The aim of this study is to clarify the Swedish government?s purpose of participating in theEuropean Union Emission Trading Scheme. Taking as its departure point state-centricinternational political economy this study presents three plausible hypotheses on what thepurpose might be. Either it is to promote consumers interests, or to promote the Swedishnational climate goal ?Reduced impact on climate?, or to promote the profit of Swedishcompanies.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva olika former av beröring samt dess effekt för personer med sjukdomen demens. Sökningarna har gjorts i databaserna Pubmed, Cinahl och sökmotorn ELIN@du.se med sökorden: massage, dementia, nursing, home, touch, older, patients, therapeutic touch, care och therapy. Artiklarna var utförda mellan år 2000 till 2009 och var kvalitativa och kvantitativa och utgjorde urvalet. För att värdera de utvalda artiklarna användes granskningsmallar. Resultat visade att beröring gav positiva effekter på stress och agiterat beteende såsom skrikbeteende och fysiskt upprört beteende.

AbstractThis qualitative study has been made to examine which factors that are required to create a work place that can be associated with loyal co-workers. The study covers half structured interviews with nine people on different levels and with different positions, within a manufacturing company in Värmland. Our ambition with this study is to find out if, and if so, in what way the view on loyalty and which factors that are required to encourage loyalty, differ depending on witch level one belongs to in the organization. Our thesis is that our respondents will have various ways of expressing the term loyalty, and that these various ways are linked to the different levels that each employee is currently stationed at.The result of this study shows that the way people look at loyalty, and what loyalty is really about, does not differ that much among our respondents, regardless of their level. The factors that, according to the respondents, are important if one wants to create a work place that can be associated with loyal co-workers are: to be able to feel trust towards and have faith in those one works with, as well as the company and the way things are being run, to be able to experience the feeling of community, and that one is happy with ones work place, as well as ones co-workers.

Vi har intervjuat sju personer på höga toppositioner i Sverige för att fråga dem omderas syn på hinder, möjligheter och jämställdhet i deras karriärer. Vår urvalsgruppbestår av fyra kvinnor och tre män. Syftet och bakgrunden till vår studie är attundersöka hur begreppet karriär används och varför kvinnor i så pass litenutsträckning finns representerade på högre ledarpositioner. Den teoretiska referensramsom legat till grund för vårt arbete är Rosabeth Moss Kanters glastak (1993), GiseleAsplund (1984) och flera andra uppföljare inom området så som Anna Wahl (2003),Anita Göransson (2004) och Tuija Muhonen (2009). Vi valde en kvalitativ ståndpunktoch har använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer i syfte att fånga upp variationen ide olika individernas berättelser.Resultaten visar att både männen och kvinnorna anser sig inte ha gjort karriär då deförknippar begreppet till något negativt.

Problem formulation: The awareness and importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is growing within both corporations and society at large. The corporate progress in sustainable development can be both profitable and essential for the potential to compete globally. The value of sustainability reporting may differ between industries and companies of different sizes. The demands for sustainability reports are expected to increase. By 2010, no previous survey on sustainability reporting practices had been conducted within Swedish corporations. Purpose: The aim of the current study was to examine sustainability reports within Swedish corporations during 2010 and to compare the findings with preceding surveys to determine differences over time and between corporations.

1. Reaction on burial depth and nitrogen availability and placement in competition with a crop In this trial it was investigated how couch grass (Elymus repens) changes its ability to compete in stands of wheat and barley with different burial depth and different amounts and placement of nitrogen. More knowledge in this area can be valuable in the attempt to decrease the use of herbicides and still keep the weeds under control. The trial was carried out in the summer of 2004 as an outdoor pot experiment. The pots contained 15 litres of soil with a surface of 0,06 m2.

AbstractAccording to several researchers finance is scarce, scarcer for small businesses than for big enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs, that want to start exporting and sales or manufacturing abroad need capital to get ready. Which capital structure and financial costs do they have, and which forms of finance do they actually use for that purpose. New american research by Mansi, Reeb (2002) has suggested, that there is a positive connection between leverage and a negative one between financial costs and internationalization, and that a non-linear model better describes this connection.This study has gathered data in two ways: Through a questionnaire from 37 SMEs and balance sheet figures from totally 166 manufacturing SMEs. In order to examine, whether the company was active on the international market, 200 SMEs in south Sweden were asked, if they exported to, produced or sold on any other market than their home market.

Syftet med detta arbete har varit att lyfta fram de yngsta barnen i förskolan. Vi har velat undersöka samspelet mellan barnen och förutsättningarna att göra det i förskolan. Tyngdpunkten har legat på att försöka ta reda på hur detta samspel kan se ut, vad som kan gynna respektive missgynna det samt pedagogernas syn på och förhållningssätt till detta. Studien bygger på forskning som haft betydelse för den förändrade synen på små barns samspel. Denna syn har ändrats från att ha betraktat små barn som egocentriska till att idag se på dem som kompetenta till samspel.

The purpose of this study is twofold: First, to inquire how the George W. Bush administration plans to keep America safe from external threats and second ? based on the assumption that neoconservatives have influenced the Bush administration ? examine how neoconservative ideas have influenced this strategy to protect America. The research questions are as follows:What is the content of the Bush administration?s security strategy?How are neoconservative ideas reflected in this security strategy?To answer the first question, the main points of two studied documents were summarized.

This report was written as a result of a Bachelor Degree Project at the School of Technology and Society at University of Skövde spring 2007, together with Jede AB in Mariestad. The report covers the development of a door to a coffee vending machine that is under construction, and will in a chronological order describe the project from ideas to final product.The project started with a rather extensive feasibility study that thru market research and user tests sorted out the opinions of potential customers, concerning today?s available assortment. Technical areas concerning materials and manufacturing methods were also scrutinized for the consideration of the possibilities of a future production.The next step was to constructively generate ideas and thoughts that later on could grow to be potential solutions. After several weeks of hard work and pieces of good advice and recommendations from the assigner, four comprehensive concepts were built up.

Under de senaste årtiondena har det blivit allt vanligare att företag köper in tjänster från externa leverantörer istället för att producera tjänsterna själva, s.k. outsourcing. Idag väljer en majoritet av alla fastighetsbolag att outsourca delar av sin verksamhet, denna metod kan ge både för och nackdelar. Det är därför intressant att undersöka vad som styr dessa beslut och vilka motiv och risker företag tar i anseende.Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva de motiv och risker som påverkar beslutet om out- respektive insourcing av förvaltningstjänster inom ett hyresrättsförvaltande bolag.För att uppnå detta har en kvalitativ metod, i form av en fallstudie valts. Studien granskar det hyresrättsförvaltande fastighetsbolaget HFAB och de motiv och risker de förknippar med outsourcing.

Hälsans Trädgård is a project which is going to start in Gamla Linköping, Sweden. The authors were commissioned by Arbetslivsresurs, a company working with work rehabilitation, to select, define and make job analyses on five work tasks at Hälsans Trädgård in Gamla Linköping. A job analysis means an analysis of the demands the job make of the individual. The job analysis used in this study is called The Revised Handbook for Analyzing Jobs (RHAJ) and is from the US Department of Labor (DOL). As RHAJ is an American instrument, the authors produced a form where the concepts are translated into Swedish to make the analysis easier.

The law of preferential rights has, since the 70?s, given företagshypotek a high priority after a company has claimed bankruptcy. After the costs concerning the insolvent estate and the liens, företagshypotek has received full refund. The effect has been that the unprioritized creditors often have not recieved any of their claims after the bank have re-cieved theirs. Many countries have during the last decades deviated from this law and in 2003, Sweden decided to take the same path.

Syfte: Att beskriva den svenska operatörsmarknaden för IP-telefoni och att diskutera branschens framtida utveckling samt dess eventuella inverkan på traditionella telefonoperatörer.Metod: Det empiriska underlaget har baserats på personliga intervjuer och telefonintervjuer med dels operatörer verksamma på den svenska marknaden, dels ett flertal experter. Information har även insamlats via Internet. Teori om affärsmodeller, värdekedjor och disruptiva teknologier har använts för att analysera materialet.Slutsatser: Skillnaden när det gäller affärsmodeller och värdekedjor är störst mellan Internetaktörer och de båda andra typerna av aktörer. För att förbättra affärsmodellerna bör nätoperatörerna försöka identifiera olika kundsegment och koncentrera sig på ett eller några specifika, och inte samma som konkurrenterna. Vidare bör de intensifiera marknadsföringen av IP-telefoni som ny och revolutionerande.

The flexibility of the labour market is considered as an instrument for increasing economic growth.Therefore has the use of flexible employment, also called atypical employment, increased. The atypical employment is characterized by insecurity in comparison with a traditional permanent full- time employment. One of the most common atypical employments is the manning employment, which is insecure whether it is permanent or not. The insecurity in the industry is based on insecure income, unpredictable working hours and poor psychosocial work environment.In order to encourage a continued increase of flexibility in the labour market while the need for security for staffing employees would be satisfied was Directive 2008:104 adopted. A certain amount of security has been achieved.