By using steady-state measurements for predicting emissions under a dynamic drive cycle wouldsave a lot of time and money for the exhaust aftertreatment specialists at Volvo cars. The idea forthis thesis has been to investigate if statistical regression models can be used with good accuracy.Questions included are for example if common operating variables such as engine speed, air-fuelratio etc. is sufficient to predict engine-out emissions over the engine operating range with goodaccuracy. Focus was set on the modelling of warm engine, but also the more complex engineheat-up phase was investigated since it is a great contributor to total emissions. While NOxcouldnot be measured because of malfunctioning measurement equipment, only HC, CO andtemperature at inlet of first catalytic converter has been modelled.

At Sandvik Materials Technology, Argon gas is used as furnace atmosphere when heattreating hot rolled wire. Upon heating chromium steel wire, a rich oxidelayer forms on the wire surface. The abstract of this masters thesis is to enhance the understanding of the constitution of the oxidelayers and the influence of the furnace atmosphere. This will be achieved by performing a number of annealing experiments on laboratory level. Also, the aim is to understand the chemical reactions and physical mecanisms controlling the pickling process.

Miljonprogram is a Swedish building program from 1964 to 1975. During that time about a million homes were constructed. Now, almost 50 years later, they are in desperate need of renovation. In order to fulfil the Swedish environmental objective to decrease energy consumption 50 per cent until 2050, considerable housing stock built under the Miljonprogram has to be renovated.Focus in this thesis is on the building services and theirs profitability that can decrease energy consumption in households build during the Miljonprogram. Building construction is not considered in this report.

This paper describes the work done trying to diminish the noise present in the signal from an IR-detector. The project was aiming towards two different kinds of applications; heat protection and presence detection. The hypothesis was that the signal-noise ratio would decrease if a filter and a proper installation were used for the detector. Some experiments were executed to determine what kind of filter were the most suitable for each application and how these could be installed. After executing the experiments and evaluate the results we recommend to use a specific filter for each application.

Michelangelo Antonioni (1912-2007) belonged to a generation of filmmakers that breathed new life into cinematic expression in the annals of modern-day European film history. By employing his background as a documentary filmmaker, Antonioni used these skills to help establish his own particular style. There was a distinct evolution of style which progressed during his triology L´Avventura, La Notte and L´Eclisse, 1959-1962. This theises presents a comperative study between his earlier films in black and white and his first color film - Il deserto roso, from 1964. By observing color in relation to narrative, dialouge, acting and elements of mise-en-scène, I suggest different answers than those previously discussed among critics concerning this interrelationship.

The Swedish building and property management sector are responsible for about 30 % of the total energy use. In order to take environmental consideration, different environmental assessment tools and standards are used. Miljo?byggnad, Svanen, FEBY12 and PHI are some of these. There has been increased interest to certify buildings and therefore it is of interest to evaluate the assessment of the energy field to see if relevant energy aspects are assessed.

Uvån Hagfors Teknologi AB (UHT) has developed a process ? GRANSHOT® ? for quicksolidification of metals in water baths. In the process liquid metal is splintered ? granulated ?into small drops. The drops are rapidly cooled in a water bath where all the heat energy from theliquid metal is transferred into the water.

The aim of the thesis is to identify and investigate central themes in two video artworks, Poliisi and Pink Ball, by Swedish artist Annika Larsson. Moreover it is an investigation of the configurations of violence, and an enquiring whether these works have a social-minded intention.Elements in scenery, framing and narration are analysed with the term ?crystalline regime? (régim cristallin), described by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, which defines the artificial as opposed to the purely representational. Processes within the narrations of the two works are analysed as rituals, which leads to an investigation of an internal sign-system and to the question whether the rituals in these works have a function. Theory by French philosopher Georges Bataille is used to analyse the ritual with no external purpose, which aims at an intense experience of life.

I ett samhälle med starka lokala aktörer kan inte staten agera suveränt. Stats­makten är bero­ende av samverkan med lokala och regionala aktörer och blir påverkade av dem. De olika of­fentliga aktörernas resurser är dels finansiella i form av anslag av me­del, dels legala genom myndighetsutövning. I frågor gällande utbyggnad eller uppgradering av transportin­frastruktur tvingas staten samverka med regionala och lokala aktörer (kommuner) för att uppnå gemen­samma mål. Denna samverkan antar olika karaktär från fall till fall och innebär att såväl mål som resurser förändras under pro­cessens gång.

The purpose of this study is to look into if the pedagogues who participate in this study treat children differently depending on their sex. The purpose was then divided in three research questions which were: Attention: How much verbal attention and eye contact with the pedagogue are girls/boys getting? Choice of words: Are there any differences in the choice of words the pedagogues are using against girls/boys? Address: How does the pedagogue address girls/boys, are there any differences? The tone of the voice and how the pedagogue address girls/boys belongs in this category. The study was observed with video camera in four different circle time situations, two circle times for each preschool. Data were then analyzed with an observation schedule based on the three research questions.

This report is the result of a thesis conducted at the consulting firm Bjerking AB andis the final part of the Bachelor Programme in Construction Engineering at Universityof Uppsala. The work aims to investigate the costs and how the choice of ventilationsystem affects building projects during a long-term period. This report covers costssuch as investment, maintenance and energy but also how they affect residents andbuilders. Building regulations for energy consumption are expected to be tougher;therefore a comparison of two different heat recovery ventilation systems(HRV-system) was made. One system is based on a centrally placed unit that coversthe whole buildings ventilation through vertical shafts.

Det kommande innehållet i detta examensarbete kommer att handla om min frågeställning som berör integrering av 3D objekt i en verklig miljö: ?Vad finns det för metoder att integrera 3D objekt med en verklig miljö och hur gör man??.Arbetet och efterforskningen har utförts i Söderhamn, där jag har arbetet hos 3D animationsföretaget Magoo 3D Studios. Med hjälp av anställda på Magoo har jag genomfört experiment för att själv prova på de olika metoder som ska kunna besvara min frågeställning.Som resultat så har jag kommit fram till att alla divisioner inom 3D, som modellering, texturering, ljussättning och compositing kan bidra till realistisk integrering på sitt eget vis, dock i olika utsträckningar. Mina experiment har alla varit lyckade och jag känner att de är på rätt väg mot fotorealistiska resultat.I slutändan så upplever jag att de metoder som bidrar mest till en realistisk integrering är en bra ljussättning med en Image Based Lighting metod, samt att ha bra vetskap om hur en kamera fungerar för att sedan kunna efterlikna dess typiska drag samt artefakter så bra som möjligt.Kombinerar man dessa metoder så är man en bra bit in på vägen till fotorealism där man inte längre är säker på om datorgenererade bilder är riktiga eller inte..

This essay is about security and safety in the city. More precisely it is concerned about the role of the institutions that aims to raise the perceived security and safety and their understanding of these concepts. I study two of the municipality's project in this field in the city of Malmö. Documents concerning these projects are analysed with a discourse analysis inspired by Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau as well as Michel Foucault. The two projects consist of one discourse each; the surveillance discourse and the discourse about meetings.

Problem areaAlfa Laval is a world leading company in the heat transfers area and have the vision to continue to be that in the future as well. The company has a lot of press lines where the utilization is high and also has started to become old. Prognosis shows that there is an increased demand of heat exchanger in the future. This increased demand is not something that existing lines will manage. To build new lines cost a lot of money and take time so it is essential that new lines are correct from the start and not need to be rebuilt or a lot of time spent to trim it.GoalThe goal is to achieve 100% theoretical utilization of the press (the press shall press the amount of plates it is designed for).

The importance of energy- and environmental issues has increased, and the work towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions plays a major part. The European Union has set up goals for the membership countries to work towards this to happen. The carbon dioxide emissions in Sweden have been reduced the last few years, but there is still a lot to do. About 30 per cent of Sweden?s carbon dioxide emissions generate from energy usage related to housing, this is why the housing sector is of interest to examine.