Systemanalys av skogsbränsletransporter
At the end of 70s and the beginning of 80s, 18 terminals was built and used for chipping wood residue from clear cuttings. Most of the terminals was terminated before the 2000s but with the high oil- and energy prices that we can see today there might be a place for these terminals again. The goal with the study was to analyze and compare economical differences between 5 different logistical systems, collected data was used with a set of formulas. The systems include long range transport of slash, chips and bundles. Three of the systems include transport by lorry to industry the last two includes a terminal with access to train transport. At the terminal bundles will be unloaded from a lorry to a train or slash will be chipped directly on to a train and thereafter be transported to industry. The end product at the industry in all cases is chips and all the systems are being presented in SEK/ton and SEK/MWh.
A terminal with access to train transport is the cheapest alternative when transporting slash over a distance of 130 km. Changes in moisture content and loss in substance due to storing of slash, bundles or chips have a great impact on the total economy in a biofuel system. The cost for bundling- and chip system doesn?t deviate much when changes in moisture content and loss of substance is absent in the calculations. The cost of transporting chips or bundles by train is initially high but the cost doesn?t increase much after that. When transporting by truck the cost is initially low but then it increases rapidly depending on the distance. Forwarding of slash, chipping at roadside or at a terminal and train transport with bundles should be taken in consideration when trying to heighten the efficiency in a biofuel system.