Självmord
en forskningsöversikt
Suicide is the ultimate outcome of mental illness and is a big and serious problem in society. About 1500 persons commit every year suicide in Sweden and many more engage in suicidal behaviour. This review aims at, from research studies from the 21th century, find out the knowledge of riskfactors regarding the risk for committing suicide among adolescents. The research questions are: What does research say, from a psychobiological perspective, about riskfactors among adolescents regarding the risk for suicidal behaviour? How much does genetic factors have an effect on the risk for suicidal behaviour among adolescents? and : What is the importance of environmental factors such as family connections, friends and school environment concerning suicidal thoughts among adolescents?The method that is used in order to answer these questions is a researchreview including ten research-studies. The theory that is used for the analyse of the results is the psychobiologial perspective, which includes genetic and psychological theories. The conclusion of the review is, not surprisingly, that the genetic factors are of great importance for the development of suicidal behaviour. These factors interact with environmental factors in a complex way and is an explanation for suicidal thoughts among adolescents. The most prominent riskfactors mentioned in the result are: Psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviour among parents, psychiatric disorders among the adolescents, neclect, psycial abuse, sexual abuse and also longtime unemployment among mothers. Furthermore are lack of friends and being victim of bullying serious riskfactors for developing suicidal behaviour.