Background: The background explains different financial crises and the effect those crises had on the Swedish acquits regarding variable compensation. The resent discussion regarding variable compensation and the main problems with bonuses is also explained. Our theories for this essay is mainly based on the new directions from Finansinspektionen FFFS 2009:6,7 and stakeholder theory. Other theories used are agency theory, stewardship theory and economic man.Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to analyze the new directions for variable compensation and to investigate if these new directions can lead to a more long-term thinking for managers in banks. Method: We used semi-structured interviews with open questions for our survey.

Den övergripande frågeställningen i uppsatsen utgörs av att utröna vilka risker och förtjänster som är kopplade till ett ökat användande av marknadsmekanismer, i form av B/U-modell, konkurrens, valfrihet och alternativa driftsformer, som styrsystem inom akutsjukvården i den s.k. Stockholmsmodellen. Hur påverkas de olika aktörernas agerande vad avser mål om att åstadkomma kostnadseffektivitet, kvalitetsutveckling, ändamålsenliga prioriteringar samt kostnadskontroll? Resultatet av studien är att det föreligger stora tveksamheter kring om det skapats en intern sjukvårdsmarknad i enlighet med de ambitioner som ställdes upp vid införandet. Idag sker istället en återgång mot tidigare styrformer.

International regulations target a global reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through the allocation of national reduction targets and the definition of mechanisms to achieve these targets. One of these mechanisms is international emissions trading, these trading programs have been the targets of widespread criticism since they were introduced into the policy-making arena. The point of departure in this study has been that the trading raises questions about morality, since it implies signals, which legitimates pollution. The main purpose with this study has been to find out if emissions trading systems can be morally justified with the method of wide reflective equilibrium. From the study it was found that the moral intuition; it is wrong to pollute the environment, and perform activities, which legitimates pollution, finds support from the different theories within environmental ethics and Kantian ethics.

Majoriteten av världens extremt fattiga bor i rurala områden och 300 miljoner av dem i Indien och Kina. Trots att länderna kommit en bit på vägen i sin strukturella omvandling arbetar fortfarande runt hälften av befolkningen på landsbygden inom jordbruket. De direkta och indirekta effekterna som den primära sektorn skapar har visat sig viktiga av olika anledningar. Hur detta kommer sig undersöks närmare i denna uppsats som är en litteraturstudie om rural fattigdom och jordbrukssektorn roll för att minska denna i Indien och Kina. Dessutom kommer även den makroekonomiska politik som förts i länderna samt andra jordbruksspecifika faktorers inverkan på sektorn att granskas.

Sustainable urban development is a concept that has become increasingly important as the urbanization continues and more and more challenges are focused to the cities.  The Swedish government and authorities regulates and sets goals for how a sustainable urban development is to be achieved. These laws and goals are vaguely defined, which leads to disputes between the actors about how the term should be interpreted. By examining Västermalms Strand, an urban development project in Stockholm, this study strives to describe how involved actors interpret the concept of sustainable urban development and what the consequences of this are for urban development in Stockholm from an ecological, social and economic perspective. A case study has been carried out where a document study and interviews have been conducted. The interviews were conducted with four key actors from the private and public sector.

In this report the situation for cyclists on 2+1-roads is analysed and studied. Theseroads are often the old 13-meter roads that have been changed into 2+1 to increasethe security. Two road sections outside Motala in Sweden has been deep studiedand analysed. The different parts in the planning process show how the progressgoes. To begin with the change should be within the old 13 meters but after thepilot study was circulated for comments the result became a broadening to 13,75and 14,00 meters.

ABSTRACT Poverty, and in particular child poverty, is a serious social problem. Statistics show that the number of children living in poverty has increased over the last ten years. Earlier research shows that there are huge gaps in our knowledge of how the actors in civil society handle child poverty. With this study we hope to help fill this gap. The aim of our study is to look at how four different organisations working in the civil society in Uppsala perceive and handle child poverty.

In motion ?a traffic program for Nacka is the result of a survey of the traffic system and transportation situation in Nacka and suggests possible development opportunities. A new traffic strategy will be developed in the municipality of Nacka the coming years, which is the reason for this study: to map the current situation, identify strengths and weaknesses, needs and opportunities. This program suggests possible development opportunities and gives an historical overview of the transportation system, the current situation and an analysis of different transportation modes. A mapping of other municipalities? traffic strategies or programs have been done and included into the program as well as a prognosis for the coming years in the municipality.

An investigation into the industrial and economic conditions concerning the production, distribution and showing of what the contemporary hegemonic entertainment industry labels independent film..

Syfte Syftet är att undersöka hur netto- och bruttosparande samt uttag ur fonder för de fem största grupperna av sparare på den svenska fondmarknaden beror på fondernas avkastning. Vidare är syftet att undersöka om netto- och bruttosparandet samt uttagen är återkommande. MetodFör varje grupp fondsparare har tre OLS regressioner utförts ? en för varje typ sparande: nettosparande, bruttosparande och uttag ur fonder. Dessa regressioner användes för undersöka sambandet mellan sparande och avkastning samt om sparandet var återkommande.

Chile and Santiago are struggling with heavy environmental problems as a consequence of urbanisation and industrialisation. In the Santiago region the air is seriously contaminated and most of the rivers are classified as heavily polluted.The aim of this thesis is to survey the industrial fluid waste situation in the Santiago region and to make suggestions on technological improvements or process changes. The purpose is also to study five different enterprises more closely and to give more detailed suggestions for improvement. Another purpose is to summarize relevant Chilean legislation.Information, provided by the supervisory authority, about the release of industrial wastewater to rivers has been analysed. Deep interviews have been made with authorities and consultants.

Background: The trademark is something that surrounds us almost all the time wherever we are. Studies show that brands are becoming increasingly more and more important and that it is important to have a strong trademark. This may be a reason for acquisitions. A business is carried out for various reasons, but usually it is to gain market shares or to get advantages in the market, such as a trademark can help with. A contributory effect on the market can be customer loyalty to the trademark.

I have always been interested in sports, so when it was time to write the paper I chose to write about sports and economic.It has led to this problem: How is the function of management control and planning problems in sports?   Sports clubs are non-profit association and non-profit organizations aim to support members? moral and economic interests. A financial manager will lead the accounting department and have the final responsibility. The finance manager has to work to produce financial results, reports and custom operations (Högfeldt, 2011). A sports club use economic tools, usually budget.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the interest in Sami reindeer herders to use the Low Stress Stockhandling (LSS) method for handling reindeer. Also to find out which reindeer handling situations they think works the best and the worst, and which might need improvement. The purpose of LSS is to reduce the stress animals are subjected to during handling by creating consistent and calm responses from the animals. This is done by handling the animals through the animals? point of view and using natural herd behavior to accomplish this.

Trots att den Europeiska Unionen tillhör ett av de rikaste områdena i världen så finns det stora skillnader i inkomster och möjligheter både mellan och inom medlemsländerna. Vi har försökt undersöka vilken inverkan den europeiska integrationen EU fått på BNP-fördelningen inom regioner mellan EU:s medlemsländer, det vill säga om regionerna divergerat eller konvergerat med varandra. Vi utgår ifrån två krafter: den agglomererande som genom urbanisering etc drar kapital och ekonomisk verksamhet till ländernas centrum, och EU:s regionalpolitik som genom olika stödprojekt fördelar åtskilliga miljarder till de BNP mässigt svagare regionerna. För att kunna fördjupa arbetet fick vi begränsa antalet länder till fyra, i hopp om att kunna dra generella slutsatser för hela EU. På grund av dess olikheter valdes Belgien, Italien, Spanien och Sverige.