Today, pigs are moved on farm, between farms, between countries and to abattoirs. This movement of live pigs requires handling practices that are designed for the purpose. The objective of this study was to research the use of paddle in moving pigs, to investigate if there were different methods of paddle practice, explore the time efficiency of different kinds of paddle use and if there were any time variations in methods that varied in intensity of touch. This study was done on two Swedish abattoirs for a total of five weeks. A total of 22 transporters working at two different abattoirs where studied during unloading of pigs at the abattoirs.

Dr. Robert A. Pape gav 1996 ut sin bok Bombing to Win ? Airpower and Coercion in War där han presenterar sin teori om hur luftmakt bäst ska användas för att påtvinga sin vilja över en motståndares. Genom empiriska studier argumenterar han för att strategisk bombning inte fungerar utan luftstridskrafterna ska istället användas till att bekämpa fiendens militära strategi.Detta självständiga arbete presenterar kärnan ur Pape's teori, samt tar ut tre centrala kriterier som verkar sammanfattande för teorin och undersöker sedan om det går att urskilja dessa inom Nato's nyttjandet av luftmakt under Operation Deliberate Force i Bosnien 1995.

Uppsatsen ställer frågan om teorin d.v.s. nu gällande doktriner stämmer överens med verklighetenoch i fall de inte stämmer överens ? vad skiljer de åt? Inledningsvis görs en kort tillbakablick överhur samverkan mellan US Army och US Air Force har genomförts sedan andra världskriget. Uppsatsensfallstudie omfattar de båda försvarsgrenarnas samverkan och syn på Airpower under Irakkriget2003. Uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion rörande den svenska försvarsmaktens möjligheteroch förmåga när det gäller integrering av markstridskrafter och flygstridskrafter.Frågeställningar som besvaras är:? Existerar det doktrinära avvikelser mellan US Air Force och US Army vad gäller synen påAirpower och dess tillämpning?? Finns det skillnader mellan rådande doktriner och hur samverkan mellan luft- och markstridskrafterhar genomförts i en skarp operation?? Hur långt har den amerikanska försvarsmakten kommit inom luft-markintegrationen?? Finns det andra faktorer som styr uppträdandet än doktriner?? Vilka slutsatser från studien kan den svenska försvarsmakten ha nytta av i sin utvecklinginom området luft-markintegration?Slutsatsen är att det fortfarande existerar skillnader mellan US Army och US Air Force såväl ideras doktriner som i deras tillämpning under krig.

In this report a new gear concept is evaluated using the magnetic finite element method (FEM)software MagNet and Ansys as well as the mechanical FEM software Abaqus. The gear conceptis evaluated in terms of maximum torque capability, torsional stiffness, gear ratio and efficiency.ABB Corporate Research has proposed a new gear concept which should be less expensive thangearboxes used today. The new concept is called aMagnetic Harmonic Traction Drive and usesthe principles of a harmonic drive gear to achieve a high reduction ratio. The gear conceptreplaces the wave generator used in traditional harmonic drives with magnets and uses tractioninstead of gear teeth to transfer the torque. The main components in the gearbox are the magnets,the flexspline, the magnetic portion and the circular spline.

SammanfattningDagens robotgräsklippare från Husqvarna har en lyftsensor vilken bygger på attkarossen kan röra sig vertikalt i förhållande till chassiet. Detta leder dock till attlösningen i kombination med krocksensorerna gör att karossen förmedlar en icke solidkänsla när potentiella kunder prövar produkten. Husqvarna hoppas att man får flerkunder om det är möjligt att ge produkten en solidare känsla. Ett steg mot detta mål äratt utveckla en ny, icke mekanisk lyftsensor.Ett antal koncept för att lösa problemet har utvecklats och utifrån dessa har ett antallösningar utvecklats. De lösningar vilka har visat sig problematiska jämfört medkravspecifikationen har förkastats och intressanta lösningar undersökts I detalj.Ett koncept har utvecklats till prototyp och det är en lösning med Force sensingresistors? vilka används för att mäta trycket från de fyra infästningspunkter vilka finnsmellan kaross och chassi.

The calf extrator?s function has been studied, through measuring traction and how this varies in different situations, in comparison with corresponding manual traction situations. This was done against the background that excessive force at assisted calvings at dystocia can mean life threatening damages on the calf such as grave acidosis, vertebral fractures, femur fractures and rib fractures. The calf extractor has earlier been measured to pull with greater force than the established maximum force of ?two strong men?.

Germany has experienced low birth rates ever since the 1970s when they fell below the replacement levels of 2,1 children per woman. Since then, their birth rate has been around 1,5 children per woman, which has caused an overall aging population. The consequences of the declining birth rates is that the previous generations are becoming larger than the younger generations. This demographic shift raises concern about how its potential implications might affect different aspects of the country and its economy overall. The aim of this paper is to try to discern the dynamic between the share of the labor force in relation to total population, with the share of pensioners in relation to the total population.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how salesperson control can be exercised in a retail store environment. A case study has been performed on a Swedish fashion company emphasizing the relationship between the company?s upper level management and their retail store operations in order to describe, analyze and classify the prevailing management control mechanisms. The paper presents an agency theoretical approach to the relationship applying behavior- and outcome based control theory, performance measurement theory and incentives theory in order to give a comprehensive image of the control system. The main finding is that the company?s management control system as applied to the sales force in its retail stores can be categorized as mainly behavior-based despite several explicit outcome-based features..

The project contains a force analysis of the vertical axis wind turbine Lucia's supporting arms and a measuring device to experimentally measure the forces is made. The forces between the supporting arms and the tower are calculated theoretically and then simulated by a computere. A measuring devise is then designed to measure the forces experimentally. The forces acting on the attachment between the supporting arms and the tower is primarily the centripetal force, gravitational force and the aerodynamic forces on the rotor wings. The maximum forces were theoretically calculated and is 13.38 kN along the x-axis, -0.25 kN along the y-axis and then 0.5 kN along the z-axis.

This report is about the shear force design of reinforced concrete according to Europe?s common dimension rules, Eurocode. The purpose is to describe the calculation procedure and the background to the formulas and expressions that occurs. Furthermore results from different calculation methods (hand calculations and computer calculations) will be compared to see how they differ.The goal with this is to go through the parts of Eurocode dealing with shear force and that this will lead to a clear review of these. You should also be able to see how results and the calculation procedure differ between different calculation methods.

This report is about the shear force design of reinforced concrete according to Europe?s common dimension rules, Eurocode. The purpose is to describe the calculation procedure and the background to the formulas and expressions that occurs. Furthermore results from different calculation methods (hand calculations and computer calculations) will be compared to see how they differ.The goal with this is to go through the parts of Eurocode dealing with shear force and that this will lead to a clear review of these. You should also be able to see how results and the calculation procedure differ between different calculation methods.

This Master Thesis is a product development project that has been carried out incooperation with Metso Paper Sundsvall AB. The task has been to develop a holdingsolution that generates force between two rolls and to evaluate the new solution withrespect to functionality, manufacturing, structural stability, costs, assembly etc. Theroll holding solution is a system that is part of a rollpress. The rollpress is used towash and dewater pulp. The existing solution creates forces that have to be absorbedby the gable of the press.

In this study I investigated whether the strength in the manual response for emotional and neutral stimulus search arrays can explain some of the difference in reaction times (RT:s) for emotional stimuli, or not. Earlier, perceptual, cognitive and attentional processes has mostly been used to explain the variance in RT:s. Thirtythree individuals were asked to, as fast as possible, detect a target picture among distractor pictures in 3 rows x 4 columns arranged search arrays. The pictures were categorized in fear relevant animals (snake, spider) and neutral animals (cat). The results showed, more correct responses for cat target.

Essay in political science, D-level by Lisa Kringsberg, spring semester 2008.Tutor: Michele Micheletti.?Civil Society in Singapore? can it make democratization possible?The third wave of democratization and the end of the cold war has together increased the interest of the civil society as an impact on democratization. Singapore is a country which is higly-developt in both the socie-economic and economic field. Dispate this Singapore has not yet achieved to become a democratic state. The purpose of this essay is to study how the civil society can affect democracy in a country.

There are many kinds of joint operations and combinations of combined arms. This thesis puts its focus on Close Air Support, CAS. Throughout history there have been several cases of success, regarding these kinds of operations, but also failure. Much can be taught from organizational behaviour studies, applied on these military organisations in their cooperation with each other. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the cooperation between the Swedish army and air force to determine the functionality of their process.