekt av livet. Det är inte lätt att behandla kronisk smärta då variationer på smärtan är många och diagnosen ofta är osäker. Alternativa metoder för att behandla smärta blir allt vanligare och en sådan metod är mindfulness. Syftet med studien var att beskriva den samlade kunskapen kring mindfulness verkan hos personer med kronisk smärta.

Stress och otillräcklighet upplevs av allt fler yrkesverksamma inom vård och omsorg idag. Lång tids stress ökar risken för en rad olika besvär och sjukdomstillstånd och därmed också risken för långvariga sjukskrivningar. Sjuksköterskeyrket som profession innebär många olika potentiella stressfaktorer på arbetsplatsen då det är ett yrke som efterfrågar hög kompetens, samarbete i många olika situationer, ständig tillgänglighet och emotionellt engagemang. I ICN:s etiska kod anges att ?Sjuksköterskan sköter sin hälsa så att förmågan att ge vård inte äventyras?.

Most of the information online is difficult for people with cognitive disabilities to understand and assimilate. In this project I have had the expectation that this is possible to change. In cooperation with FUB, a Swedish organization working for people with cognitive disabilities, I have studied how to adapt content, pictures and writing to persons with the levels of mild to moderate cognitive disabilities. I have also taken the perspective ?design for all?, which means that you adapt a design for the weakest persons in the society to make it work for everyone.The purpose of my work is to study how to create a web text where content, writing and pictures are incorporated.To examine how to do this I have conducted qualitative interviews in which I have let the informants look at and read four different texts.