Kartläggning av metoder för arbete kring levnadsvanor i primärvården - en litteraturbaserad studie
Introduction: Our lifestyle habits affect our health and unhealthy habits are a contributing factor to disease. Health care is an arena that should work with health promotion. MI (motivational interviewing) is a method used in various forms of care to work with lifestyle. Aim: To map methods with intention to be used in Swedish primary care, to work with the lifestyle habits diet, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco. Method: This is a literature based study. Systematic searches were carried out after articles in the databases PubMed and Chinal. Manual searches were also carried out and the end result was 12 articles. The analyses of the articles are based on identifying the methods and their work around lifestyle habits in primary care. Results: No common approach around work with dietary habits, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco in primary care was found in this study either nationally or internationally. This study found computerized methods, action plan, MI and brief counseling and multi-methods. Many physicians feel they don´t have enough time to implement the methods during the visit with the patient. But they however felt that the method made it easier to discuss lifestyle habits with patients. Many patients find work around lifestyle habits in primary health care positively. Discussion: Methods of work relating to lifestyle habits are essential if the physicians should prior to discuss it with the patient. Furthermore, identification of methods and research into the effects of these are very important for a future work.