This thesis deals with the concepts of Individual and individuation as defined by Leibniz and Spinoza. I go through the use and definition of the concept of Individual in four stages.First I discuss the Individual as conceived by Spinoza as a relation formed by a composition of parts and the Individual as conceived by Leibniz as a complete notion consisting of all the events in the life of a subject.Next is the roll of perception in Leibniz discussed, likewise individuation through different perception with varying distinctness, and the affinity of perception with affection.The discussions concerning the Individual concludes in a section about the essence of the Individual as being the desire of the Individual. In the last stage, I discuss the multitude as being an own Individual..

People with certain types of disabilities have the legal right to ask for an Individual plan. The idea is that the plan should be a tool for the disabled to get more power and influence over the planned actions that involves their lives. The aim of this thesis was to study the Individual circumstances of interpersonal power and influence in the work of Individual plans. The study was done with a qualitative approach, where three executing officers and three Individuals were interviewed. The results show that the conditions for the Individual?s influence are far more complicated than at first glance.

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine whether the Individual influence at the working place leads to the perception of decreased stress. Also I looked at whether stress and Individual influence is affected by the employees age, sex or employment years. Previous research shows that Individual influence decreases stress but strangely enough do the research show that Individual influence seem to decrease in today?s work environment. This research is quantitative with questionnaires, answered by 74 civil servants working in a department in the municipality of Karlstad.

AbstractMy purpose of the investigation is to enter deeply into the knowledge of the Individual plan of the development and to examine how teachers, pupils and parents look at the Individual plan of the development and the purpose of the Individual plan of the development in school. My question of the main problem in this investigation was to examine the expectation on the Individual plan of the development from teachers, pupils and parents and if the Individual plan of the development has been influence the cooperation of parents and the influence of the pupils also how and if teachers, pupils and parents apprehend some kinds of changes.The review of the literature begin with a closer study about our document of control, witch are the curriculum of the compulsory school (Lpo 94), The National Agency for Education General Advice for the Individual plan of the development (2005), a study of the development of the cooperation of the parents and the influence of the pupils under the years of research about it.I have in my investigation used qualitative interview in different forms like the ordinary interview, interview on telephone and focussed group interview with teachers, pupils and parents. The result of my conclusion from the investigation is that the information and the knowledge of the Individual plan of the development are important to be able to increase the influence from the pupils and a different cooperation from the parents in the development of the school with the Individual plan of the development. My examination is small and not generalised but I believe that it still can represent the attitude of the Individual plan of the development. The consequence of the investigation shows that pupils and parents have vague idea of the Individual plan of the development.

Power, Criminality and the gamble about bordering normality. From theperspective of Foucault. This study is about how criminality becomes a strategy of power used by the Individual to overcome difficulties and gain advantages. This strategy of power sets loose a process of identity formation within the Individual that gives shape to his own norms which are opposite to the one of the society. The Individual norms and the normative society cooperate with one another in a cultural teamwork.

Abstract This paper focuses on whether Individual development plans as well as action programmes are needed.Pupils in need of particular support get to be involved in an action programme ? the school needs to provide any particular support a pupil needs. However, the Individual development plan does not substitute the action programme. Thus an action programme as well as an Individual development plan will be provided to students in need of particular support.The Individual development plan follows the pupil throughout the entire education, regardless of whether its content changes, whilst the action programme pertains to a limited period of time. Pupils that are not in need of particular support are not likely to need to set goals for themselves in addition to those already set outside of school.

Background: Diabetes is a common disease where the degree of self-management is of paramount importance. Individual factors influences both cooping and general wellbeing among diabetic patients. Glycemic control is known to be important but other factors ought to be considered. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how Individual self-management influences the general wellbeing among adult diabetic patients. Method: This literature study is based on scientific articles.

The aim of this study is to describe the variation in two teachers perceptions of their work with Individual developments. The study begins with a review of the Swedish National Agency for Education?s guidelines for working with Individual developments. With this I want to give the reader an insight into the teachers working conditions and the responsibilities the school authorities have against their students. Using phenomenography, I have examined the differences between two mathematic teacher?s perceptions in working with Individual developments for student?s in need of special education.   My questions are: How do mathemathic teachers perceive their work with Individual developments? What support and what information do the teacher?s feel that they have been given in order to use Individual developments as a tool? How do the teachers perceive that their work situation has influenced their work with Individual developments? The two teachers I have interviewed showed different perceptions both in how they understood the guidelines for working with Individual developments and how they chose to work with them.

Research now shows that the Individual Educational Programs (IEP) are dominated by Individual- oriented actions. This despite the fact that the school`s policy documents advocate that IEP should be viewed in context of the school`s activities. Support must be seen from a holistic perspective and the student`s difficulties will be related to the whole school environment. In an attempt to understand why the Individual- oriented actions are still there, I have studied how specific IEP are formulated, and how it relates to the school`s policy documents.In the study, I used discourse theory as a method. By examining the I E P in educational activity, I wanted to find the meaning with which the concept of Individual, group and organizational level were filled.The results show that the IEP in comparison with the policy documents mainly differ on the definition of group and organizational level.

The purpose of this paper was to look into how the Individual has been portrayed in the different curriculums for Swedish compulsory school from the 60?s to the 90?s. This was done in order to see what type of discourse ?monocultural- multicultural- or intercultural- the understanding of the Individual has led to.The purpose was divided into five questions: Who is the Individual in the curriculums? How is the Individual portrayed in relation to education in the curriculums? How is the Individual portrayed in relation to society in the curriculums? What type of discourse - monocultural- multicultural- or intercultural- is mirrored in the different curriculums? Is it possible to see tendencies in the discourses that lead closer to, or farther away from, an intercultural perspective? The material that was analysed consists of four different curriculums: Lgr 62, Lgr 69, Lgr 80, and Lpo 94.The method used was a discourse analytic approach based on the theory of social constructionism. The answers to the questions asked were structured with the support from definitions of monocultural discourse, multicultural discourse, and intercultural discourse, derived from Pirjo Lahdenperäs (2008) descriptions of different organizational cultures.The main conclusion drawn from this analysis was the fact that the intercultural discourse about the Individual has not been obtained.

Though death and mortality is an inevitable part of our lives it seems like both the society with its culture and the Individual in some way repress death. This study was set to explore how and why the Individual holds back thoughts on his/her own death and in which way society affect the Individual?s repression of death-thoughts. Using a hermeneutic approach I have interviewed five informants about death and thoughts about death in everyday life. Also for the analysis of the empirical material a hermeneutic approach was used, and the works of Bauman, Giddens, Heidegger, Fromm and May served as a theoretical starting point.

Our understanding is that responsibility is shifting from the community towards the Individual within the field of social work. This resulted in our essay, which aims to study how the representatives within social service assistance and churches in Helsingborg work with personal power. Our aim is also to illustrate how these representatives view the boundaries of responsibility between the Individual and the community. Our questions are: How do the representatives work with personal power from a micro and macro perspective? How do the representatives look upon their position as representatives? What do the representatives consider as responsibility of the Individual respective the community? And; Are there preventing factors from Individual responsibility? We obtained our empirical material from a qualitative method consisting of interviews.

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting an Individual's working life mobility and how this mobility is perceived by the Individual. The study has a qualitative approach and the theoretical part is based on Castells', Giddens' and Bauman's theories of modern society and employment in relation to the Individual. The study concludes that external circumstances in combination with internal driving forces are the reasons behind changing careers. The process is predominantly perceived as positive, especially education tends to strengthen self-identity. Work in general is regarded as important for a person's identity and new career changes are expected in the future..

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting an Individual's working life mobility and how this mobility is perceived by the Individual. The study has a qualitative approach and the theoretical part is based on Castells', Giddens' and Bauman's theories of modern society and employment in relation to the Individual. The study concludes that external circumstances in combination with internal driving forces are the reasons behind changing careers. The process is predominantly perceived as positive, especially education tends to strengthen self-identity. Work in general is regarded as important for a person's identity and new career changes are expected in the future..

AbstractRunning an Individual bookstore is not an easy task. And then to do it in a profitable way is even harder.In this study you will read about what matters to the profitability in a bookstore. There are several aspects of this but it may be of interest to know what is affecting most of a bookstore's profitability.These three theories were researched by examination of previous research. The theories were then compared to the empirical research of an Individual bookstore. Developing the empirical research qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was used.