Interaktion och intervention
En undersökning av kommunikativa behov hos personer med afasi och dysartri i vardagliga och kliniska samtal
Aphasic interventionDysarthric interventionCommunication needsConversation Analysis (CA)RepairAlternative and augmentative communicationCo-constructionFeedbackRetrospectionIntervention vid afasiIntervention vid dysartriKommunikativa behovConversation Analysis (CA)ReparationerAlternativ och kompletterande kommunikationSamkonstruktionåterkopplingarRetrospektion
In speech and language intervention, the ability to interact is seldom evaluated; rather intervention is evaluated in terms of improved testresults. If goal-setting in intervention also is based on everyday communicative needs, the relevance of the treatment may be increased and intervention outcome may be implemented in the patient?s natural environment.The present study, as part of a research-project, is based on analyses of interaction and interviews to examine everyday conversations and speech and language intervention. The aim was to explore if there is a relation between everyday communication needs and goal-setting in speech and language intervention for people with aphasia. A further aim was to investigate if there are everyday communicative needs that may form goals for speech and language intervention.Two individuals with aphasia and one individual with both dysarhtria and aphasia participated in the study. Three speech and language pathologists and two relatives also participated in the study. Everyday interaction and intervention sessions were recorded and transcribed according to Conversation Analysis principles and analysed from an interactional perspective. Interviews regarding intervention and everyday communication were carried out with all participants. Recordings were presented and discussed with all participants, in so called retrospections.Four phenomena that illustrate communication needs of the participating patients were identified: repair, alternative and augmentative communication, co-construction and feedback. Analysis, interviews and retrospections have revealed that communication needs can form the basis of goal-setting in speech and language intervention. It is also demonstrated that intervention mainly is based on the everyday communication needs of the patient. Retrospections were also shown to be useful in order to observe communication needs in everyday life and in order to evaluate speech and language intervention. The retrospections were found to be beneficial to an open dialogue between speech and language pathologist, patient and relatives regarding the content and aim of the intervention.