Ultraljudsundersökning av muskelskelettära strukturer på hund
en litteraturstudie och en fallstudie av hundar undersökta vid Universitetsdjursjukhuset SLU jämfört med fall undersökta vid andra djursjukhus runt om i världen
Ultrasound is a well established diagnostic method in small animal veterinary practice but there appears to be limited use of ultrasound for evaluating the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this study was to investigate what publications exist concerning musculoskeletal ultrasound of dogs and to compare the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound at the University Animal Hospital (UDS) in Uppsala, to other animal hospitals in the world.
The literature review is divided into three parts, the front leg, the hind leg and miscellaneous. The literature review focuses on the musculoskeletal abnormalities that can be seen with ultrasound. The front and hind leg sections are mainly focused on the joints. In the miscellaneous section the ultrasound examination and abnormalities of the muscles and skeleton are described. In the case study, dogs examined with musculoskeletal ultrasound at UDS during the period 030101- 080909 were evaluated. A total of 53 dogs were examined with musculoskeletal ultrasound during study period. In 2006, musculoskeletal ultrasound examinations made up approximately 1.2 % of the total number of ultrasound examinations on dogs at UDS. The most common reason for dogs to be examined with musculoskeletal ultrasound at UDS was tenosynovitis of the biceps tendon. The second the most common reason was various types of muscle injuries. Further investigation of the cases where an abnormality of the biceps-, infraspinatus - or supraspinatus tendon was detected showed that these dogs were more commonly treated with intra-articular cortisone compared to those cases where no abnormalities were detected in the ultrasound examination.
The survey was sent out to 29 different clinics around in Europe, USA and Australia. Eighteen replies were received giving a response of 62 %. The biceps tendon was the most common structure examined with ultrasound, but the calcaneal tendon was also a common structure to examine. This is in contrast to UDS where only one calcaneal tendon was examined with ultrasound during the period of the study. A majority of the replying clinics stated that they use ultrasound as guide when they take aspirates or biopsies from skeletal lesions. Many of the clinics that replied on the survey stated that they think that ultrasound is underutilized as a diagnostic tool and these clinics had suggestions for other that ultrasound could be used to examination.