Det är vanligt att patienter som genomgår kirurgi får antingen lokal eller regional anestesi istället för att bli helt sövda. Denna anestesiform kräver mycket av patienten avseende samarbete. Den perioperativa omvårdnaden anpassas under varje operation efter den enskilde patientens behov. Denna studie har utförts som en litteraturstudie med syftet att beskriva patienters upplevelser under vaken kirurgi. Resultatet kategoriserades utefter tre teman; Upplevelser av smärta och obekvämlighet, Upplevelser av oro och ångest och Upplevelser av utsatthet eller delaktighet.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

Background Nightingale attention that hygiene was an important task to prevent health- related infection. Today there are guidelines how hand hygiene should be followed, to prevent health- related infection. Good knowledge and education in hand hygiene and its consequences if it?s not followed is of great importance. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after the clean and the unclean work with patients and materials.

Tidigare forskning visar att patienter har olika behov postoperativt, det är sjuksköterskans uppgift att anpassa omvårdnaden till individen. Patienter har postoperativt ett extra stort behov av information. Sjuksköterskor och patienter har olika åsikter om vilka behov som ska tillgodoses först. Sjuksköterskan anser att kompetenta vårdgivare, smärtlindring och den behandling som vårdpersonal ger ska prioriteras först. Det viktigaste för patienterna var kompetenta vårdgivare, kommunikation samt god omvårdnad.

This master?s thesis deals with the development of the Swedish library catalogue. The thesis primarily has two purposes. Firstly, it describes how the Swedish library catalogue has developed from its first appearance until today. As the Swedish library sector is very extensive the authors have chosen a few catalogues which they have studied more thoroughly.

The aim of this study was to examine women shelters conditions as an organization and how these conditions affect their work with children who have experienced family violence and live in their shelters. In order to achieve a more profound and comprehensive view of the women shelters and their work with these children we selected to execute a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews with collaborators from nine different shelters in Sweden. We found that the women shelter as a non-governmental organization was bicameral and complex where their work with children distinguishes on several areas. We discovered that the women shelters were an organization, affected and formed by its environment. From our empiricism we could distinguish differences on a municipality level where collaborations with schools and social services occur in a resource guided hierarchy which influences the women shelters work with children.

In order to make take-off and landing procedures possible at an airport, an organized allo- cation of slots is necessary. How these slots shall be distributed among airlines is, at pre- sent, governed by the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EEC) No 95/93 of 18 Janu- ary 1993 on common rules for the allocation of slots at Community airports. It is important for the air- lines to be allocated a beneficial slot. Hence it is of great interest for the airlines to ex- change and transfer the allocated times among themselves, a form of secondary market. Whether such practices are allowed or not is not regulated by specific detail in the regula- tion, which leads to legal uncertainty.

Background: Poor perineal wound healing and infections after proctectomy surgery, affect a significant proportion of physical and psychological morbidities such as pain, leakage and abscesses. In its lengthening some of these symptoms will lead to extended periods of hospitalization. These kind of postoperative complications are also associated with delays in eventual chemotherapy treatment Aim: To describe the patients experiences of postoperative wound infection as well as communication and self-care support from the nurse specialist after proctectomy due to rectal cancer. Method: A qualitative content analysis was carried out from interviews. Results: Four main categories emerged; ?Coping with postoperative complications?, ?be independent?, ?feel safe?, and ?accept the situation?.

 SAMMANFATTNINGBakgrundPostoperativt illamående och kräkningar (PONV) är de vanligaste komplikationerna efter kirurgi och anestesi. Många patienter kan uppleva illamående och kräkningar som ett större problem än postoperativ smärta i samband med kirurgiska ingrepp. Faktorer som kön, ålder och åksjuka kan öka risken att drabbas av PONV.SyfteStudiens syfte var att undersöka förekomsten av illamående efter hjärtkirurgi. Vi ville även kartlägga om det fanns skillnad mellan kvinnor och män, i ålder samt samband mellan åksjuka och tid med respiratorbehandling och illamående.   MetodStudiens design var kvantitativ. Data samlades in med hjälp av ett frågeformulär bland patienter som genomgått hjärtkirurgi.

On the 1st April 2006 a new legislation came into effect in Sweden; The ProhibitingDiscrimination and Other Degrading Treatment of Children and Pupils Act (2006:67). TheAct is applicable to education and other activities referred to in the Education Act(1985:1100). This dissertation aims to examine how teachers work to combatdiscrimination, and establishes whether headmasters and teachers have changed their work procedures since the law came into force.In order to seek the answers to my questions I have conducted 8 qualitative interviews with headmasters and teachers from two schools in a community outside Karlstad, with both schools comprising of students from pre-school until year 6.Discrimination is not a new phenomenon in schools, but neither is the fact that it is theschools? responsibility to work against discrimination. Discrimination is still taking place,despite discrimination laws being clearly stated within the Education Act (1985:1100) andthe school curriculum.

Dagens samhälle kräver att varje enskild individ måste ta beslut över alla de val som vi ställs inför. När det gäller val som antingen gynnar eller missgynnar vår hälsa är möjligheterna idag oändliga. På grund av detta finns det många som ökar i vikt och därmed kan behöva hjälp med att göra en livsstilsförändring. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan ha påverkat och motiverat i valet av att göra en gastric bypass operation, samt att urskilja vilka förändringar som följer efter den typen av livsstilsförändring. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes där fyra informanter deltog och studiens data analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

IntroductionStatistics show a declining trend despite the many benefits of breastfeeding.AimThe aim was to investigate how new mothers experienced the care associated with childbirth, with focus on breastfeeding.MethodThe study included mothers who gave birth in a hospital in the middle region of Sweden during 2011, and who responded to an online survey (n?1000). The present study was based upon answers from the open questions concerning dissatisfaction and suggestions for improvement and have been categorized using content analysis.ResultsMothers described failure in several areas, with a negative impact on breastfeeding. Many experienced that they had not been seen and treated like an individual, and that the healthcare staff had been unpleasant, impersonal, ignorant and stressed. Mothers wanted more credit from the staff concerning their own ability and some reported that they had been controlled and ?run over?.

Background: During the 2000s, there has been an increased interest in studying business management and strategy implementation with customer focus in public organisations. To achieve business goals it is important to continuously work with strategies to meet customerdemands for increased efficiency and service. Purpose: The aim of the essay is to examine how to work on strategy implementation in a municipal real estate company from a management perspective in order to achieve overall goals. Method: The study?s methodology is a case study based on qualitative telephone interviews that were conducted with representatives in managerial positions from various levels of the company. The choice of the qualitative data was considered relevant in relation to the chosen topic of the thesis. The empirical data was then compared to the theoretical framework of the thesis. Results: Strategies guide the company to achieve the overall goals, which are later on broken down into operational targets.

The purpose of this study is to describe if and how a seasonal based company named SkiStar, learns through the exchange of experience and knowledge. We have analyzed gathered qualitative and empirical data to explore this subject. We conducted three semi-structured group interviews with employees from the SkiStarshop division. They described their routines and procedures in SkiStarshop. The collected data was processed and analyzed through our theoretical framework.

On the 1st April 2006 a new legislation came into effect in Sweden; The ProhibitingDiscrimination and Other Degrading Treatment of Children and Pupils Act (2006:67). TheAct is applicable to education and other activities referred to in the Education Act(1985:1100). This dissertation aims to examine how teachers work to combatdiscrimination, and establishes whether headmasters and teachers have changed their work procedures since the law came into force.In order to seek the answers to my questions I have conducted 8 qualitative interviews with headmasters and teachers from two schools in a community outside Karlstad, with both schools comprising of students from pre-school until year 6.Discrimination is not a new phenomenon in schools, but neither is the fact that it is theschools? responsibility to work against discrimination. Discrimination is still taking place,despite discrimination laws being clearly stated within the Education Act (1985:1100) andthe school curriculum.