The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the regulatory power, efficiency and impact of export control on Swedish arms export from the 1980s onwards, linked to the delegation of authority of permit license to the Inspectorate of Strategic Products in 1997. An increase in the administrative sector, based on a collective decision making process and established criteria and guidelines, aimed to strengthen the control of arms export to non-democratic and problematic states. In short, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze whether there was a decrease in the arms export to problematic states or not. On one hand, it is reasonable to assume that the introduction of the new regulation entailed a more strict arms export policy. However, previous research has showed that regulations are sometimes not effective since incentives to breach these may be present.The study begins by examining the Swedish case and situation in terms of arms manufacturing and export, as well as the delegation of authority and legislation applied to the field over time.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the regulatory power, efficiency and impact of export control on Swedish arms export from the 1980s onwards, linked to the delegation of authority of permit license to the Inspectorate of Strategic Products in 1997. An increase in the administrative sector, based on a collective decision making process and established criteria and guidelines, aimed to strengthen the control of arms export to non-democratic and problematic states. In short, the aim of the study is to investigate and analyze whether there was a decrease in the arms export to problematic states or not. On one hand, it is reasonable to assume that the introduction of the new regulation entailed a more strict arms export policy. However, previous research has showed that regulations are sometimes not effective since incentives to breach these may be present.The study begins by examining the Swedish case and situation in terms of arms manufacturing and export, as well as the delegation of authority and legislation applied to the field over time.

The global market is becoming increasingly integrated and to keep up with growing competition and to achieve even greater success, companies expand to foreign markets. Previous studies have shown that the concept of psychic distance has an important impact on international performance regarding small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The aim of our study is to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of how psychic distance influences export performance regarding Swedish SMEs. Through a single case study of a Swedish SME, we chose to research three different markets in three different continents. Our findings show that psychic distance influences export performance through export marketing strategy and active learning.

Examensarbetet har haft som syfte att få fram en färdig konceptlösning för att på ett effektivt sätt kunna frakta kabeltrummor i stål med en ytterdiameter på fyra meter i en container med endast 2.58 meters dörröppning, genom att göra kabeltrumman delbar. En lösning som väl i drift utgör en betydande ekonomisk fördel för uppdragsgivaren. Examensarbetet har resulterat i ett koncept som innebär att uteslutandeskruvförband används för att kunna dela och montera en kabeltrumma. Vi har underarbetet konstaterat att vår lösning inte innebär försämrade hållfasthetsegenskaper.Förutom konstruktionsfasen har arbetet även innefattat framtagande av en packplanför container med standardiserade mått samt en monteringsanvisning..

There is a new beverage container on the market, a bottle made out of pure aluminum as a replacement for the traditional container made out of glass. This new container has the potential to reduce both cost and pollution during transportation, the lighter and stronger construction has every advantage compared to the old one in glass. The new container has every possibility to make it on the market. Some of the biggest brands within the soft drink market already use these bottles in countries without any recycling demands like: Coca-Cola, Heineken and Pepsi. The only thing stopping these brands from the Swedish market is the lack of a functional return system, there is only one company that uses the bottle in Sweden today and they take care of their own used bottles.

A new type of forest tree seedling, called mini seedling, has been developed by the University of Dalarna in Garpenberg, Sweden. Compared to traditional containerized seedlings that are grown for 1 ? 2 years, mini seedlings are grown for only 10 weeks. The mini seedlings are small, easily planted, cost effective, and reduce the amount of chemicals used in the nursery. Research has shown that mini seedlings tend to have higher overall survival rates than traditional container seedlings.

Examensarbetet undersöker om det är möjligt att utföra en nivåmätning där underlaget är ojämnt med en begränsad budget och ändå få ett tillförlitligt resultat.För att kunna testa det så används tre stycken ultraljud sensorer i ett skåp som simulerar en container. Varje sensor utför mätningen och sedan filtreras värdena. Hela systemet filtreras sedan med ytterligare ett filter och då blir noggrannheten ca 4 cm från den riktiga fyllnaden. Miljöpåverkan skulle bli mindre om det framtagna systemet installerades i alla containrar vid de miljöstationer som finns i Sverige. Lastbilarna som ska tömma innehållet behöver aldrig köra till en ha lvtom container vilket även drar ner kostnaderna för miljöstationerna.

Live exports of animals began during the late 19th century and are nowadays a valuable alternative to the slaughter industry in Australia. About four million sheep and half a million to one million cattle are exported annually from Australia to the Middle East and Southeast Asia. Most of these animals are exported for slaughter, but some cattle are exported with the purpose of breeding. One factor that has been the driving force for the live export industry is that countries through tariffs and other barriers have favored the import of live animals rather than the import of meat.The export means that animals with a great cognitive ability are exposed to a long chain of production from the farm to the market and there are many factors that can affect the welfare of the animals in a negative way. Some of the most serious are high temperatures and a high stocking density, although seasickness, noises and handling can also have a negative impact on the welfare of animals.

The fork lifter chipper truck is a concept which has been developed for harvest and transport of bio fuel. The system consists of one fork lifter chipper truck and 1, 2 or 3 transport lorries, usually two, which serves the fork lifter chipper truck. The system is driven by the fork lifter chipper truck that produces chipped material into a container on the truck. When the container has been filled the truck drives to the landing site where it?s offloaded.

År 2005 slopade EU sina importkvoter på TEKO-varor efter att i många år ha skyddat sina inhemska producenter från omvärldens konkurrens och begränsat utvecklingsländers tillträde till unionens marknad. Den här uppsatsen undersöker konsekvenserna av handelsliberaliseringen för tolv utvecklingsländers export av kläder och textilier till EU genom att handelstatistik från Eurostat används för att jämföra EU:s import av TEKO före och efter slopandet. Som väntat ökade Kina och Indiens export till EU efter avregleringen. Däremot har sju av tolv studerade länder minskat sin exporttillväxt av kläder till följd av förlorade preferenser från handelsavtal och ökad konkurrens när kvoterna eliminerades. Förändringarna blev betydligt större i handeln med kläder än med textilier och effekterna omedelbart efter avregleringen var mer dramatiska än under åren som följde.

The purpose of this essay is to draw attention to the obstacles that affects the internal trade of waste within the EU. The essay doesn?t in any way encourage pollution or illegal handling of waste but unfortunately there are large profits to be made from illegal destruction and recycling of waste and especially hazardous wastes. Therefore the dependable companies handling waste must access a market with fast and flexible (but predictable) regulations as well as lower transaction costs to help make the environment better and encourage a strive for increased recycling. There are examples where some waste only can be sent to a land-fill within the country but could be recycled in other EU-countries.

The purpose of this thesis is to study how Swedish independent record labels, or indie labels, fared on the Japanese market. The research questions were based on how Swedish independent record labels establish themselves on the Japanese market and how the cultural differences between the nations affect the business relationship. It was decided to execute a case study on two Swedish independent record labels and the Swedish export council for music. The ones chosen as study objects were B & B Records, Razzia Records and Export Music Sweden. The conclusions were that the indie labels need to understand the importance of personal business relationships when trying to get established on the Japanese market.

Studien är skriven på uppdrag av Kubera konsult, som är ett konsult företag specialiserade på att hjälpa mindre och medelstora företag i Norrland att börja exportera.De senaste åren har export och import ökat i snabb takt och handeln i Sverige består idag av två tredjedelar av Sveriges bruttonationalprodukt. Trots de senare årens utbredning av den globala marknaden samt en allt mer utökad forskning inom internationalisering så finns det ännu väldigt lite fakta och studier om vad som påverkar vissa företag att börja exportera, medan andra med till synes samma förutsättningar väljer att avböja.Studiens syfte är att utvinna en ökad förståelse i vilka faktorer i pre-exportprocessen som påverkar att små och medelstora företag i Norrland slutligen väljer att exportera eller inte, samt vidare hur dessa påverkar företagets väg genom pre-export processen. Vårt mål med denna forskning är att den ska vara till kunskap åt norrlänska företag och organisationer inriktade på att utöka exportverksamheter inom olika områden.Vi har valt att applicera teorier kring områdena företaget, beslutsfattaren och stimuli. Där vi utifrån dessa delar jämför och granskar fyra företag som undersökt/undersöker möjligheten med export samt fem företag som aktivt bedriver export. Samtliga forskningsobjekt i studien är små och medelstora företag, grundade och stationerade i Norrland.

Enligt Steenken et al. (2004) motsvarar container shipping 60 % av världens transporter över haven. Användningen av containertransporter har ökat med tio gånger sedan mitten av 80-talet. En ökning av containertrafik ställer enligt Steenken et al. (2004) ökat krav på hamnars logistik och styrning samt val av teknisk utrustning.

The report is part of the university´engineer program within Industrial Organization and Economics with specialization in Logistics and Managment at Jönköping´s university.Skoghall´s mill underlies a large supply chain, which means there should be a lot of areas in need of small improvement measures. This report illustrates a small part of one of these areas and is focused on the loading distribution services in the terminal Vänern.At the moment there´s a very unequal load of the load carriers SECU box and Container at the terminal. Skoghall´s mill has the desire to equalize the high and low load levels of the 2 loading carriers named previously. One of the options to solve the problem is to set a limit of how much the carriers can load per week or per day. The mill also wants it to be investigated if the proposition would influence the customers in any way and if both the company and its customers could handle a lower level of delivery services in case the proposition was to be applied.The goal to be achieved with this thesis is to provide balance to the unequall loading of the 2 load carriers, SECU and Container, and investigate whether or not the Skoghall´s mill´s customers, could manage the lower degree of delivery service that the proposition would imply.For this goal to be achieved, random sample investigations were taken from orders of a customer that is provided with SECU load carriers and the same was made with a Container´s customer.