During the past year it has been made possible to buy back a company?s outstanding stock. This is done in order to change the capital structure towards a situation with less equity. A change in capital structure means a change in the cost of capital for a company and by that a change in the value for the stockholder. This Master Thesis studies the relation between capital structure and business risk.

Föreliggande uppsats avser att undersöka om lärarnas inofficiella diskurs om individualisering och nivågruppering stämmer överens med läroplanens officiella diskurs. Den aktuella uppsatsen är en fallstudie och görs ur ett maktperspektiv och den består av en diskursanalys av lärarnas diskurs och en av den officiella diskursen, det vill säga läroplanen. Analyserna utarbetas med hjälp av Laclau och Mouffes metodologiska verktyg för att sedan jämföras och därmed utröna om det finns någon kamp mellan de två diskurserna. Detta tillvägagångssätt används för att möjliggöra en koppling till de teoretiska utgångspunkterna, vilka är tagna från Focaults tankar om makt. Resultaten av undersökningen visar att lärarna i sin diskurs lyfter fram att huvudproblemet förefaller vara att de stora heterogena klasserna idag gör att de inte hinner stimulera alla.

The notion of firms interacting with technology is not new; these types of systems were already in place in the mid eighties. E-business users worked with connections between their inbound logistics and procurement systems, and suppliers? order-entry systems. When these connections were described for the first time the vertical links between two, or more, value chains in a value system received more attention in firm strategy. The design of the linkages in the value system was said to be a product of the need for coordination and relative bargaining power.

Att besvara - vilka faktorer kan göra ett e-handelsföretag framgångsrikt? Metod: Kvalitativ enkätundersökning med öppna svar. Undersökningen visade att framgångsfaktorerna finns i ett sammanhang. De faktorer som vi ser som kritiska i ett e-handelsföretag är logistik, speciell produkt, bra ledning, kundkontakt och en viss del av teknisk utveckling.

We want to identify the gap that consists of the expectations we have of Brazilian / Swedish culture with the self-image of these individuals included in the culture of question. This gap, we believe, creates a problem for business across borders. The reader is therefore made aware of the issues that affect our expectations and our self-image, and how this can be used to explain cultural differences..

Uppsatsen vill ge svar på vad den svenska bilindustrin bör tänka på i framtiden för att möta den alltmer miljömedvetna kunden. Intervjuer har genomförts med Volvo och Saab, branschexpertis samt konsumenter för att belysa olika synsätt kring dagens och framtida miljöproblem. Det vi kom fram till var att såväl Volvo som Saab bör fokusera på färre antal attribut. Företagen stärker sin miljöprofil om man ytterligare framhåller bilens miljöpåverkan snarare än andra, för många självklara, attribut. Företagen stärker också trovärdigheten i sin miljöpolitik om en ökad satsning på mindre och bränslesnålare bilar genomförs.

Denna uppsats behandlar förändring av förpackning som en möjlig utökning av produktkategorin i Kotler & Kellers utvidgade marknadsmix. I marknadsmixen behandlas förpackningen som statisk under en varas livstid och studiens syfte var att se om förpackningsförändringar istället bör ske vid flertalet tillfällen. Genom existerande litteratur identifierades tre centrala begrepp som ansågs betydelsefulla för studien; förpackning, förändring av förpackning och differentiering. Fem olika företag med snabbrörliga konsumentvaror inom livsmedelsbranschen intervjuades om varför förändringarna sker. Företagen valdes efter ett antal grundkriterier och ett av dessa var att de skulle ha genomfört förändring av förpackning under de senaste fem åren.

Computers together with Internet have been growing enormously, during the last decade and the area of information technology has been growing in the same speed. As long as the surrounding environment evolves, the business models must within the IT-area, keep the same pace. So, how do business corporations handle this change to attract customers? How do the dominant business models look like? In many cases, they are apparently much the same. But what differences can we see and what areas can be improved? We have showed that the IT area isn?t just one, it consist of several segments.

Kopplingar mellan interna prestationsmätningar och ständig förbättring undersöks genom fallstudie av IKEA Food Service. Uppsatsen genererar fem hypoteser kring ämnet..

The main objective of this thesis is to study the brand manager?s role within a global business to business (B2B) company. In order to meet the main objective we have chosen to study and analyse one global B2B company, Alfa Laval AB, Alfa Laval DK, Alfa Laval PL and its co-partners such as an advertising agency. We have also studied three global business to customer (B2C) companies, Mars, Unilever and Nestlé, to get a picture of brand managers? role and responsibilities within the B2C environment which is already quite far ahead in the development of the brand management thinking..

This essay is a study of the motives and driving forces affecting how a food producer looks at, and incorporates, an environmental-labeling and its impact on their organization and strategy. Driving forces and motivations is an important part of a business strategy and impacts its content and its expression. Sustainability can be part of the overall company strategy but could also define the entire company. This study has shown that the main motive for working with eco-labelling is a genuine interest in issues concerning sustainability. This creates an opportunity for the company to communicate their environmental policies to their customers. For a company that works proactive and innovative with sustainability and climate issues, the new climate framework does not mean any major organizational or strategic changes.When the framework is incorporated in the organization the farms need to be analyzed with a climate impact perspective. This essay shows that this process, together with tools developed to handle the framework, make change in the way dairy farmers think and how they relate to their daily work..

Computers together with Internet have been growing enormously, during the last decade and the area of information technology has been growing in the same speed. As long as the surrounding environment evolves, the business models must within the IT-area, keep the same pace. So, how do business corporations handle this change to attract customers? How do the dominant business models look like? In many cases, they are apparently much the same. But what differences can we see and what areas can be improved? We have showed that the IT area isn?t just one, it consist of several segments.

It is important to understand the process of appraisal of a business in order to establish its value. The purpose of our thesis is to establish which methods and models are used when evaluating a business and investigate the factors that may affect the value and price tag of a business. We have used a qualitative approach by conducting both indepth interviews and a survey as well as reading literature within the field. The main conslusion in our findings is that the common practice of discounted cash flow is widely used when bestowing a monetary value for a business, and in order to raise the value a well established customer relationship was the single most important factor. As far as lowering the value, the answers were of such a wide spread that a single factor could not be attributed.

The aim of this study is to, by developing ideal types, describe why studententrepreneurs participate in self organised business network. The investigation is based on answers from 41 participants in the business network ?Företagare på Lnu?, as well astwo semi-focused groups, which where analysed by using Webers (1978) ideal types.The investigation shows that there are several reasons for student entrepreneurs to participate in self organised business network. For instance some people participate to gather knowledge from other student entrepreneurs for their own future, since they have an idea of soon starting their own business. Others participate just for the fun of knowing what?s going on at the university..

Non-compulsory schools in Sweden should make use of the knowledge and experience that is available in society according to the aims and objectives of the Curriculum for the Non-Compulsory School System - Lpf 94. There are however only a few studies which have focused on the contacts between non-compulsory schools and society as represented by the business world in Sweden.The purpose of this study is to examine in what ways and to what extent non-compulsory schools are following the Curriculum by using the knowledge and experience of the business world. The perspectives have been: Which contacts in the business world and which working practices from the business world are implemented in teaching in non-compulsory schools? In what way do these contacts and working practices affect the teaching and learning of business administration? The purpose of this study is also to examine if the teachers in non-compulsory schools use business information and different kinds of business knowledge and experiences in order to keep themselves up-to-date regarding the business world. The perspectives have been: Are the teachers using up-to-date business information or business experience? Are the teachers applying a multicultural perspective in teaching business studies? In what way does this kind of information or first-hand experience affect the teaching and learning of business administration?The method used in this study was to interview seven teachers from two non-compulsory schools in Stockholm.