I Sverige står byggnader för nästan 40 procent av den totala energiförbrukningen och energibesparingspotentialen är enorm. Samtidigt dyker det upp mängder med aktörer som vill hjälpa fastighetsägare att energieffektivisera och allt fler energitjänster introduceras till marknaden. Möjligheterna för ett samarbete mellan fastighetsbolag och företag som erbjuder energitjänster har aldrig varit större, och en av dessa aktörer är energibolagen. Konkurrensen är dock hård och för att säkerställa sin konkurrenskraft på marknaden krävs effektiva samarbeten, där kundnöjdhet är i fokus, vilket i sin tur ökar behovet av kundkännedom hos energibolagen.Syftet med denna studie är att hjälpa energibolaget Elkraft Sverige att förstå olika fastighetsbolags energisituation och behov av energitjänster, samt rekommendera hur de bör utveckla sitt energitjänsteerbjudande för att kunna bistå dessa kunder på bästa sätt i framtiden.Detta gjordes genom att olika typer av svenska fastighetsbolag kartlades och analyserades med avseende på deras energisituation, beslutsfattande gällande energifrågor samt behov av energitjänster. För att samla in data genomfördes först en litteraturstudie, sedan semi-strukturerade intervjuer med högt uppsatta beslutsfattare samt en enkätundersökning.Slutsatsen blev att Elkraft Sverige bör finslipa sina befintliga energitjänster och komplettera sitt begränsade erbjudande genom att ingå externa allianser med kompetenta aktörer.

This essay addresses and treats the employer's obligation to work adaptation for people with a physical disability according to discrimination law and the work environment law. Furthermore it also treats the employer's obligation to rehabilitation of employees that has a reduced working ability as consequence of their work. The essay also intends to investigate if there are any differences in the employer?s obligation to work adaptation when recruiting and the employer?s obligation to work adaption for an existing employment. In this work, there is a background chapter which describes the UN and the European Union's approach to work reduction ability and disability. Furthermore, there is a detailed description of the work environment law, the discrimination law, the social insurance code and the employment protection legislation.

The aim of this essay is to study the decision making process and implementation of the principle of political participation and influence for Roma minority in Sweden. The results regarding the decision making process is structured through a discourse influenced policy analyses. Problem picture and recommended measures in the political documents representing the decision making process are analysed through theories of minority rights and equality. The implementation is seen through, by the author given minority discourse and the work in the roma council and analysed by the same theories already mentioned.The results show that regarding the decision process the aim of art.15 in the framework convention is based on the idea of equality while the Swedish documents relates more to an idea of the right to speak for the group. Regarding recommended measures, the framework convention gives several recommendations on specific measures for political participation while the Swedish documents focuses on the general politics of the state.

Background: Low Price-Earnings ratio, low Book-to market ratio and low stock prices can give the impression that a stock is ?cheap?. Is it through systematic use of these portfolio strategies possible to beat the market index ? in other words does financial illusions exist? Purpose: To examine if the Stockholm Stock Exchange is an efficient market. Limitations: The efficiency is tested solely through the chosen portfolio strategies: low Price-Earnings ratio, low Book-to-market ratio and low stock prices.

Investment in hedge funds is a relatively new phenomenon for investors compared with other forms of savings. In recent years, the interest has increased among investors in investing their money in hedge funds, given the protection against declines in the market they are aiming for. Their main purpose is to generate a high return at a low risk regardless of market trends. This they can achieve by having fewer restrictions that offer more flexible investment strategies and freer investment opportunities.The purpose of this paper is to identify how the selected hedge fund strategies have performed during the recent economic downturn. We also want to clarify the claim that hedge funds exhibit a positive absolute return regardless of what the market is performing.In order to answer the purpose of the essay and its problems, we have used a quantitative method with a deductive approach in the processing of data.

Due to higher standards of living around the world, greater industries and larger infrastructures causes an increase of the global energy consumption. This harvest of energy puts a great stress on the global environment. With this development, it becomes increasingly important to utilize energy resources in the best possible way.Fans are components that are often used in the industry and in households. A common problem is that the fan is oversized. An oversized fan causes an excessive flow, which has to be adjusted in order to achieve the correct flow.

The work is performed at Forsmark Group AB as a final step in the Bachelor ofScience program in nuclear engineering at the University of Uppsala in 2013.The work is part of an ongoing process of streamlining project system model FKA.Streamlining the project model is an important aspect that affects all largecompanies that somehow have a project governing body when there is muchfinancial resources to save. Although the quality of the projects is positivelyaffected by efficiencyThe aim is to find possible common weaknesses and strengths of the project systemby interviewing a number of project managers, and using the systems in placeexamine the model.As part of the work also includes examining what project managers have to adjust tothe newly implemented system VPMM, and other newly introduced elements thathave been added to improve the efficiency in the futureProject System is a complex system that is influenced by many different parametersand participating individuals' attitude and personality. But then small changes in themodel could have major economic consequences.The thesis has generated results that show common weaknesses among the variousprojects and their project managers' general opinions about the project model. It alsopresents some possible solutions based on own thoughts and those interviewedobjects suggestions and comments..

The purpose of this study has been to evaluate whether a Low temperature bio-mass dryer could be integrated with the local district heating system in Malå. The aim is to increase the thermal efficiency of the cogeneration plant in Malå, by lowering the temperature of the cooling medium. Another benefit that comes from this is improved combustion efficiency at the power plant, since drying the fuel causes an Increase of the heating value.Simulations has been made in Excel, and with use of linear regression, to find out if it is profitable. Data for this purpose has been supplied by the power company Skellefteåkraft and furthermore SMHI.The result of the Calculations shows that a very efficient bio-mass dryer is needed, if yield of investments should be made possible. An Investment of 4,27 Mkr, in a dryer, could at a such criterium return 60000 kr/year, if the price of the biomass is 190kr/MWh.

In today?s society climate change has grown to one of the largest global issues. To reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, large changes of the energy system are required. An increasingly popular solution is investments in local production of renewable energy resources like wind, solar or geothermal power. The following report examines the possibility for implementing a solar power plant on the new hospital Nya Karolinska Solna. Two different technologies for extraction of solar energy has been studied, solar thermal collectors  to meet the need of heating and solar cells to satisfy the need for electricity linked to operating the hospital building.

NCC has given us a commission to investigate a planned housing area in Haga, Karlstad, situated close to the traffic route Hagaleden and the railway. The housing area consists of one hundred apartments in five different houses. The houses are linked to each other by balconies with glass panels. A long carport is situated between Hagaleden and the housing area to absorb part of the noise from the road. The design of the housing area is creating a silent backyard.

This essay discusses and evaluates the international currency market in regards to efficiency. To prove the theory that, the difference between expected and actual exchange rates is explained by the difference in expected and actual interest rates and the difference in expected and actual inflation between countries, a model was developed. This model was inspired by the paper of Sebastian Edwards (1982), and is based on three theories; UIP, IS/LM and the Efficient Markets Hypothesis. The model uses 16 regressions estimated from three pairs of curriencies: $/SEK, £/SEK and ?/SEK.

The ski resort is a business unlike any other. While providing the customer with a service, it produces the service in a manner that in many respects resemble the traditional producing company. Therefore, since the challenges facing the ski resort are a mixture of what can be found in these different environments, this study aims to investigate the applicability of Lean principles in this context. With a qualitative approach based on direct observation, combined with survey data from 2819 respondents, we evaluate the expected effects on customer value of ten commonly defined Lean principles. The study finds that although Lean theory can help disseminate customers throughout the resort and provide greater transparency, the nature of the operations calls for caution.

In the light of new technology health care is now given the opportunity to form a more mobile way of working that would bring about potential gains in terms of efficiency and quality. On the other hand, a more mobile health care also requires a more generous handling of personal information, something that may raise issues in terms of privacy. This study shows that the privacy of the patient requires two things: (i) that the personal information of the patient is handled in a way that generates her an overall positive expected utility and that (ii) the negative expected utility that each risk of an information leakage causes is offset by the expected utility it also makes possible. The first requirement (i) is shown, in comparison with today?s way of working, to be met due to the potential gains in efficiency and quality in combination with no increase in the probability of informational leakage or negative effects of such a leakage. The second requirement (ii) was also considered met since no separate risks of information leakage could be identified that was not offset by the gains it made possible in terms of expected utility..

At the end of 70s and the beginning of 80s, 18 terminals was built and used for chipping wood residue from clear cuttings. Most of the terminals was terminated before the 2000s but with the high oil- and energy prices that we can see today there might be a place for these terminals again. The goal with the study was to analyze and compare economical differences between 5 different logistical systems, collected data was used with a set of formulas. The systems include long range transport of slash, chips and bundles. Three of the systems include transport by lorry to industry the last two includes a terminal with access to train transport.

Shopping for groceries often means that, as consumers, we travel to the grocery store ourselves, by ear, bike or on foot. At the store we pick out the groceries that we want, go the register and pay for them. During the last couple of years consumers in Sweden have been given the opportunity to let someone else select and transport the groceries to their home instead, so called home shopping. As this report is being written, the possibility to buy groceries this way is somewhat limited, but many forecasters believe that in the near future it will increase immensely. Because of the large volumes of groceries that are being transported, there is great transport work being done in the supply chain.