Bolivia is a multiethnic country where the indigenous people constitute the majority of the population. Despite two decades of attempts to take the democracy further is its foundation more volatile than ever. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine if exclusion is taken place in Bolivia from year 1982 until today and if so in which way political exclusion constitute problems of democracy in Bolivia. The answer depends on the understanding of democracy used in the analysis. In this thesis I use theories of process-, participation- and deliberative democracy.

During our teacher training, focusing on history and Swedish at further education level, we have noticed a discrepancy in the way history is portrayed in further education and higher education literature. Accounts of historical ideas, events and developments have often wrongly been depicted as non-gender specific, that is, of equal relevance to both men and women. To what extent is it made clear in further education textbooks that Rousseau?s treatise on education was exclusively aimed at the male gender, and how are the gender-specific aspects of his ideas described? What role and space are set aside for women in the accounts of the struggle for the universal right to vote in Sweden at the turn of the century in 1900, and how is the unions? initial exclusion of female workers portrayed? Focusing on the above historical events and developments, this study aimes to examine whether or not gender-specific issues are described as gender neutral in a selection of history textbooks for further education published in Sweden between 1982 and 2003..

Syftet med studien var att undersöka elitsatsande handbollsgymnasieelevers upplevda sammanhållning i deras respektive klubblag samt i deras träningsgrupp vid skolan. Vidare studerades handbollsspelarnas upplevelser av skillnader eller likheter i lagsammanhållningen i klubblag och träningsgrupp. Undersökningsdeltagarna bestod av tio män (M = 18,5) som går på ett elithandbollsgymnasium i Sverige. Datainsamlingen skedde med hjälp av en intervjuguide baserad på Carron´s (1982) konceptuella ramverk. Resultaten redovisades i huvudteman där positiva och negativa påverkansfaktorer för lagsammanhållningen klargjordes i träningsgrupp på skolan respektive klubblag.

Många av dagens fredsfrämjande insatser genomförs i insatsområden som åtminstone vid en första anblick tycks vara av litet geopolitiskt eller ekonomiskt intresse för de intervenerande staterna. För svenskt vidkommande motiveras ibland Sveriges engagemang i exempelvis Afghanistan med att den terrorism och drogproduktion som härrör därifrån hotar och påverkar även människor i Sverige. Ytterligare en möjlig motivering har att göra med spridningsrisken; för att minska risken för spridning av en konflikt utanför det ursprungliga konfliktområdet intervenerar utomstående stater. Men vilken bild av den svenska statens motiv för att engagera Försvarsmakten i fredsfrämjande internationella insatser målas upp i riksdagsdebatten? Är argumenteringen rationell och visar de motiv som förs fram att Sverige faktiskt gynnas av att delta, eller grundar sig viljan att hjälpa till i att den svenska staten anser sig vara moraliskt förpliktigad att ingripa, om förmågan finns, då mänskliga rättigheter kränks? Föreliggande uppsats syftar till att klarlägga hur de två största, blockpolitiskt åtskilda riksdagspartierna motiverade besluten att deltaga i de internationella insatserna i Afghanistan och Libyen.

Syftet med föreliggande undersökning är att utröna huruvida det skett en förskjutning av den ideologiska hegemonins ramar skönjbar i slutdebatterna inför riksdagsvalen 1976, 1982, 1991 samt 1994. Vidare sätts denna eventuella förskjutningen i relation till de ekonomiska kriser som Sverige genomled under 1970-talet och det tidiga 1990-talet. För att utröna skiftningar i den ideologiska hegemonin analyseras partiledarnas framträdande mot bakgrund av Ljunggrens definition av vad som utgör en ideologi. Jag fann att det skett en förändring i vad som ryms inom den ideologiska hegemonins ramar. Vikten av att framstå som regeringsdugliga har ökat och debatterna har även i viss mån avideologiserats.

 The aim of this essay is, by using tree conductive Swedish newspapers, see how thesubmarine violations that Sweden suffered during 1980s, was depicted in the Swedish press in terms of threats. Two major submarine violations will be investigated in this paper, U137-incident in Karlskrona archipelago in 1981 and Hårsfjärden-incident in Stockholm archipelago in 1982. To achieve the purpose, I use a qualitativ method and a threatperspective to answer my questions. These questions are for instance- From which nation, according to press reports, comes the threat?- What is, according to the press, threatened?The results show that the press saw the submarine violations as a major and serious threat that mainly come from Soviet Union.

Denna studie undersöker bemanningsanställdas integration inom lagerverksamhet. Tyngdpunkten ligger på att öka kunskapen kring vilka faktorer som påverkar hur bemanningsanställda integreras i tjänsteköpande företag samt fördjupa förståelsen för vilka möjligheter dessa företag har att öka integrationen på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt. Studien närmar sig problemområdet genom att undersöka hur bemanningsanställda inom lagersektorn upplever de faktorer som påverkat integrationen samt deras åsikter om dessa faktorer. Studiens teoretiska referensram baseras på teorier kring organisering, HRM samt sociala och legala begränsningar. Det empiriska materialet baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer.

Evaluation of machinery costs is necessary for selecting appropriate farm machinery. Timeliness cost due to untimely operations is an important component of machinery costs. Timeliness costs can be high for crop sprayers, since pesticide application must be carried out within a short time interval. This Master thesis investigated the timeliness cost and the probability of a suitable workday for spraying. Timeliness factors were estimated for four different crops (oats, spring wheat, winter wheat and barley) using historical weed trial data.

During 2009-2010 Sweden participated in an international military operation whose intention, according to the Swedish news media, was to fight Somali pirates. The purpose of this thesis is to study various decisions and documents behind the Swedish efforts, both military and foreign aid, regarding the matter of Somali pirates during the years 2009-2010 and analyze the results using an interpretation of the security-development-nexus-theory. The method used is text analysis based on the hermeneutic idea of understanding and interpretation.The thesis studies the international resolutions and national decisions that lead to the military operations in the Gulf of Aden and also the international strategies and national approaches regarding Sweden's assistance in the development of Somalia. The theoretical section contains an interpretation of the vast security-development-nexus-theory. The concepts of security and development are first presented separately and then collectively in terms of military security, societal security, economic security, regime security and human security.

Detta arbete handlar om de synliga valen som go?rs under repetitionsarbetet med en pja?s. Med synliga val menar jag de val som publiken kommer se, t.ex. hur ska?despelare ro?r sig och hur det ser ut pa? scenen.Fo?r att samla in material har jag gjort tre observationer av en amato?rteatergrupp o?ver en tid av tre veckor.

A budget consists of figures showing how much a particular activity has access to during a given year. With a balanced scorecard, these figures and guidelines can be converted in to more easily understandable non-financial instructions for the employees. One of the most significant differences between the budget and the scorecard is that the budget focuses on short-term results while the scorecard focuses on long-term visions and goals. With a long-term thinking the leaders can  set more long-term goals and also make more well-planned investments which increases the possibility for the organization to evolve and become better in the long term. By combining the two instruments a good balance between short and long term perspectives can be achieved, which creates a more effective steeringIn the 1990s, many of the municipalities introduced needs budget, one of them was Gothenburgs municipality.

After the mandatory rules for clearing was removed in 1994, the clearing area has increased in Sweden. After the storms Gudrun and Per, the areas became planted with new plants, mainly spruce, but also other tree species. Storm areas are now being invaded by naturally rejuvenated birch in the tilling tracks. Since the birch often is initially growing faster than the spruce it is inhibiting the growth and is also damaging the spruce. The purpose of this thesis is to study the new brush saw with chain and compare it with the conventional clearing saw, mainly in terms of performance and ergonomics. The results show that the new brush saw with chain is very good in almost all clearing operations compared to the conventional clearing saw.

This essay discusses and evaluates the international currency market in regards to efficiency. To prove the theory that, the difference between expected and actual exchange rates is explained by the difference in expected and actual interest rates and the difference in expected and actual inflation between countries, a model was developed. This model was inspired by the paper of Sebastian Edwards (1982), and is based on three theories; UIP, IS/LM and the Efficient Markets Hypothesis. The model uses 16 regressions estimated from three pairs of curriencies: $/SEK, £/SEK and ?/SEK.

Arbetsmarknaden står inför ett generations- och paradigmskifte, när den äldre generationen går i pension och de yngre förväntas ta över. Samtidigt ökar den psykiska ohälsan och sjukskrivningen främst bland de yngre och stress rapporteras vara den stora bakomliggande orsaken; känslan av otillräcklighet och svårighet att få balans i livspusslet. Undersökningar poängterar att förebyggande arbete och tidiga insatser gynnar såväl medarbetares hälsa och arbetsplatsens ekonomi. Studiens syfte är att undersöka om samtalsstöd som ett nytt subventionerat friskvårdsalternativ uppfattas positivt, i synnerhet av Generation Y (födda 1982-1999). Resultatet av enkätundersökningen, genomförd på ett kommunkontor med 76 deltagare visade att 60% skulle boka samtal idag om det erbjöds som ett friskvårdsalternativ.

This thesis reports on a case study of two different organisational forms in the Swedish forest industry; the geographic and the functional organisation. The work in the geographic organisation is carried out within districts under the supervision of an overall responible district manager, where as in the functional organisation the work has been divided into functions headed by function managers. Forest magement, logging and wood purchases are examples of such functions. The general idea of the functional organisation is having the functions working over a larger geographic unit, without subdividing district boundaries of the region. Also a third organisational form of current interest for the forest industry; the process orientated organisation, is analyzed in the case study. Here, a company outside the forest industry has been analyzed, since no forest company was considered to have made as much progress of changing organisation to process orientation. In the report I present the results from qualitative interviews, where I give the reader a picture of the motives behind each organisational form, what the form implies for some of the company?s interested parties and the organisations? views on future organisational development.