This paper deals with the opportunities for the technique of condensation, for wood fired household heaters, on the Swedish market. In this project the condenser is preceded by a scrubber and both energy exchange and separation of unburnt particles have been studied. The facility studied is connected to a wood stove at 30 kW. The tests would show that the effect from the stove never reached above 16 kW. This might be a result of the low temperature of the water going into the stove, from the condenser. In addition to this the wood was not of highest quality and the stove could have needed some maintenance before the tests.

In this master thesis outage statistics covering tree years from two distribution grids are analyzed with the purpose to deduce which factors yield outages. The statistics are extensive therefore allowing in-depth analysis of both customer and system related factors. From this starting point and as a model of explanation energy not supplied is studied as the consequence and the measurement of the inconvenience caused by outages. Different methods for calculating energy not supplied are developed and studied and put in comparison to the method used in Network Performance Assessment Model, which is the Swedish frame work for regulating electricity distribution.Analysis of the outage statistics show a relation between the type category of customer and outages that can be deduced to the variance and the density associated with that customer category. Prioritization of different customer categories is elevated also in this aspect.

Lack of political interest and will to deal with human rights violations carried out under the civil- military dictatorship, has characterized the transition and post-transition in Uruguay. The systematic use of torture, arbitrary imprisonments and forced disappearances in the relatively small country created a culture of fear that has been present through out the post-transition phase. Human rights groups have been central actors in the fight for truth and justice and against impunity. This study analyzes how these groups multiple democracy-building functions have contributed to democratic development. It also analyses how the democracy-building functions have been constrained by the political context.

Organic material used for biogas production can also undergo other treatments. The emissions and impact from the different treatments are evaluated in this environmental assessment, with a focus on energy and climate. The materials included in the study are organic household waste, slaughterhouse waste and liquid manure. Other than biogas production, the possible treatments for organic household waste and slaughterhouse waste are incineration and composting, and for liquid manure storing and spreading. The analysis is based on data and information from current and relevant literature, and relates to the conditions in the Swedish energy system.

In several countries that have been early in the development of wind farms, there is today a second hand market for the used wind turbines. The European Union (EU) has established a waste hierarchy in order to minimize throwaway mentality. The second hand market is a part of this as the steps are to minimize, reuse, recycle, extract energy and landfill.In order to promote the development of renewable energy, there are energy certificates for the producers that provide it, wind power being one type of renewable energy. After 15 years the energy certificates for a specific wind turbine are no longer paid, and after that there are several different scenarios for the wind turbine. The scenarios investigated in this bachelor?s thesis are export of the wind turbine to countries that are not as far along as Sweden in their development towards renewable energy, selling in Sweden to individuals, and recycling of the wind turbine, as it mostly consists of metals and therefore is recyclable.

Between 1965 and 1974, the Swedish Parliament decided to build one million dwellings, called Million Program. The million program buildings were erected with new, untried design solutions, in a short range of time, and at low cost. The residential buildings from that time are now greatly in need of renovation. The municipal housing company, Gavlega?rdarna, renovates and improves the energy efficiency at some of it?s apartment buildings in the district Sa?tra, Ga?vle.

By using industrialized building, pre-installed modules can be delivered to the construction site where they are easily mounted. This method has many advantages compared to on-site manufacturing, for example, the precision during the production process should be much higher than building each wall and floor on site. Furthermore, the quick erection procedure when using prefabricated elements and the possibility to use weather protection has the advantage of not being dependent on weather conditions, and many other factors.Masonite Beams AB is a Swedish company (a member of the Norwegian company, Byggma ASA) with a relatively new technology using light weight beams as bearing elements in the walls and a certain stiff board lamella slap which is mounted on the top of the floor structure creating an integrated stiff beam / board floor structure. The elements are flat which make it much easier to transport the elements from the factory to the building site where the building parts are easily mounted with special mounting stud.One of the main drawbacks of lightweight structure is the sound transmission. The main topic is low frequency annoyance, however the complex structural elements and their mutual sensitive connections other acoustical problems might appear.

This project aims to investigate whether algae can be used for biodiesel production in Italy. Algaes are a good option since they are fast growing and do not occupy arable land. The aspects that have been considered are growing, harvesting, which algae strain that is most suitable, extraction of oil, the production of biodiesel and where in Italy this could be possible due to climate. Cost? and energy calculations have been made to investigate if biodiesel produced from algae would be profitable. During the production of biodiesel there are several residues obtained. When the oil has been extracted from the algae, biogas is produced from the residual biomass by anaerobic digestion and then the electricity that can be produced is supplied to the production of biodiesel.

Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att undersöka om det är möjligt att överföra hallbyggnadsteknik till produktion av småhus för att sänka produktionskostnaderna. Studien visar att hallbyggnadsteknik enkelt går att överföra till en villa. Dessutom blir det billigare att bygga klimatskalet med vårt byggsystem jämfört med ett traditionellt prefabricerat småhus. Genom detta system kan den totala byggkostnaden för villan i jämförelsen sänkas med 3-10 % beroende på vilket fasadmaterial som väljs..

Dairy cows transform grass to milk with help from ruminal microorganisms that can digest indigestible fiber in their feed. The digestive system of the cow is adapted to a diet consisting of forage and disorders like acidosis, laminitis and abomasal displacement can occur if the feed contains too much starch. To achieve the highest production possible the cow has to be given a high amount of concentrate or grain as the difference in milk yield is significant, approximately 1000 kg energy corrected milk per cow and year between conventional and organic cows that are fed a lower versus a higher share of forage. If the cow shall be able to eat the same amount of energy from forage as from grain or concentrate the eating- and rumination time gets longer and she might not be able to eat enough, which will result in a lower milk yield and will make it harder for the cow to recover from the negative energy balance that originate from the beginning of the lactation. Fat and in a sense protein content differs also depending on if the cow is given a high or low share of forage..

There are many factors in a building project that has to collaborate with one another in order to reach the desired end result, how you work with moisture issues in timber is a very important one. While constructing Varbergs Hospital, the building company Skanska came in contact with the issue of extra high demands on the moisture content in timber. What they requested from us was a moisture program in which you clearly could follow the routines regarding work with moisture in timber. The aim is to use this program as a help during the work, in order to achieve a good result.We have developed this study in addition to the moisture program. The aim is that this study will give you a deeper understanding of the important factors to consider.

I denna rapport presenteras ett existerande system som kan hantera paketerade program (?building blocks?) modulärt. Systemet tillämpas på produkten iipax. Ett building block är en enhet (?plugin?) som kan förflyttas mellan iipax-projekt.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionTitle: The effect of the glycemic index of breakfasts in energy intake inchildren and adolescentsAuthor: Charlotte Olofsson, Cornelia Johansson and Maria NordbeckSupervisor: Fredrik BertzExaminer: Ingrid LarssonProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 16, 2013Background: The glycemic index (GI) and it´s effect on energy intake is a debated subject.Research has been done whether food with lower GI decreases hunger and lowers energyintake, which could be an effective tool to prevent overweight in children and adolescents.Breakfast eating is successful for maintaining a healthy weight and it´s therefore interesting tosee if the quality of the carbohydrates matters.Objective: To evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the effect of GI of breakfasts inchildren?s and adolescents energy intake.Search strategy: To find relevant articles, a systematic literature search was made in thedatabases PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. Search terms that were used were: breakfast,breakfast quality, children, glycemic index, energy intake, obesity.Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials and cohort trials, breakfast eatingindividuals, children and adolescents under 18 years old, reported glycemic index. Outcomemeasurements: Energy intake.Data collection and analysis: Six original articles met the inclusion criteria and werereviewed by the SBU audit template for randomized and controlled studies. There after onearticle was excluded because of very low quality of the study.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the electric solar potential on the Swedish island Gotland. The Gotlandic habitations have been divided into four house categories. For each category energy demand, roof area, geographic orientation androof tilt have been decided. Solar radiation data have been collected from the Swedish solar radiation model STRÅNG (STRÅNG, 2012).The buildings characteristics and the solar radiation have been used as input values in common solar formulas, the solar potential for each building category have been summed up to a total electric solar potential for the region.The electric solar potential on Gotland was calculated to 242 GWh/year with solar data from 2010. Gotlands largest city, Visby, is marked as cultural heritage by UNESCO (UNESCO, 2012).

I detta arbete har den faktiska och simulerade energianvändningen på Spira förskola i Luleå undersökts. Den faktiska specifika normalårskorrigerade energianvändningen fastställdes till 121,4 kWh/kvm år. Vid projektering av förskolan uppskattades den specifika energianvändningen med hjälp av simuleringsprogrammet VIP-Energy till 78,5 kWh/m2 år. Därmed översteg den verkliga användningen den simulerade med 54,6 %.En parameterstudie av indata till simuleringsprogramet har också genomförts med avsikt att fastställa den totala förändringen i energianvändning då indata ändras. Följande parametrar har studerats;?Drifttid hos ventilationssystemet?Horisontvinkel?Inomhustemperatur?Klimatzonen?Kvot mellan till- och frånluft?Luftomsättning för ventilationssystemet?Solreflektion från omgivande mark?Temperaturverkningsgrad?Vindhastighet?Vridning av byggnadenNyckeltal som kan användas för att snabbt uppskatta påverkan på den totala energianvändningen har också sammanställts för majoriteten av de studerade parametrarna.