This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using different benchmarking models to measure and compare the efficiency of Swedish gas distributors. It also discusses to which extent the results of a benchmarking study should influence the revenue-cap which will be implemented in the gas distribution sector in Sweden from year 2011. The discussion is based on arguments from both theory and practical applications of benchmarking. The results suggest that benchmarking Swedish gas distributors against distributors in another country using a parametric model is most favorable, but the reliability will be increased if non-parametric models are used also. Partial and total productivity measures could be used to confirm results of other benchmarking analyses.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen har varit att undersöka fyra gymnasieelevers erfarenheter av språkundervisning i moderna språk. Uppsatsens frågeställningar är: ? Hur beskriver eleverna sin språkundervisning? ? Vilka strategier använder sig eleverna av vid språkinlärningen? ? Vilka teorier kring lärande går att observera i elevernas undervisning? Underlaget till uppsatsen har varit fyra gymnasieelevers utsagor om språkinlärning i form av kvalitativa intervjuer. Elevernas utsagor har analyserats med hjälp av olika teorier med anknytning till språkinlärning. Slutsatsen är att denna språkundervisning lägger tonvikten på den sociala interaktionen, vilket speglar den forskning som har gjorts de senaste 30 åren. Det visade sig även att det fortfarande finns spår av äldre metoder i dagens undervisning, och att det är problematiskt att hitta en balans mellan lärarcentrerad och elevorienterad undervisning..

Syftet var att undersöka om exponering inför emotionella röster påverkar muskelanspänning och hjärtats slagfrekvens samt om det finns en samvariation mellan storlek eller längd på muskelanspänning vid aversiv emotionell input och grad av alexitymi. 24 studenter lyssnade på arga, glada och neutrala röster samtidigt som muskelanspänning mättes med EMG och hjärtats slagfrekvens med EKG. Grad av alexitymi mättes med Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20. Resultaten visade att arg eller glad röststimuli gav större muskelanspänningen än neutralröststimuli. Ingen skillnad i muskelanspänning fanns mellan arg eller glad röst.

Simulation means running a model of a system with suitable input and observing the corresponding output. Real-time environment simulation is a special kind of simulation used to simulate a control system's environment in real-time. This is done to test the control system before it is used in its real environment. In this project, computer simulation of a certain kind of environments, called track-based systems, is studied and a general model for track-based systems is developed. In this model, track layouts are represented by graphs, which is a flexible and extensible representation and a method for visualizing these layouts is presented.

Background: During the last decades patient satisfaction has become an important measurement of quality in psychiatric care. However the patients are seldom asked to evaluate the treatments.Objectives: The aim is to determine which factors the outpatients regard as beneficial in their psychiatric treatment. The purpose is explorative. During the study another purpose developed; to present research on the importance of the relationship between the caretaker and the caregiver for the outcome.Method: 30 persons were interviewed about what they found helpful in psychiatric treatment. The interviews were open using Grounded Theory as methodological input.Result: The most prominent topic was the quality of the relationship between the caregiver and the caretaker.

Studien ar en analysering av omskrivningsregler framtagna av Decker (2003), dessa omskrivningsregler har implementerats i ett verktyg som heter CogFLUX. Syftet med dessa omskrivningsregler ar att forenkla det svenska spraket och gora det mer lattlast. CogFLUX tar en given text som input och omskrivningsregler valjs ut och appliceras pa texterna med hjalp av verktyget. Detta verktyg returnerar sedan en omskriven text och de tre olika lasbarhetsmatten LIX, OVIX och NR for texten. Syftet med studien har varit att se huruvida olika permutationer av en given uppsattning omskrivningsregler ger olika resultat matt med lasbarhetsmatten samt om det finns kombinationer av omskrivningsregler som fungerar battre an andra.

At Volvo Cars Torslanda's paint shop there is a requirement to in a fast and effective way get an overview of the plants capacity. Therefore a capacity template was constructed as a tool for the engineers at Volvo several years ago. This template has during the years become complicated and outdated. Thus this thesis work will resort as a new capacity template, built from scratch. The new template has been built up based on requirements from Volvo and the concept of OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness).

This study was carried out at Luftfartsverket (LFV Group, SwedishAirports and Air Navigation Services), AstraZeneca and Svenska Spel. The purpose of the study was to examine and compare how these companies work towards becoming, and maintaining to be, an employer of choice. Facts were sought about the companies and their work to become an employer of choice.To get a discerning and profound picture, a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews with twelve key persons in this work was conducted. The method Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used for analysis.The results showed that an amount of factors have an input on how attractive the employer is. Common were compensation and benefits, competence development, leadership, information and health-related activities.

Semi-natural grasslands are threatened biotopes in the landscape and without conservation measures high values of nature will be lost. Meanwhile, the biological values associated with cultural values of the traditional agricultural landscape in Sweden. Studies of land use history may help to understand how today biological diversity has evolved and how it can be preserved. Färsna farm in Norrtälje has left some of the old heritage of biological diversity in the form of nature - forest and grassland, which hosts an unusual herb-rich flora. Through the study of historic maps and från1673/1767/1801/1901 1952 and orthophoto of the area has a picture of how land use has changed over time emerged.

Den här uppsatsen undersöker om styrdokumenten och förskolornas arbetsmetoder har stöd i forskningen vad gäller språkkunskaper, språkutveckling och kognition hos tvåspråkiga barn. I uppsatsen presenteras en litteraturöversikt för att sammanfatta några forskningsresultat nationellt och internationellt, samt en empirisk studie omfattande fyra kommuner i Uppsala län, där syftet är att undersöka mer konkret hur kommunerna arbetar med modersmålsstöd i förskolorna. En del av uppsatsen undersöker också möjligheten för modersmålsstöd i de nationella minoritetsspråken.Litteraturen visar att mängden input är viktig vad gäller språkkunskaper i allmänhet, samt att risken är stor för språkbyte ifall det inte finns något stöd utifrån för att stötta utvecklingen av ett minoritetsspråk i ett majoritetsspråksamhälle. Resultatet av kommunstudien visar att kommunerna har svårt att följa styrdokumenten fullt ut i fråga om att barn med annat modersmål ska kunna utveckla sitt modersmål. Inputen riskerar att bli väldigt begränsad, så som de undersökta kommunerna arbetar med modersmålsstödet idag..

Detta examensarbete syftar till att implementera en modulgenerator som automatiskt genererar ett matchat differentialpar. Detta för att enkelt kunna generera detta vanlig förekommande byggblock utan att behöva rita om allt från grunden. Modulgeneratorn som konstruerats klarar att skapa upp till 2x2 transistor block matchad layout med eller utan sköld. Programmet skapar med hjälp av indata från konstruktören en skräddarsydd layout som kan användas som byggblock i integrerade kretsar. Examensarbetet är slutfört och har genomgått omfattande testning The aim of this thesis is to implement a module generator that automatically generates a matched differential pair.

This study departs in a critique issued against the ethics of deconstruction that it does not provide good enough advice for how to turn its ehtics into "real life"-actions. Taking up the concept of moral practices as found in e.g. Alisdain MacIntyre, Stanley Hauerwas, James K.A. Smith, and Roland Spjuth, this study turns to medieval theologian Thomas Aquinas as a potential resource. Combining the teachings in Aquinas' Summa Thologica with a look into his life as a Domninican, a list of moral practices is put forth and analyzed in conjunction with Derrida's ethics.

Kulturvårdscentrum was a project that had great significance for local folklore societies in Bohuslän.Bohusläns museum was i charge of the project that lasted from 1987 until about 2001 when most ofthe original staff have retired. The staff was mainly recruited from a large shipyard, Uddevallavarvet,at it's closure due to recession. Financing was largely made by the government to help outthose unemployed who otherwise should have a hard time finding a new job. At start there was about25 employees who where trained for one year by staff from Swedish museums, conservation studios,and teachers the university. The education was aimed at serving local folklore societies, and dealingwith their special problems.

AbstractIn Östhammar a change has been noticed in the statistics regarding incoming reports, appraisals and investigations concerning a suspicion that a child or youth may be harmed.There are some earlier reaserch made concerning the sorting process that takes place when a report is made. In Östhammar the social workers have been interested in finding out what the main reasons are for not opening an investigation. It has also been some research from the ?sociology of childhood perspective? on how childhood is being constructed and how children are positioned in the investigative texts. From a social constructionist perspective and by using both a quantitative and a qualitative research, I have examined all the reports that have not led to an investigation from the first quarter of 2011 in Östhammar. This to find out the main explanations for not investigating and how children are positioned in such appraisals.It has been shown that most appraisals closed either because of the situation which led to the declaration no longer exists, to another input already exists, the problem is not seen as  serious or that it was felt that the parents are capable of giving the support they need. I have discovered that the childs voice is missing in most of the report investigations. I have not found any explanations to why one has chosen not to speak with the child, but there may be explanations such as limited time, limited knowledge or a will to spare the child the discomfort..

Inom banksektorn kan det vara svårt att mäta effektivitet då det är svårt att mäta input och output. Wallander har löst detta problem på Handelsbanken genom att använda sig av alternativa sätt att styra verksamheten. Syftet med denna uppsats var att beskriva vilka styrformer som används inom olika arbetsuppgifter och skapa förståelse för varför olika arbetsgrupper inom en bank har olika syn på hur verksamheten styrs. Vi ville även beskriva vilka olika styrverktyg som används. Undersökningen genomfördes genom telefonintervjuer och enkäter som skickades ut till olika Handelsbanks kontor i Norrbotten.