Kokosfetts påverkan på blodfetterna ? En systematisk översiktsartikel
Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Coconut fat?s effect on blood lipids - A systematic overviewAuthor: Linnéa Hult and Sandra WestlingSupervisor: Fredrik BertzExaminer: Ingrid LarssonProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 2013-04-11Background: Coconut fat has recently been praised in the media. Amongst other things,coconut oil has been said to lower cholesterol (1, 2). This despite the fact that coconut oilcontains of 92 % saturated fat, which strong scientific evidence support raises the blood lipidsand thus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (3).Objective: To examine the scientific evidence for how blood lipids in adults are affected byan intake of coconut fat compared to an intake of other kind of fats.Search strategy: PubMed and Scopus have been used in the literary search. Keywords usedwere "coconut fat", "coconut oil", "plasma lipids" and cholesterol [MeSH].Selection criteria: Human studies of RCT or cohort type, published since 1983. Studies inhealthy adults who consumed at least 15 grams of coconut fat per day for two weeks. Includedmeasurements were fasting total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides and LDL/HDL ratio.Data collection and analysis: Studies were gathered according to the inclusion and exclusioncriterias and the quality of the studies were examined using the SBU?s?Granskningsmall förrandomiserad kontrollerad studie ". The studies were divided into two subgroups, unsaturatedor saturated fats, depending on the comparison fat that had been used. Evidence was gradedby GRADE.Main results: Six randomized studies are included in the results. All studies comparedcoconut fat with unsaturated fat, and one of them also compared coconut fat with saturatedfat. Five of the studies showed negative effects of coconut fat compared to unsaturated fats(about 1 mmol/L higher total cholesterol, 21 %), one study?s result was contradictory. When itcomes to the comparison with saturated fats, the only included study showed that coconut fathas positive effects on the blood lipids in relation to butter.Conclusions: Coconut fat increases the blood lipids more than polyunsaturated fat, evidencefor this is moderate. The evidence for the LDL/HDL-ratio is low. The evidence for thedifference between coconut fat and other saturated fats are very low and no further conclusioncan be made, more research is needed on the subject.