Andelen som arbetar vid bildskärm fördubblades i Sverige mellan 1989-1999, vilket har medfört en växande oro över en ökad risk för muskuloskeletala besvär. Syfte: förändrade ergonomisk anpassning respektive progressiv avspännig symptombilden i nack- och skulderregionen hos datorarbetare. Metod: 16 personer med mer än ett års datorvana och som arbetade i Boden deltog i projektet. Som utvärderingsinstrument användes ett frågeformulär som besvarades före och efter en interventionsperiod på fem veckor. Deskriptiv databehandling.

Ambulanspersonal (ambulanssjuksköterskor, specialistsjuksköterskor och ambulanssjukvårdare) förväntas klara av både fysiska och psykiska påfrestningar och samtidigt utföra en patientsäker vård. Framförallt de fysiska påfrestningarna kan skapa muskuloskeletala besvär hos ambulanspersonalen. Muskuloskeletala besvär kan leda till arbetsrelaterade förslitningsskador i nacke, skuldror, ländrygg och knän. Syftet med studien var att beskriva ambulanspersonalens upplevelse av regelbunden strukturerad fysisk aktivitet. Studien utfördes med kvalitativ design och en induktiv ansats där sex manliga deltagare intervjuades.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka om och i så fall hur syskon till barn med funktionsnedsättning påverkas psykosocialt. Undersökningen baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer och litteratur samt rapporter relevanta för ämnet. De intervjuade har redovisat sin syn på hur de anser att barn påverkats av att växa upp som syskon till barn med funktionsnedsättning inom autismspektrumtillstånd.Resultatet påvisar att syskon under sin uppväxt blir utsatta för en mer stressrelaterad situation än jämnåriga och blir mer åsidosatta än barn i övrigt. Undersökningen visar också att syskon till barn med diagnos inom autismspektrum får med sig karaktärsdrag såsom större empati, mognad och ansvar. Att få kunskap över sitt syskons funktionsnedsättning visar sig vara av stor betydelse för hur barn hanterar sin livssituation.

There is desire to evaluate the tracheal diameter in the Swedish population of English Bulldog, a breed with breathing Disorders, and if possible use it as a criteria for breeding in the hope of improving the life situation for these dogs. The Swedish Kennel Club has together with the Swedish Club for English Bulldog and veterinarians presented a five year radiological study that has the purpose to give an average look on how the tracheal situation is in the population. The trachea will be evaluated through two different methods, both measuring two distances in the thorax. The first one compares the tracheal diameter to the height of the cranial opening of the thorax, and the second one to the width of the third rib. With the measured distances one will calculate a quotient and compares it to the reference values.This study is designed to get a preliminary evaluation, based on the 65 dogs that were available on the time for the study, with measurements done by two persons on three different occasions each.

A historical study of intervention for aphasia may provide information on how speech and language pathologists work with people with aphasia. Aphasia is seen as an umbrella term for symptoms of language Disorders caused by aquired brain injury. The overall aim of the present study was to describe and analyze the development of intervention for aphasia during the periods 1990-1999 and 2000-2010.The study was conducted by analysis of 83 medical records from two hospitals in Sweden during a period of 20 years. These decades were compared to each other and yo current litteraturein search for differences and trends in aphasia intervention.The Results of the present study revealed that intervention mainly focused on recovering the linguistic ability in both the 1990s and 2000s. Intervention and literature focusing on communication seem to increase during the 2000s.

This essay is an investigation that aims to increase the understanding regarding the opinions of what skills a teacher who works with pupils that are in need of special support ought to have. I have also tried to answer the question: How to be a good teacher?The investigation is carried out as a qualitative interview survey, where three women from three different municipalities have explained, how they want pedagogues to work with pupils that are in need of special support.The investigation shows that an accurate personality within the pedagogue plays an important part when accomplishing a positive development. Knowledge of various subjects combined with a specialized pedagogical education is very important, as well as an ability of understanding when it comes to different kinds of functional Disorders.Other positive qualities a teacher should have could be the following: to be structured, calm, be able to stand stress, have patience, be a good listener, be emphatic and have a good sense of humour.The investigation also shows that teachers who are confident with themselves have a lot to gain in their profession. The final quality worth mentioning is, when you as a professional dare to be without prestige.

Background;Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by airway obstruction. Common signs of COPD are the slow process and shortness of breath on exertion. The most important treatment is to quit smoking. Most nurses, regardless of where they work, will meet these patients, often when the patients are having respiratory Disorders. Aim;the aim of this study was to illuminate how patients with COPD describe the daily life based on how he/she experience and cope with the disease.

Storytelling is a complex action that requires many linguistic and other cognitive abilities, like memory and attention. Resent research has shown a correlation between oral story retelling and picture arrangement among children with neurodevelopmental Disorders. The present study analyzes if this correlation exists among a convenience sample of children from the general population. 77 children between 3:11 and 9:0 years old accomplished Bus Story Test and a picture arrangement task from WISC III. Significant correlations was found between picture arrangement and Bus Story Test?s subscores sentence length, subordinate clauses and information.

Fysisk aktivitet hos äldre är viktig för att förebygga sjukdom samt för att upprätthålla självständighet och en bra livskvalitet. Fysisk aktivitet går att mäta med instrument, såsom accelerometer eller att skatta med skattningsskalor. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka om den fysiska aktiviteten är korrelerad med den fysiska funktionsförmågan och om fysisk aktivitet bestämd med accelerometri går att prediktera med skattningsskalor. I studien inkluderades totalt 27 patienter som opererats för höftfraktur. 14 av dessa var kvinnor med medelåldern 80 år (62-94) och 13 var män med medelåldern 82 år (73-94).

High-performance equine athletes have an energy requirement that often reaches twice the maintenance requirement. Horses are grazers and adapted to a grass diet, and diets high in grains and concentrates are associated with digestive upsets and behavioural Disorders. It could therefore be of interest if the energy requirement of a high-performing horse could be met by forage. It is important that the forage have a high concentration of energy so that the horse is able to consume the whole amount of energy needed from the forage without exceeding the maximum voluntary intake. The purpose of this literature study was to investigate if the energy demand of a high-performance horse can be covered by forage produced under Northern Swedish climate conditions.

Studiens syfte var att försöka belysa kvinnors situation i missbruksbehandling där män och kvinnor deltar i samma behandlingsgrupp. Frågeställningarna var: (1) Hur har kvinnornas liv som missbrukare sett ut? (2) Hur ser kvinnornas könsrelationer ut i behandlingen? (3) Vad innebär det att vara kvinna i en blandad könsgrupp under behandlingen? Studien genomfördes i form av kvalitativa intervjuer med en fenomenologisk hållning, och tolkades sedan med hjälp av meningstolkning. Resultaten analyserades med hjälp av könsperspektivet samt det psykodynamiska perspektivet. Resultaten visade att kvinnors situation i en blandad könsgrupp kan vara komplicerad och att både kvinnor och män lätt blir distraherade av varandra.

Aim: The aim was to describe adult patients quality of life after cardiac arrest and resuscitation with CPR. Method: A literature overview based on eight scientific articles and one master thesis. Results: The result is presented in three categories, physical, psychological and social quality of life. Sleeping Disorders, fatigue and low energy level affected the physical quality of life in a negative way. The psychological quality of life was often impaired the first time after the cardiac arrest, to be improved over time.

Confrontation naming is commonly used in speech and language pathology to diagnose neurogenic communication Disorders and evaluate naming ability. The existing Swedish assessment instruments for adults consist of pictures depicting nouns. In this study, parts of the instrument An Object and Action Naming Battery were used, containing pictures depicting both nouns and verbs. The study?s purpose was to explore the degree of difficulty in the material, based on the naming of the participants, and examine whether different variables correlate with the results in confrontation naming.

The overall aim of this case study is to find the conditions for pupils in the nine-year compulsory school with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who are instructed in the ordinary classroom. The study explores what kind of support the schools offer these pupils. The study also examines the views of the teachers´, special educators´, principals´ and municipal representatives on what kind of support these pupils need and ought to be offered.The methods used were qualitative interviews and a questionnaire study.The theoretical basis of the study is the three different perspectives of special pedagogy. These perspectives represent three different views on the Disorders of pupils.The overall result shows that the municipality offers little support for schools. The study shows that there is little collaboration between schools and ASD-specific support outside school.

Body esteem is the affective aspect of body image, which is shaped by social experience. Compared with men, women have a more negative body image, which is more frequently correlated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts, especially in the case of eating Disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine gender differences in body esteem and its subcategories, and to find out whether there exists a stronger link between negative body esteem and higher levels of dysfunctional thoughts in women. The relationship between body esteem, dysfunctional thoughts and mental illness was examined. Participants were 73 college students doing social sciences and sports training educations.